PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = STREAM LABEL_REVISION_NOTE = " 2017-06-20 NAIF:Semenov initial version; 2017-08-25 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2017-12-11 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; updated CK section for MOB temperature-based and connection CKs; 2018-03-21 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2018-07-12 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2018-10-23 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2019-02-08 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2019-05-22 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; 2019-09-04 NAIF:Semenov updated STOP_TIME; " OBJECT = DATA_SET DATA_SET_ID = "JNO-J/E/SS-SPICE-6-V1.0" OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION DATA_SET_NAME = "JUNO SPICE KERNELS V1.0" DATA_SET_TERSE_DESC = " Navigation and ancillary data in the form of SPICE System kernel files for the JUNO spacecraft. " ABSTRACT_DESC = " This data set includes the complete set of JUNO SPICE data files (``kernel files''), which can be accessed using SPICE software. The SPICE data contain geometric and other ancillary information needed to recover the full value of science instrument data. In particular SPICE kernels provide spacecraft and planetary ephemerides, instrument mounting alignments, spacecraft orientation, and data needed for relevant time conversions. " CITATION_DESC = " B.V. Semenov, and C.H. Acton, JUNO SPICE KERNELS V1.0, JNO-J/E/SS-SPICE-6-V1.0, NASA Planetary Data System, 2017. " DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = "N" START_TIME = 2011-08-05T17:18:06 STOP_TIME = 2019-02-13T23:59:59 DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 2017-06-20 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "BORIS V. SEMENOV" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "SPICE KERNEL" DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = "Y" DATA_SET_DESC = " Data Set Overview ================= This data set includes the complete set of JUNO SPICE data files (``kernel files''), which can be accessed using SPICE software. The SPICE data contain geometric and other ancillary information needed to recover the full value of science instrument data. In particular SPICE kernels provide spacecraft and planetary ephemerides, instrument mounting alignments, spacecraft orientation, and data needed for relevant time conversions. This data set is contained on a single virtual volume, JNOSP_1000, including data from all mission phases and covering from launch through the end time of the latest spacecraft attitude file supplied in the data set. Until the end of the spacecraft lifespan this data set is accumulating with new data added approximately every three to six months. Data Types (SPICE kernel types) =============================== SPK kernels contain ephemerides for spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and asteroids as well as for moving or fixed spacecraft and instrument structures. They provide position and velocity, given in a Cartesian reference frame. SPK files are located under the ``data/spk'' directory of this data set. PCK kernels contain certain physical, dynamical and cartographic constants for target bodies, such as size and shape specifications, and orientation of the spin axis and prime meridian. PCK files are located under the ``data/pck'' directory of this data set. IK kernels (Instrument description kernels) give descriptive and operational data peculiar to a particular scientific instrument, such as internal timing relative to the spacecraft clock and field-of-view model parameters. IK files are located under the ``data/ik'' directory of this data set. CK kernels describe pointing, containing a transformation traditionally called the C-matrix which is used to determine time-tagged pointing (orientation) angles for a spacecraft structure upon which science instruments are mounted. CK files are located under the ``data/ck'' directory of this data set. EK (Events) kernels are derived from the integrated sequence of events used to produce actual spacecraft commands. EK files are located under the ``data/ek'' directory of this data set. LSK (Leapseconds) kernels contain the leapseconds and the values of other constants required to perform a transformation between Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and Ephemeris time (ET). LSK files are located under the ``data/lsk'' directory of this data set. SCLK (Spacecraft Clock) kernels contain on-board clock calibration data required to perform a mapping between Ephemeris time (ET) and spacecraft on-board time (SCLK). SCLK files are located under the ``data/sclk'' directory of this data set. FK (Frame Definitions) kernels contain information required to define reference frames, sources of frame orientation data and connections between these frames and other frames supported within the SPICE system. This includes mounting alignment information for each instrument. FK files are located under the ``data/fk'' directory of this data set. Kernel File Details =================== A brief overview of the different types of JUNO kernels included in this data set is provided in the CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE section of this file while details specific to individual files are found in the ``*info.txt'' files in the corresponding data directory. The most detailed description of the data in each file is provided in metadata included inside the file -- in the description area of text kernels or in the comment area of binary kernels. Software ======== The SPICE Toolkit contains software modules needed to read SPICE kernel files. SPICE software is highly documented via internal headers. Additional documentation is available in separate ASCII text files called Required Reading files. For example, the S- and P- Kernel (SPK) Required Reading File, named SPK.REQ, describes use of the SPK kernel file readers and contains sample programs. The latest SPICE Toolkit for a variety of computer platforms such as PC, Mac, SUN, etc. is available at the NAIF Node of PDS electronically (via anonymous FTP and WWW servers). Refer to information in ``software/softinfo.txt'' for details regarding obtaining this software. Each version of the Toolkit