PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3
RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH
RECORD_BYTES = 80
OBJECT = TEXT
PUBLICATION_DATE = 1999-03-09
NOTE = "Software Interface Specification for
the Mars Global Surveyor Radio
Science Atmospheric Temperature-
Pressure Profile (RSTP) file.
Formatted for display or printing at
58 lines per page with up to 78
constant width characters per line."
END_OBJECT = TEXT
END
Stanford Center for Radar Astronomy
Mars Global Surveyor Project
Software Interface Specification
Atmospheric Temperature-Pressure Profile Data File
prepared by
Richard A. Simpson
Center for Radar Astronomy
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305-9515
650-723-3525
Version 2.0.5
9 March 1999
PREFACE
|====================================================================|
| |
| DOCUMENT CHANGE LOG |
| |
|====================================================================|
|REVISION|REVISION| SECTION | REMARKS |
| NUMBER | DATE | AFFECTED | |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0 |97/10/07| All |Adapted from V1.0 for Mars Observer |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.1 |98/09/04|Distribution|Editorial corrections |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.1 |98/09/04|Acronyms & .|Change "Degrees Kelvin" to "Kelvin" |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.1 |98/09/04| Appendix A |No longer needed; omit. |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.1 |98/09/04| Appendix B |Rename to Appendix A; revise contents|
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.1 |98/09/04| Appendix C |Rename to Appendix B; revise contents|
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.2 |98/11/10|Distribution|Omit John Armstrong; update e-mail, |
| | | | M/S for Priest, Asmar, Martin, |
| | | | Oliver, Sword. |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.2 |98/11/10| 1.5.4.2 |Add optional "Z" suffix to denote use|
| | | | of UTC explicitly. |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.2 |98/11/10| 2.3 |Changed file naming scheme from |
| | | 4.2.1 | ydddhhmm.TPx to ydddhmmC.TPx |
| | | Fig 4-2 | |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.2 |98/11/10| Appendix A |Update to show current format |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.3 |98/11/11|Distribution|Add Mike Flasar |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.3 |98/11/12| 4.2.1 |RECORD_BYTES and ^RSTP_TABLE fixed |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.4 |98/12/15| 4.2.1 |Change DATA_SET_ID to |
| | | Fig. 4-2 | MGS-M-RSS-5-SDP-Vn.m |
| | | A.1 | |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.4 |98/12/15|Distribution|Add Henderson; omit Oliver, Sword |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.4 |98/12/22| Appendix A |Removed ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES from label |
|--------+--------+------------+-------------------------------------|
| 2.0.5 |99/03/09| 1.5.4.1 |Substituted 7-bit ASCII characters |
| | | 1.5.4.2 | for 8-bit versions. |
|====================================================================|
|====================================================================|
| |
| ITEMS TO BE DETERMINED |
| |
|====================================================================|
| REVISION | SECTION | ITEM DESCRIPTION | RESOLUTION |
| NUMBER | AFFECTED | | |
|----------+----------+------------------------+---------------------|
| 2.0 | Dist |Missing addresses |Found. |
|----------+----------+------------------------+---------------------|
| 2.0 | 1.3 |Update Constants Doc | |
|====================================================================|
Distribution
PDS/JPL
V. Henderson..........171-264 Valerie.L.Henderson@jpl.nasa.gov
M. Martin.............171-264 michael.d.martin@jpl.nasa.gov
PDS/Washington University
E. Guinness......Dept E&P Sci guinness@wunder.wustl.edu
R.E. Arvidson......Dept E&P Sci arvidson@wunder.wustl.edu
PDS/NMSU
R. Beebe......Dept. Astronomy rbeebe@nmsu.edu
L. Huber......Dept. Astronomy lhuber@nmsu.edu
Stanford University
R. Simpson.........Durand 232 rsimpson@magellan.stanford.edu
L. Tyler...........Durand 232 len@nova.stanford.edu
D.P. Hinson..........Durand 232 hinson@nimbus.stanford.edu
J.D. Twicken.........Durand 232 joe@neptune.stanford.edu
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
S.W. Asmar...........MS 264-860 sami.w.asmar@jpl.nasa.gov
P. Priest..........MS 264-860 trish@rodan.jpl.nasa.gov
W.L. Sjogren.........MS 301-150 wls@kamel.jpl.nasa.gov
R. Springer........MS 264-214 richard.j.springer@jpl.nasa.gov
R. Woo.............MS 238-725 richard@oberon.jpl.nasa.gov
Goddard Space Flight Center
D.E. Smith.............Code 920 dsmith@tharsis.gsfc.nasa.gov
F. Lemoine...........Code 926 flemoine@olympus.gsfc.nasa.gov
F.M. Flasar............Code 693 mike@leprss.gsfc.nasa.gov
Centre Nationales d'Etudes Spatiales
G. Balmino...............GRGS balmino@pontos.cnes.fr
California Institute of Technology
A. Ingersoll..............GPS api@helene.gps.caltech.edu
University of Colorado
B. Jakosky............CU/LASP jakosky@argyre.colorado.edu
NASA Ames Research Center
R. Haberle...........MS 245-3 bhaberle@mail.arc.nasa.gov
Contents
Preface.............................................................ii
Document Change Log...............................................ii
Items to be Determined...........................................iii
Distribution......................................................iv
Contents...........................................................v
Acronyms and Abbreviations.......................................vii
1. General Description...............................................1
1.1. Overview......................................................1
1.2. Scope.........................................................1
1.3. Applicable Documents..........................................1
1.4. System Siting.................................................1
1.4.1. Interface Location and Medium.............................1
1.4.2. Data Sources, Transfer Methods, and Destinations..........1
1.4.3. Generation Method and Frequency...........................1
1.5. Assumptions and Constraints...................................2
1.5.1. Usage Constraints.........................................2
1.5.2. Priority Phasing Constraints..............................2
1.5.3. Explicit and Derived Constraints..........................2
1.5.4. Documentation Conventions.................................2
1.5.4.1. Data Format Descriptions..............................2
1.5.4.2. Time Standards........................................2
1.5.4.3. Coordinate Systems....................................3
1.5.4.4. Limits of This Document...............................3
1.5.4.5. Typographic Conventions...............................3
