CCSD3ZF0000100000001NJPL3IF0PDS200000001 = SFDU_LABEL /* Detached PDS label for the PV-ORAD */ /* corrected Fresnel reflectivity image */ RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH RECORD_BYTES = 8192 FILE_RECORDS = 1025 /* Pointers to image file and objects within it */ ^FOREIGN_LABEL = ("PVEN004F.IMG",1) ^IMAGE = ("PVEN004F.IMG",2) /* Image descriptive information */ DATA_SET_ID = "P12-V-ORAD-5-RADAR-IMAGE-V1.0" TARGET_NAME = VENUS SPACECRAFT_NAME = "PIONEER VENUS ORBITER" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "ORBITING RADAR" TRANSMITTED_POLARIZATION = "LINEAR" RECEIVED_POLARIZATION = "SAME SENSE LINEAR" WAVELENGTH = 17. DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = FRESNEL_REFLECTIVITY DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "N/A" MAP_PROJECTION_TYPE = "SIMPLE CYLINDRICAL" MAP_SCALE = 5.686 MAXIMUM_LATITUDE = 90.0 MINIMUM_LATITUDE = -90.0 MAXIMUM_LONGITUDE = 240.0 MINIMUM_LONGITUDE = 240.0 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "PETER G. FORD" NOTE = "VICAR format image of Venus surface Fresnel reflectivity corrected for diffuse scattering from radar altimeter and side-looking backscatter measurements. This is related to the (complex) surface bulk dielectric constant E by ((sqrt(E)-1)/(sqrt(E)+1))**2. The Fresnel reflectivity is derived by analyzing the time-sampled radar echo profile according to Hagfors' Law of near-normal-incidence scattering from a quasi- specular surface. A correction is made to the Fresnel reflectivity to account for that fraction of the incident radar beam that is reflected by sub-wavelength-sized scatterers. This component was estimated, where possible, from the ORAD side- looking radar imaging mode, and modeled by the phenomenological function g*a*R*cos(t)**1.5, where t is the scattering angle, g = 2.69 is a fitted geometrical factor, and a is the fraction of the surface covered by diffusely-scattering material. R is the true Fresnel reflectivity. The correction is only made for that portion of the altimetric dataset that is also covered by side- looking imaging data, i.e. from about 15 degrees south to 45 degrees north latitude. For reference, see Pettengill, G.H., P.G. Ford, and B.D. Chapman, Venus: Surface electromagnetic properties, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14881-14892, 1988." /* Object descriptions */ OBJECT = FOREIGN_LABEL TYPE = VICAR2 RECORDS = 1 BYTES = 8192 ^DESCRIPTION = "VICAR2.TXT" END_OBJECT = FOREIGN_LABEL OBJECT = IMAGE LINES = 1024 LINE_SAMPLES = 2048 SAMPLE_BITS = 32 SAMPLE_TYPE = VAX_REAL END_OBJECT = IMAGE END