is also archived at the NASA National Space Science Data Center. Loading Kernel Files into a SPICE-based Application =================================================== The easiest way to make data from a collection of SPICE kernels available to a SPICE-based application is to list these kernels in a meta-kernel and load it into the program using the high level SPICE data loader routine FURNSH. This data set provides such meta-kernel(s) under the ``extras/mk'' directory. For more information about the JUNO meta-kernel(s), see the file ``extras/mk/mkinfo.txt''. " CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " This data set contains SPICE kernel files created during mission operations and after mission data reconstruction and analysis. Some general information about this collection follows here, but the prospective user is also referred to extensive descriptions about each file that are stored inside each kernel file. These metadata provide detailed information regarding the information source from which the data were derived, the type of processing applied to the source data, applicability of the data, etc. Metadata are located in the ``comment area'' for binary kernel types (SPK, CK, ESQ), accessible using either the COMMNT or SPACIT utility program found in the NAIF Toolkit. Metadata are located after ``\begintext'' markers within the text kernel types (PCK, IK, FK, LSK, SCLK, MK), accessible by using any available text file display tool such as a word processor, text editor, or the unix ``more'' or ``cat'' commands. Where there are questions about data accuracy or ``confidence'' not addressed herein the reader is invited to contact the NAIF node of the Planetary Data System for possible further information. SPK Files ========= SPK files contain ephemerides for spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and asteroids as well as for moving or fixed spacecraft and instrument structures. Three kinds of SPK files are provided in this archive: SPK files for the spacecraft orbit, SPK files for the Solar System planets and satellites, and SPK files for the relative locations of selected spacecraft structures. The spacecraft orbit SPK files contain the reconstructed spacecraft trajectory determined by the JUNO Navigation (NAV) Team, JPL. The informal 1-sigma uncertainty for the JUNO spacecraft reconstruction during cruise is on the order of 25 kilometers while the informal 1-sigma uncertainty for the JUNO spacecraft reconstruction during perijove passes is on the order 1 kilometer. This data set also includes the orbit number files generated during the mission using the NAIF's ORBNUM utility program. These files are not SPICE kernels; for this reason they are provided in the ``extras/orbnum'' directory. For more information about the JUNO orbit number files, see the file ``extras/orbnum/orbinfo.txt''. The DE436 planetary ephemeris SPK file included in this data set contains ephemeris data for the Solar System planet barycenters, Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Moon. The JUP310 SPK file included in this data set contain ephemeris data for the eight largest Jovian satellites. These versions of ephemerides were officially used by the project during mission operations. The accuracy information for these ephemerides is provided in the memos released with this data by the Solar System Dynamics (SSD) group, JPL. The JUNO structures SPK file included in this archive provides relative locations of the High Gain Antenna (HGA) and MAG sensors. The data included in the file are based of the dimensions from the spacecraft engineering drawings. More information about JUNO SPK files is available in the file ``data/spk/spkinfo.txt''. CK Files ======== CK files provide time-varying orientation data for the spacecraft, and its structures and science instruments. Seven kinds of C-kernel files are provided in this archive: the reconstructed spacecraft bus (SC) orientation CKs; the low- accuracy reconstructed SC orientation CKs; the MAG Advanced Stellar Compass (ASC) Camera Head Units (CHU) and Magnetometer Optical Benches (MOB) reconstructed, inertially referenced attitude CKs; the MAG ASC CHU and MOB averaged alignment, spacecraft frame referenced CKs; the MAG MOB temperature-based alignment, spacecraft frame referenced CKs; the MAG MOB fixed alignment, spacecraft frame referenced CKs; and the merged UVS reconstructed orientation CKs. The reconstructed spacecraft bus orientation CKs were created by NAIF from reconstructed attitude products (ATT_RECON DRFs) generated by the Spacecraft Team, LMCO by post-processing on the ground the attitude data from engineering telemetry. As reported by the Spacecraft team, the attitude reconstruction accuracy as applies to the reconstructed attitude quaternions in the ATT_RECON DRFs, inside of PJ-14 hours to PJ+4 hours is 0.41 mrad per axis, 3-sigma (note that long star outages could affect this); outside perijove time periods -- 1.0 mrad per axis, 3-sigma, excluding any precessions activities, including repoints and large precessions (e.g., to/from MWR attitudes) and any delta-v maneuver activity (TCM, DSM, JOI, OTM, BTM, APO, BPO, STM, etc); for the remainder of the time -- during any precession or delta-v maneuver activity the errors can be much larger due to thruster pulsing and nutation (based on maneuver performance up to Jun 2017, accuracy is probably within 3 mrad/axis during these delta-v maneuvers) and during precessions (and repoints) the errors depend upon the size of the precession. The angular momentum vector accuracy, as applies to the specific angular momentum vectors in the ATT_RECON DRFs, is 0.15 mrad total angle, 3-sigma, excluding any precessions activities (repoints and large precessions, e.g., to/from MWR attitudes) and any delta-v maneuver activity (TCM, DSM, JOI, OTM, BTM, APO, BPO, STM, etc); for the remainder of the time -- during any precession or delta-v maneuver activity the errors can be much larger due to thruster pulsing, which affect the angular momentum vector suddenly and significantly while the available telemetry is not sufficient to reconstruct these sudden shifts. The low-accuracy reconstructed spacecraft bus orientation CKs were created by NAIF from low-frequency channelized attitude telemetry. They