2. Interface Characteristics.........................................4
2.1. Hardware Characteristics and Limitations......................4
2.1.1. Special Equipment and Device Interfaces...................4
2.1.2. Special Setup Requirements................................4
2.2. Volume and Size...............................................4
2.3. Labeling and Identification...................................4
2.4. Interface Medium Characteristics..............................5
2.5. Failure Protection, Detection, and Recovery Procedures........5
2.6. End-of-File Conventions.......................................5
3. Access............................................................6
3.1. Programs Using the Interface..................................6
3.2. Synchronization Considerations................................6
3.2.1. Timing and Sequencing Considerations......................6
3.2.2. Effective Duration........................................6
3.2.3. Priority Interrupts.......................................6
3.3. Input/Output Protocols, Calling Sequences.....................6
4. Detailed Interface Specifications.................................7
4.1. Structure and Organization Overview...........................7
4.2. Detached PDS Label............................................7
4.2.1. Label Header..............................................7
4.2.2. Label Body................................................9
4.3. Data File.....................................................9
Appendix A. Example Data Products..................................10
A.1. Example Label................................................10
A.2. Example Data Object..........................................20
Appendix B. RSTP Processing Program Definitions ...................23
Figures
4-2. RSTP Label Header.............................................7
B-1. Time variation of Signal Power...............................23
B-2. Definition of Raypath Direction..............................24
B-3. Definition of Angle from Diametric...........................24
Acronyms and Abbreviations
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ARCDR Altimetry and Radiometry Composite Data Record
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
CCSDS Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems
CD Compact Disc
CNES Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales
dB Decibel
DSN Deep Space Network
FEA Front End Assembly
GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IAU International Astronomical Union
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory
J2000 IAU Official Time Epoch
K Degrees Kelvin
kB Kilobytes
km Kilometers
MB Megabytes
MGS Mars Global Surveyor
MO Mars Observer
NAIF Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAV Navigation Subsystem/Team
PDB Project Data Base
PDS Planetary Data System
RS Radio Science
RSS Radio Science Subsystem
RST Radio Science Team
RSTP Radio Science Temperature Pressure (profile)
SCET Space Craft Event Time
SIS Software Interface Specification
SOPC Science Operations Planning Computer
SPARC Sun Scaleable Processor Architecture
TBD To Be Determined
TDB Temps Dynamique Barycentrique - IAU Standard Ephemeris
Time
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
WO Write Once
1. General Description
1.1. Overview
This Software Interface Specification (SIS) describes Radio
Science Atmospheric Temperature-Pressure Profile (RSTP) data files
from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mission. RSTP files are created
at Stanford University and contain results of processing MGS radio
occultation data to obtain the structure of Mars' atmosphere [1].
The Mars Global Surveyor Mission is managed by the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory (JPL) for the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA).
1.2. Scope
The format and content specifications in this SIS apply to all
phases of the Mars Global Surveyor Mission for which the RSTP is
produced. RSTP products covered by this SIS include those at both
standard (approximately 200 m vertical) and high (approximately 20 m
vertical) resolution.
1.3. Applicable Documents
[1] Tyler, G.L., G. Balmino, D.P. Hinson, W.L. Sjogren, D.E. Smith,
R. Woo, S.W. Asmar, M.J. Connally, C.L. Hamilton, and R.A. Simpson,
Radio Science Investigations with Mars Observer, J. Geophys. Res.,
97, 7759-7779, 1992.
[2] MO 642-321, Mars Global Surveyor Planetary Constants and Models,
JPL D-3444, November 1990.
[3] Planetary Science Data Dictionary, JPL D-7116, Rev. D, 15 July 1996.
[4] Planetary Data System Standards Reference, JPL D-7669, part 2,
24 July 1995.
1.4. System Siting
1.4.1. Interface Location and Medium
RSTP files are created by the Stanford MGS RS processing
system, which consists of Sun SPARC-2, SPARC-10, and Ultra
workstations; other computers; and associated peripherals.
1.4.2. Data Sources, Transfer Methods, and Destinations
RSTP files are created on the Stanford MGS RS processing
system. They are distributed electronically by the MGS RS server and are
written to compact disc write-once (CD-WO) volumes for archive with the
Planetary Data System (PDS).
1.4.3. Generation Method and Frequency
RSTP products are generated by reformatting and manipulating
output files from Stanford programs. Each RSTP contains data from
one occultation event. RSTPs are generated when the data for the
appropriate orbits become available.
1.5. Assumptions and Constraints
1.5.1. Usage Constraints
None.
1.5.2. Priority Phasing Constraints
None.
1.5.3. Explicit and Derived Constraints
None.
1.5.4. Documentation Conventions
1.5.4.1. Data Format Descriptions
The reference data unit is the byte. Data may be stored in
fields with various sizes and formats, viz. one-, two-, and four-byte
binary integers, four- and eight-byte binary floating-point numbers,
and character strings. Data are identified throughout this document
as
char 8 bits character
uchar 8 bits integer
short 16 bits integer
long 32 bits integer
float 32 bits floating point (sign, exponent, and
mantissa)
double 64 bits floating point (sign, exponent, and
mantissa)
u (prefix) unsigned (as with ulong for
unsigned 32-bit integer)
other special data structures such as
time, date, etc. which are
described within this document
The detailed formats of the numeric fields are defined in Appendix A.
If a field is described as containing n bytes of ASCII
character string data, this implies that the leftmost (lowest
numbered) byte contains the first character, the next lowest byte
contains the second character, and so forth.
An array of n elements is written as array[n]; the first
element is array[0], and the last is array[n-1]. Array[n][m]
describes an n x m element array, with first element array[0][0],
second element array[0][1], and so forth.
1.5.4.2. Time Standards
RSTP calculations use the January 1.5, 2000 epoch as the
standard time. Within the data files, all times are reported in
Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) as strings of 23 ASCII characters.
The time format is "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fff", where "-", "T", ":",
and "." are fixed delimiters; "YYYY" is the year "19nn" or "20nn";
"MM" is a two-digit month of year; "DD" is a two-digit day of month;
"T" separates the date and time segments of the string; "hh" is hour
of day; "mm" is the minutes of hour (00-59); "ss" is the seconds of
hour (00-59); and "fff" is in milliseconds. Optional suffix "Z"
explicitly indicates use of the UTC reference.
The date format is "YYYY-MM-DD", where the components are
defined as above.
1.5.4.3. Coordinate Systems
The RSTP uses the Areocentric fixed body coordinate system [2].
1.5.4.4. Limits of This Document
This document applies only to the RSTP standard- and high-
resolution products.
1.5.4.5. Typographic Conventions
This document has been formatted for simple electronic file
transfer and display. Line lengths are limited to 72 ASCII
characters, including line delimiters. No special fonts or structures
are included within the file. Constant width characters are assumed
for display.
2. Interface Characteristics
2.1. Hardware Characteristics and Limitations
2.1.1. Special Equipment and Device Interfaces
RSTP files are created on the Stanford MGS Science Operations
Planning Computer (SOPC) using IEEE formats and are stored in
electronic form on the MGS PDB.
2.1.2. Special Setup Requirements
None.
2.2. Volume and Size
RSTP products for each occultation consist of one or more files,
as detailed in Section 4. A standard resolution RSTP, covering 70 km
of altitude at 200 m resolution, will require about 15 kB for the
label and 12 kB for the data -- or 27 kB total. A high-resolution
profile, covering 200 km in altitude at 10 m resolution, will require
15 kB for the label and about 640 kB for the data -- or 665 kB total.
2.3. Labeling and Identification
Each file has a name which describes its contents. The name
includes the following structure which uniquely identifies it among
Mars Global Surveyor Radio Science products:
ydddhmmC.TPx
where
y is the least significant digit of the year
ddd is the day of year
h is a one character representation of the hour on which
data acquisition began (A = 00, B = 01, ... X = 23)
mm is the minute on which the occultation data
acquisition began (see note below for convention
when two acquisition systems began at the same
minute)
C is a single character denoting the version of the file
(first version is "A", second is "B", etc.)
"TP" identifies the file as containing a Radio Science
temperature pressure profile,
"x" indicates resolution
"S" standard resolution
"H" high resolution
Note: Some occultations may be captured by more than one ground
station with recording beginning at the same time. In
those cases the least significant digit of mm will be
modified as follows.
Least Significant Digit of "mm" for Coincident Files
First Data File Second Data File Third Data File
--------------- ---------------- ---------------
0 A K
1 B L
2 C M
3 D N
4 E O
5 F P
6 G Q
7 H R
8 I S
9 J T
2.4. Interface Medium Characteristics
RSTP products are electronic files.
2.5. Failure Protection, Detection, and Recovery Procedures
None.
2.6. End-of-File Conventions
End of file labeling complies with standards
3. Access
3.1. Programs Using the Interface
Data contained in RSTP files will be accessed by programs at the
home institutions of Mars Global Surveyor and other investigators.
Those programs cannot be identified here.
3.2. Synchronization Considerations
3.2.1. Timing and Sequencing Considerations
N/A
3.2.2. Effective Duration
N/A
3.2.3. Priority Interrupts
None.
3.3. Input/Output Protocols, Calling Sequences
None.
4. Detailed Interface Specifications
4.1. Structure and Organization Overview
The RSTP is a file generated by Radio Science data reduction
and analysis software at Stanford University. Each RSTP file is
accompanied by a detached PDS label.
4.2. Detached PDS Label
The detached PDS label has two parts -- a header and body.
The header contains information about the origin of the file and
its general characteristics such as record type and size. The
body is a complete bit-level definition of the RSTP file; it
includes object definitions for each component of the RSTP file.
Each detached PDS label is constructed of ASCII records;
each record contains exactly 80 characters. The last two characters
in each record are the carriage-return (ASCII 13) and line-feed
(ASCII 10) characters.
4.2.1 Label Header
The structure of the label file header is illustrated in
Figure 4-2. Keyword definitions are given below. An example of a
complete label file is given in Appendix B.
|====================================================================|
| |
| Figure 4-2. RSTP Label Header |
| |
|====================================================================|
| |
| PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 |
| RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH |
| RECORD_BYTES = 100 |
| FILE_RECORDS = nnn |
| ^RSTP_HDR_TABLE = ("ydddhmmC.TPx",1) |
| ^RSTP_TABLE = ("ydddhmmC.TPx",4) |
| INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR" |
| TARGET_NAME = "MARS" |
| INSTRUMENT_NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE SUBSYSTEM" |
| DATA_SET_ID = "MGS-M-RSS-5-SDP-Vn.m" |
| PRODUCT_ID = "ydddhmmC.TPx" |
| PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = YYYY-MM-DD |
| DESCRIPTION = "cccccccccccccccccc" |
| START_TIME = YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fffZ |
| STOP_TIME = YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fffZ |
| SOFTWARE_NAME = "ccccccc;Vn.m" |
| PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fffZ |
| PRODUCER_ID = "MGS RST" |
| |
|====================================================================|
PDS_VERSION_ID = The version of the Planetary Data System for
which these data have been prepared (set to
PDS3 by agreement between the Mars Global
Surveyor Project and PDS).
RECORD_TYPE = The type of record. Set to "FIXED_LENGTH"
to indicate that all logical records have
the same length.
RECORD_BYTES = The number of bytes per (fixed-length)
record. Set to "100" for the RSTP.
FILE_RECORDS = The number of records in the RSTP file;
instance dependent.
^RSTP_HDR_TABLE = File name and record number at which
RSTP_HDR_TABLE begins. The file naming
convention is defined in Section 2.3;
record number is 1.
^RSTP_TABLE = File name and record number at which
RSTP_TABLE begins. The file naming
convention is defined in Section 2.3;
record number is 4.
INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = Name of the spacecraft; set to
"MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR".
TARGET_NAME = A character string which identifies the
target body. For MGS RSTP files, the
character string "MARS".
INSTRUMENT_NAME = Name of the instrument; set to "RADIO
SCIENCE SUBSYSTEM".
DATA_SET_ID = Identifier for the data set of which this
RSTP product is a member. Set to "MGS-M-
RSS-5-SDP-Vn.m" for the RSTP, where "Vn.m"
indicates the version number of the data
set.
PRODUCT_ID = A unique identifier for the product within
the MGS RST collection of data sets. The
naming convention is defined in Section 2.3.
PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = The date at which the product may be
released by the Mars Global Surveyor Project
to the Planetary Data System; entered in the
format "YYYY-MM-DD", where components are
defined in Section 1.5.4.2.
DESCRIPTION = A short description of the RSTP product.
START_TIME = The Earth Receive Time at which the first
sample was acquired expressed in the format
"YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fff" where the
components are defined in Section 1.5.4.2.
STOP_TIME = The Earth Receive Time at which the last
sample was acquired expressed in the format
"YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.fff" where the
components are defined in Section 1.5.4.2.
SOFTWARE_NAME = The name and version number of the program
creating this RSTP file; expressed as a
character string in the format
"PROGRAM_NAME;n.mm" where "PROGRAM_NAME" is
the name of the software and "n.mm" is the
version number.
PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = The time at which this RSTP was created;
expressed in the format "YYYY-MM-
DDThh:mm:ss.fff" where the components are
defined in Section 1.5.4.2.
PRODUCER_ID = The entity responsible for creation of the
RSTP product; set to "MGS RST".
4.2.2 Label Body
The body of the PDS label completely defines both the format and
the content of the RSTP file. It is written as a pair of OBJECT
definitions -- one for the RSTP header table and one for the RSTP data
table. An example of a complete label is given in Appendix B. Since
the format and content of the RSTP file may vary over the course of the
MGS mission, users should always refer to the accompanying label for
current specifications of the RSTP file.
4.3. Data File
The RSTP data file contains atmospheric profile measurements
from one occultation event. It comprises two PDS TABLE objects --
one containing summary information for an occultation and the
other containing the temperature-pressure profile itself. The
structure and content of each RSTP file is defined by the accompanying
detached PDS label (see Section 4.2 and Appendix B). Note that the
format and content of the RSTP file may evolve over the course of the
MGS mission; users should always refer to the accompanying PDS label
for current format and content specifications.
Appendix A. Example RSTP Label
A.1 Example Label
The following is an example label for a Radio Science
Temperature Pressure (RSTP) file. In the next section, an example
data object is shown.
PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS
RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH
RECORD_BYTES = 100
FILE_RECORDS = 77
^RSTP_HDR_TABLE = ("8028D38A.TPS",1)
^RSTP_TABLE = ("8028D38A.TPS",4)
INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR"
TARGET_NAME = "MARS"
INSTRUMENT_NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE SUBSYSTEM"
DATA_SET_ID = "MGS-M-RSS-5-SDP-V1.0"
PRODUCT_ID = "8028D38A.TPS"
PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 1998-10-15
DESCRIPTION = "This file contains an atmospheric
temperature-pressure profile derived from MGS radio occultation
data. Raw samples of DSN receiver output were corrected for
observing conditions and converted to bending angle as a function
of impact parameter. These results were then inverted to refractive
index as a function of radius via an Abel transform. Number density
was obtained from refractive index using a conversion formula
appropriate to the composition of the atmosphere, which is known
from Viking measurements (T. Owen, The Composition and Early History
of the Atmosphere of Mars, in MARS, edited by H.H. Kieffer, B.M.
Jakosky, C.W. Snyder, and M.S. Matthews, pp. 818-834, Univ. of
Arizona Press, 1992). Pressure and temperature profiles were
derived by assuming hydrostatic balance and using the ideal gas
law. See Tyler et al. (J. Geophys Res., 97, 7759-7779, 1992) for
more details."
START_TIME = 1998-01-28T03:38:00Z
STOP_TIME = 1998-01-28T03:51:00Z
SOFTWARE_NAME = "TPS; V1.1"
PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 1998-10-06T00:52:24Z
PRODUCER_ID = "MGS RST"
OBJECT = RSTP_HDR_TABLE
ROWS = 1
COLUMNS = 29
ROW_BYTES = 300
INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII
DESCRIPTION = "The RSTP header contains ancillary data
associated with atmospheric temperature-pressure profiles. Each
header includes a single row of 29 data columns (293 total bytes),
5 ASCII blank characters to pad out the record, and an ASCII
carriage-return line-feed pair at the end."
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "START TIME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 1
DATA_TYPE = TIME
START_BYTE = 1
BYTES = 23
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "The Earth Receive Time at which
the first radio occultation data sample was acquired."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "STOP TIME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 2
DATA_TYPE = TIME
START_BYTE = 25
BYTES = 23
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "The Earth Receive Time at which
the last radio occultation data sample was acquired."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "OCCULTATION TIME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 3
DATA_TYPE = TIME
START_BYTE = 49
BYTES = 23
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "The time at Mars when the
geometrical ray path grazed the limb. This is computed
by subtracting the limb-to-Earth light time from the
appropriate Earth Receive Time."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "ORBIT NUMBER"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 4
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER
START_BYTE = 73
BYTES = 5
FORMAT = "I5"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "Orbit number from which the data
were acquired; set to zero if not known."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "DSN ANTENNA NUMBER"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 5
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER
START_BYTE = 79
BYTES = 2
FORMAT = "I2"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "Number of the DSN antenna used
to collect the data (e.g., 14, 43, 65, ...)."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "RAY PATH DIRECTION"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 6
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 82
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.1"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "The angle between local north
and the tangent to the ray path at the occultation point,
measured positive from local north toward local east. The
tangent to the ray path indicates the direction of signal
propagation. A signal traveling from west toward east as
it grazed the surface would have a ray-path-direction of
90 degrees."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "ANGLE FROM DIAMETRIC"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 7
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 89
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.1"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Angle at which the spacecraft
rises or sets behind the planet limb, measured clockwise from
the planet radial direction as viewed from Earth. An angle-
from-diametric equal to zero indicates a diametric occultation
with motion of the ray away from the surface (e.g., occultation
egress). A value near 180 degrees is a nearly diametric ingress
occultation."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "LATITUDE AT SURFACE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 8
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 96
BYTES = 7
FORMAT = "F7.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude of
the occultation point"
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA LATITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 9
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 104
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in LATITUDE AT SURFACE. This value also serves as an estimate
of the uncertainty in LATITUDE in RSTP_TABLE. Set to -9.999 if
not known."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "LONGITUDE AT SURFACE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 10
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 111
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "F8.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric east longitude of the
occultation point in body fixed coordinates."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA LONGITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 11
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 120
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in LONGITUDE AT SURFACE. This value also serves as an estimate
of the uncertainty in LONGITUDE in RSTP_TABLE. Set to -9.999 if
not known."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SUB-SOLAR LATITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 12
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 127
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.2"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude of
the sun at OCCULTATION TIME."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SUB-SOLAR LONGITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 13
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 134
BYTES = 7
FORMAT = "F7.2"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric east longitude of the
sun in body fixed coordinates at OCCULTATION TIME."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SOLAR LONGITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 14
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 142
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.2"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Value of the angle between the
Mars-Sun line at the time of geometric occultation and the
Mars-Sun line at the Mars vernal equinox. Measured positive
with increasing time following the vernal equinox. Sometimes
denoted L-sub-s."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "RADIUS AT SURFACE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 15
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 149
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "F8.0"
UNIT = "METER"
DESCRIPTION = "Radius of Mars at the occultation
point."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA RADIUS"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 16
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 158
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.0"
UNIT = "METER"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in RADIUS AT SURFACE. This value also serves as an estimate of
the uncertainty in RADIUS in RSTP_TABLE. Set to -9999. if not
known."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SURFACE PRESSURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 17
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 165
BYTES = 7
FORMAT = "F7.2"
UNIT = "PASCAL"
DESCRIPTION = "Atmospheric pressure at the
occultation point -- i.e., at the point defined by RADIUS AT
SURFACE, LATITUDE AT SURFACE, and LONGITUDE AT SURFACE.
Obtained by extrapolating from the lowest sample in the retrieved
atmospheric profile to the estimated RADIUS AT SURFACE."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA SURFACE PRESSURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 18
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 173
BYTES = 5
FORMAT = "F5.2"
UNIT = "PASCAL"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in SURFACE PRESSURE. Set to -9.99 if not known."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SPACECRAFT TO LIMB DISTANCE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 19
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 179
BYTES = 9
FORMAT = "E9.3"
UNIT = "METER"
DESCRIPTION = "Distance from spacecraft to
occultation point at time when ray path grazed planetary
surface."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SPACECRAFT TO DSN DISTANCE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 20
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 189
BYTES = 9
FORMAT = "E9.3"
UNIT = "METER"
DESCRIPTION = "Distance from spacecraft to DSN
receiving antenna at time when ray path grazed planetary
surface."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "LOCAL TRUE SOLAR TIME OF OCCULTATION"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 21
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 199
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.3"
UNIT = "HOUR"
DESCRIPTION = "Local true solar time (LTST) at the
time and location of the occultation measurement. LTST at the
sub-solar longitude is defined as 12 solar hours. LTST on other
meridians changes by one solar hour for each 15 degree increment
in longitude. Thus, LTST for the occultation measurement is
given by 12 + (LONGITUDE_AT_SURFACE - SUB-SOLAR_LONGITUDE)/15."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SOLAR ZENITH ANGLE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 22
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 206
BYTES = 6
FORMAT = "F6.2"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Angle between the direction to Sun
and local vertical direction on Mars at time and location of the
occultation measurement."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SUN-EARTH-SPACECRAFT ANGLE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 23
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 213
BYTES = 5
FORMAT = "F5.1"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Approximate angle between Sun and
spacecraft as viewed from Earth during experiment."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "DSN ELEVATION ANGLE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 24
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 219
BYTES = 5
FORMAT = "F5.1"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Approximate angle between
direction to spacecraft and local horizon at DSN receiving
antenna during experiment."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "GRAVITY FIELD MODEL"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 25
DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER
START_BYTE = 226
BYTES = 12
FORMAT = "A12"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "File name of gravity field spherical
harmonic model used in profile retrieval and calculation of
geopotential."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "GEOPOTENTIAL REFERENCE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 26
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 240
BYTES = 9
FORMAT = "F9.0"
UNIT = "METER SQUARED PER SECOND SQUARED"
DESCRIPTION = "Reference value for geopotential.
Reference geoid has mean equatorial radius of 3396 kilometers."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "PCK FILE NAME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 27
DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER
START_BYTE = 251
BYTES = 12
FORMAT = "A12"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "File name of the NAIF Planetary
Constants File used in this retrieval and calculation (name
of the PCK file as stored in the MGS RST data system)."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "TRAJECTORY FILE NAME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 28
DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER
START_BYTE = 266
BYTES = 12
FORMAT = "A12"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "File name of the spacecraft and
planetary ephemeris file used in this retrieval and calculation
(name of the file as stored in the MGS RST data system)."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SPACECRAFT ATTITUDE FILE NAME"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 29
DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER
START_BYTE = 281
BYTES = 12
FORMAT = "A12"
UNIT = "N/A"
DESCRIPTION = "File name of the spacecraft
attitude file used in this retrieval and calculation (name
of the file as stored in the MGS RST data system). Left
blank if not known or no attitude file was used."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
END_OBJECT = RSTP_HDR_TABLE
OBJECT = RSTP_TABLE
ROWS = 74
COLUMNS = 10
ROW_BYTES = 100
INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII
DESCRIPTION = "Table contains radio science atmospheric
temperature-pressure profile. Each row in the table contains
data for 10 columns, delimited by ASCII commas (98 bytes total);
the final two positions are occupied by an ASCII carriage-return
and an ASCII line-feed."
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "RADIUS"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 1
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 1
BYTES = 9
FORMAT = "F9.1"
UNIT = "METER"
DESCRIPTION = "Measurement radius."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "LATITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 2
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 11
BYTES = 7
FORMAT = "F7.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude of
measurement."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "LONGITUDE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 3
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 19
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "F8.3"
UNIT = "DEGREE"
POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"
DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (east) longitude of
measurement in body fixed coordinates."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "GEOPOTENTIAL"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 4
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 28
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "F8.0"
UNIT = "METER SQUARED PER SECOND SQUARED"
DESCRIPTION = "Geopotential at measurement location
(RADIUS, LATITUDE, LONGITUDE). A reference value (GEOPOTENTIAL
REFERENCE in RSTP_HEADER_TABLE) has been subtracted."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "PRESSURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 5
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 37
BYTES = 11
FORMAT = "E11.5"
UNIT = "PASCAL"
DESCRIPTION = "Atmospheric pressure at RADIUS."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA PRESSURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 6
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 49
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "E8.2"
UNIT = "PASCAL"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in PRESSURE."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "TEMPERATURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 7
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 58
BYTES = 11
FORMAT = "E11.5"
UNIT = "KELVIN"
DESCRIPTION = "Atmospheric temperature at RADIUS."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA TEMPERATURE"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 8
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 70
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "E8.2"
UNIT = "KELVIN"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in TEMPERATURE."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "NUMBER DENSITY"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 9
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 79
BYTES = 11
FORMAT = "E11.5"
UNIT = "1 PER CUBIC METER"
DESCRIPTION = "Molecular number density of the
atmosphere at RADIUS."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
OBJECT = COLUMN
NAME = "SIGMA NUMBER DENSITY"
COLUMN_NUMBER = 10
DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL
START_BYTE = 91
BYTES = 8
FORMAT = "E8.2"
UNIT = "1 PER CUBIC METER"
DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty
in NUMBER DENSITY."
END_OBJECT = COLUMN
END_OBJECT = RSTP_TABLE
END
A.2 Example Data Object
An example RSTP data object corresponding to the label example
in Section A.1 is shown below. Lines are wrapped after column 69; that
is, the RSTP_TABLE has columns 1-7 on the first line and columns 8-10
on the second.
1998-01-28T03:38:00.000,1998-01-28T03:51:00.000,1998-01-28T03:30:14.3
24, 0,43, 117.7, 103.7, 29.213,-9.999, 56.774,-9.999,-25.05, 150.
87,264.08,3392207.,-9999., 594.23, 7.25,6.129E+06,3.325E+11, 5.727,10
5.35, 24.2, 66.4,"GGM50A02.SHA",12652778.,"PCK3223A.TPC","8027036A.SP
K"," "
3392456.6, 29.189, 56.764, 1285.,5.79820E+02,7.16E+00,1.98138E+02,
1.85E+00,2.11953E+23,6.64E+20
3392762.0, 29.161, 56.751, 2392.,5.63307E+02,7.11E+00,2.02402E+02,
1.91E+00,2.01578E+23,6.64E+20
3393162.8, 29.133, 56.738, 3852.,5.42529E+02,7.04E+00,2.04364E+02,
1.97E+00,1.92280E+23,6.64E+20
3393567.2, 29.104, 56.725, 5326.,5.22518E+02,6.97E+00,2.05746E+02,
2.03E+00,1.83944E+23,6.64E+20
3394004.7, 29.076, 56.711, 6922.,5.01769E+02,6.90E+00,2.06440E+02,
2.09E+00,1.76045E+23,6.64E+20
3394431.7, 29.048, 56.698, 8479.,4.82426E+02,6.83E+00,2.07600E+02,
2.15E+00,1.68313E+23,6.64E+20
3394854.9, 29.020, 56.684, 10021.,4.64079E+02,6.75E+00,2.08697E+02,
2.21E+00,1.61061E+23,6.64E+20
3395282.5, 28.991, 56.671, 11579.,4.46327E+02,6.68E+00,2.09212E+02,
2.27E+00,1.54518E+23,6.64E+20
3395735.6, 28.963, 56.658, 13232.,4.28259E+02,6.60E+00,2.09082E+02,
2.32E+00,1.48355E+23,6.64E+20
3396182.8, 28.935, 56.644, 14862.,4.11155E+02,6.53E+00,2.09550E+02,
2.38E+00,1.42113E+23,6.64E+20
3396620.2, 28.907, 56.631, 16455.,3.95160E+02,6.45E+00,2.10335E+02,
2.45E+00,1.36075E+23,6.64E+20
3397062.3, 28.879, 56.618, 18065.,3.79657E+02,6.38E+00,2.10731E+02,
2.51E+00,1.30490E+23,6.64E+20
3397512.3, 28.851, 56.605, 19705.,3.64529E+02,6.30E+00,2.10766E+02,
2.57E+00,1.25270E+23,6.64E+20
3397963.9, 28.823, 56.591, 21349.,3.49945E+02,6.22E+00,2.10639E+02,
2.63E+00,1.20330E+23,6.64E+20
3398423.2, 28.795, 56.578, 23022.,3.35691E+02,6.15E+00,2.10387E+02,
2.69E+00,1.15567E+23,6.64E+20
3398874.3, 28.767, 56.565, 24664.,3.22261E+02,6.07E+00,2.10305E+02,
2.76E+00,1.10987E+23,6.64E+20
3399340.7, 28.738, 56.551, 26363.,3.08915E+02,5.99E+00,2.09748E+02,
2.82E+00,1.06673E+23,6.64E+20
3399801.6, 28.710, 56.538, 28040.,2.96259E+02,5.91E+00,2.09771E+02,
2.89E+00,1.02292E+23,6.63E+20
3400255.5, 28.682, 56.525, 29691.,2.84311E+02,5.84E+00,2.09832E+02,
2.96E+00,9.81376E+22,6.62E+20
3400725.1, 28.654, 56.511, 31400.,2.72445E+02,5.76E+00,2.09241E+02,
3.02E+00,9.43075E+22,6.60E+20
3401190.4, 28.626, 56.498, 33092.,2.61159E+02,5.68E+00,2.09068E+02,
3.10E+00,9.04756E+22,6.59E+20
3401655.9, 28.598, 56.485, 34785.,2.50326E+02,5.60E+00,2.08884E+02,
3.17E+00,8.67989E+22,6.57E+20
3402126.8, 28.570, 56.471, 36497.,2.39814E+02,5.52E+00,2.08690E+02,
3.25E+00,8.32314E+22,6.56E+20
3402589.9, 28.542, 56.458, 38180.,2.29911E+02,5.45E+00,2.08727E+02,
3.32E+00,7.97804E+22,6.54E+20
3403066.0, 28.514, 56.445, 39910.,2.20142E+02,5.37E+00,2.07998E+02,
3.39E+00,7.66583E+22,6.52E+20
3403550.2, 28.486, 56.432, 41670.,2.10611E+02,5.29E+00,2.07897E+02,
3.48E+00,7.33749E+22,6.51E+20
3404016.8, 28.458, 56.419, 43365.,2.01858E+02,5.21E+00,2.09666E+02,
3.57E+00,6.97319E+22,6.49E+20
3404474.1, 28.430, 56.406, 45024.,1.93703E+02,5.13E+00,2.11517E+02,
3.66E+00,6.63290E+22,6.48E+20
3404941.0, 28.402, 56.392, 46719.,1.85760E+02,5.06E+00,2.11831E+02,
3.74E+00,6.35149E+22,6.46E+20
3405420.9, 28.374, 56.379, 48461.,1.77928E+02,4.98E+00,2.10968E+02,
3.82E+00,6.10860E+22,6.45E+20
3405903.3, 28.346, 56.366, 50212.,1.70356E+02,4.90E+00,2.10230E+02,
3.89E+00,5.86917E+22,6.43E+20
3406383.3, 28.318, 56.353, 51953.,1.63129E+02,4.83E+00,2.10029E+02,
3.97E+00,5.62558E+22,6.42E+20
3406860.2, 28.290, 56.340, 53683.,1.56249E+02,4.75E+00,2.09952E+02,
4.06E+00,5.39026E+22,6.40E+20
3407340.0, 28.262, 56.327, 55423.,1.49613E+02,4.67E+00,2.09201E+02,
4.13E+00,5.17989E+22,6.38E+20
3407828.4, 28.234, 56.313, 57194.,1.43114E+02,4.59E+00,2.07859E+02,
4.21E+00,4.98686E+22,6.37E+20
3408310.6, 28.206, 56.300, 58941.,1.36944E+02,4.52E+00,2.06824E+02,
4.29E+00,4.79572E+22,6.35E+20
3408806.2, 28.178, 56.287, 60738.,1.30839E+02,4.44E+00,2.05176E+02,
4.36E+00,4.61876E+22,6.33E+20
3409291.4, 28.151, 56.274, 62496.,1.25106E+02,4.36E+00,2.05160E+02,
4.45E+00,4.41671E+22,6.32E+20
3409772.7, 28.123, 56.261, 64239.,1.19666E+02,4.29E+00,2.04886E+02,
4.54E+00,4.23033E+22,6.30E+20
3410266.2, 28.095, 56.248, 66026.,1.14309E+02,4.21E+00,2.03308E+02,
4.61E+00,4.07230E+22,6.28E+20
3410756.5, 28.067, 56.235, 67801.,1.09194E+02,4.13E+00,2.02272E+02,
4.70E+00,3.91002E+22,6.27E+20
3411248.8, 28.039, 56.222, 69583.,1.04262E+02,4.06E+00,2.00931E+02,
4.78E+00,3.75832E+22,6.25E+20
3411748.1, 28.011, 56.209, 71390.,9.94598E+01,3.98E+00,1.99796E+02,
4.86E+00,3.60557E+22,6.23E+20
3412235.9, 27.983, 56.196, 73154.,9.49744E+01,3.90E+00,2.00283E+02,
4.96E+00,3.43460E+22,6.22E+20
3412726.3, 27.955, 56.183, 74928.,9.06730E+01,3.83E+00,1.99791E+02,
5.05E+00,3.28712E+22,6.20E+20
3413225.8, 27.927, 56.170, 76734.,8.64727E+01,3.75E+00,1.98357E+02,
5.14E+00,3.15751E+22,6.18E+20
3413722.2, 27.899, 56.157, 78528.,8.24734E+01,3.68E+00,1.97893E+02,
5.23E+00,3.01854E+22,6.16E+20
3414215.6, 27.872, 56.144, 80311.,7.86738E+01,3.60E+00,1.97511E+02,
5.33E+00,2.88505E+22,6.15E+20
3414713.0, 27.844, 56.131, 82108.,7.50019E+01,3.53E+00,1.95742E+02,
5.41E+00,2.77525E+22,6.13E+20
3415222.0, 27.816, 56.118, 83947.,7.13862E+01,3.45E+00,1.93459E+02,
5.49E+00,2.67263E+22,6.11E+20
3415719.4, 27.788, 56.105, 85743.,6.80042E+01,3.38E+00,1.93571E+02,
5.60E+00,2.54454E+22,6.09E+20
3416223.5, 27.760, 56.092, 87563.,6.47411E+01,3.31E+00,1.93411E+02,
5.70E+00,2.42445E+22,6.08E+20
3416722.1, 27.733, 56.079, 89363.,6.16766E+01,3.23E+00,1.94964E+02,
5.82E+00,2.29128E+22,6.06E+20
3417216.0, 27.705, 56.066, 91145.,5.88082E+01,3.16E+00,1.96153E+02,
5.94E+00,2.17149E+22,6.04E+20
3417723.8, 27.677, 56.054, 92976.,5.59953E+01,3.09E+00,1.94772E+02,
6.03E+00,2.08228E+22,6.02E+20
3418224.0, 27.649, 56.041, 94780.,5.33470E+01,3.02E+00,1.94507E+02,
6.14E+00,1.98650E+22,6.00E+20
3418733.1, 27.621, 56.028, 96616.,5.07640E+01,2.94E+00,1.92441E+02,
6.23E+00,1.91061E+22,5.99E+20
3419240.9, 27.593, 56.015, 98446.,4.82969E+01,2.87E+00,1.91781E+02,
6.34E+00,1.82401E+22,5.97E+20
3419742.2, 27.566, 56.002, 100252.,4.59730E+01,2.80E+00,1.91323E+02,
6.45E+00,1.74040E+22,5.95E+20
3420256.1, 27.538, 55.989, 102104.,4.36860E+01,2.73E+00,1.88137E+02,
6.54E+00,1.68183E+22,5.93E+20
3420764.5, 27.510, 55.977, 103935.,4.15100E+01,2.66E+00,1.86524E+02,
6.66E+00,1.61187E+22,5.91E+20
3421277.1, 27.482, 55.964, 105781.,3.94039E+01,2.59E+00,1.84099E+02,
6.77E+00,1.55025E+22,5.89E+20
3421786.2, 27.455, 55.951, 107614.,3.73907E+01,2.52E+00,1.81448E+02,
6.89E+00,1.49254E+22,5.88E+20
3422309.9, 27.427, 55.938, 109499.,3.53931E+01,2.45E+00,1.77442E+02,
6.99E+00,1.44470E+22,5.86E+20
3422820.7, 27.399, 55.925, 111336.,3.35341E+01,2.39E+00,1.78832E+02,
7.21E+00,1.35817E+22,5.84E+20
3423331.3, 27.371, 55.913, 113173.,3.17895E+01,2.32E+00,1.80672E+02,
7.45E+00,1.27440E+22,5.82E+20
3423839.4, 27.344, 55.900, 115000.,3.01554E+01,2.25E+00,1.81390E+02,
7.69E+00,1.20411E+22,5.80E+20
3424358.9, 27.316, 55.887, 116867.,2.85623E+01,2.19E+00,1.78534E+02,
7.86E+00,1.15874E+22,5.78E+20
3424876.5, 27.288, 55.875, 118727.,2.70458E+01,2.12E+00,1.77794E+02,
8.11E+00,1.10178E+22,5.76E+20
3425392.9, 27.261, 55.862, 120583.,2.56089E+01,2.06E+00,1.77747E+02,
8.41E+00,1.04353E+22,5.74E+20
3425911.9, 27.233, 55.849, 122447.,2.42433E+01,2.00E+00,1.78016E+02,
8.76E+00,9.86385E+21,5.72E+20
3426427.6, 27.205, 55.837, 124299.,2.29650E+01,1.94E+00,1.79529E+02,
9.19E+00,9.26501E+21,5.70E+20
3426947.8, 27.177, 55.824, 126166.,2.17498E+01,1.87E+00,1.79600E+02,
9.56E+00,8.77129E+21,5.68E+20
3427466.4, 27.150, 55.811, 128028.,2.06034E+01,1.81E+00,1.80000E+02,
1.00E+01,8.29050E+21,5.66E+20
Appendix B. RSTP Processing Program Definitions
Signal power varies continuously from the free-space level
to zero during a radio occultation (Figure B-1). The raw signature
may include diffraction effects (e.g., D in Figure B-1), which can
be removed using knowledge of the observation geometry.
We define the Occultation Time to be the time (at Mars) when
the geometrical ray path grazes the limb. This is computed by
subtracting the light-time between the limb and the Earth receiving
station from the Earth Receive Time at which the received signal
voltage is 50 percent of its free space value (after adjustment for
refractive defocusing by Mars' atmosphere). Signal power is 25
percent of its free space value at the Occultation Time (T in Figure
B-1).
The Occultation Point is the point on Mars' surface where the
grazing ray path is tangent at the Occultation Time. It has
coordinates of areocentric fixed-body latitude and (east) longitude
and a height above a 3393.4 km reference sphere.
|
| signal plus noise
O | ( free space) D
U |_________________________/\
R T | \
E P | \
C U | \
E T | \
I | \
V P | \
E O | \ T
R W | \/
E | \
R | \ noise level
| \____________________
|
|___________________________________________________________
TIME
Figure B-1. Time variation of signal power during an ingress
radio occultation.
A plan view of the region where the occultation occurs is shown
in Figure B-2. The ray path at the Occultation Time is indicated by
the dashed line. Raypath Direction is the angle measured from local
north through east to the outgoing ray vector.
^ local
| north
|
|
|
occultation | .
point | .
\ | .
\| . from spacecraft
<-------------------------------------------------
to Earth ^ | .
. | .
. | . raypath
. | . direction
|
|
|
Figure B-2. Definition of Raypath Direction (angle). Plan view.
As viewed from Earth, the ray path appears to move away from
the Occultation Point during an egress occultation; it moves inward
during an ingress occultation. If the direction of motion is
indicated by a "ray path motion" vector, the angle between this
vector and the position vector of the Occultation Point can be
defined as the Angle from Diametric (A in Figure B-3).
radial
/
/
. /
. / A
/ _ _ _ _ _ _ _> raypath motion
| .
| .
occultation .
point .
.
/
/ .
surface ___.
.
.
Figure B-3. Definition of Angle from Diametric (A).
View from Earth