are provided only for anomaly periods not covered by the reconstructed spacecraft CKs. During these periods the attitude provided by these low-accuracy CKs is good to 0.1-0.25 degrees for ``quiet'' intervals with relatively dense data points but has errors of many tens of degrees during spacecraft attitude maneuvers (spin-ups, precession re-pointings, etc) and during intervals with very sparse attitude data points (points spaced hours or even days apart). The reconstructed MAG ASC CHU/MOB CKs were created by NAIF from CHU channelized telemetry. They provide inertially referenced orientation for each of the four CHUs (A, B, C, and D) and two MOBs (in-board and out-board). The accuracy and coverage of the attitude stored in these CKs varies depending on downlinked data frequency and CHU performance. When used in MAG data processing these CKs occasionally introduce unfavorable oscillating signatures. The averaged alignment, spacecraft frame referenced MAG ASC CHU/MOB CKs were created by NAIF by differencing comparing inertially referenced spacecraft and CHU/MOB orientations provided in their corresponding reconstructed CKs. The time-varying CHU and MOB alignments eliminate oscillating signatures seen when using the reconstructed MAG ASC CHU/MOB CKs but due to the simplistic approach used to derive them might introduce show changing biases in the inertially referenced MAG attitude solutions. It is possible that better alignment CKs resulting from more sophisticated modeling and superseding these CKs will be added to the data set in a later release. The temperature-based alignment, spacecraft frame referenced MAG MOB CKs were created by the MAG Team, GSFC using the DTU solar array thermal distortion model. These CKs, more accurate than the averaged alignment CKs but covering only few day periods around perijoves, were used by the MAG Team to process their perijove data. The fixed alignment, spacecraft frame referenced MAG MOB CKs were created by NAIF. These CKs do not contain actual alignment data. Instead they contain zero-offset ``connection'' segments providing access to fixed alignment data stored in the FK. Together with the FK these CKs allow computing MAG sensors orientation accurate to better than 0.5 milliradian between perijoves but are in error of more than one milliradian around perijoves. These CKs were used by the MAG Team to process their data between perijoves. The merged UVS reconstructed orientation CKs provide actual telemetry-based orientation of the JUNO UVS instrument observation frame. They were created by NAIF by merging individual UVS CKs produced by the UVS Team, SWRI. More information about JUNO CK files is available in the file ``data/ck/ckinfo.txt''. PCK Files ========= PCK files provide size, shape and orientation data for ``target'' bodies such as Jupiter, Europa, and Earth. A description of these data items and reference to their source is provided inside the PCK file, which is a simple text file that can be viewed using any word processor, text editor or text display utility. The generic PCK file included in this data set is based on the IAU/IAG/COSPAR values accepted in 2009. More information about the PCK files included in this data set is available in the file ``data/pck/pckinfo.txt''. FK Files ======== Frames kernel files provide definitions of the reference frames specifying their names, types, and relationships to other frames. The JUNO mission FK file provided in this data set contains the complete set of frame definitions for the spacecraft, its structures such as solar array and antennas, and all of its science instruments. Meta information provided in the comments included in this file consists of the frame definitions, description of the frame relationships, source of and accuracy of the mounting alignment information, etc. More information about the JUNO FK files is available in the file ``data/fk/fkinfo.txt''. IK Files ======== Instrument kernel files provide specifications for geometric parameters and--where applicable--field-of-view size, shape and orientation for the named instruments. Metadata describing these estimates are provided in each IK file included in this archive. Parameter values were determined from pre-launch measurements, instrument parameters specification documents, and in some cases from analysis of in-flight calibration data. The accuracy estimates for these data vary from instrument to instrument and, where available, are included in the IK internal comments. This data set includes IK files for all instruments on the JUNO spacecraft. Because the sets of geometric parameters included in the IKs vary from instrument to instrument users are encouraged to carefully examine the IKs before using them. More information about JUNO IK files is available in the file ``data/ik/ikinfo.txt''. SCLK Files ========== Spacecraft Clock kernel files provide a tabulation of data needed for converting time measurements between ephemeris time (ET) and spacecraft clock time (SCLK). The JUNO SPICE SCLK files were made from similar files--SCLK/SCET files, or SCLKvSCET files--produced by another mission entity. Each newly made SCLK file fully replaces the previous SCLK file. For JUNO, the time correlation accuracy provided in the SCLK kernel files for the Jupiter orbital operations time period is informally reported to be better than 10-20 milliseconds. SPICE software does not prohibit an SCLK file from being used for time conversions occurring for ``future times'' (or more accurately, for epochs that occur later than the epoch of the last telemetry data used in producing the last correlation coefficients found in the SCLK file). Such ``predict'' time conversions are likely to be inaccurate (changed somewhat) once the epoch of interest has been passed. More information about the JUNO SCLK files is available in the file ``data/sclk/sclkinfo.txt''. LSK Files ========= Leapseconds kernel files provide a tabulation of ``leapseconds'' and some other terms used in converting time measurements between ephemeris time (ET) and Universal Time (UTC). ``Spacecraft Event Time'' (SCET) is the commonly used name for UTC events measured at the spacecraft. Metadata describing how the LSK data are obtained or computed is contained inside the LSK text file. The time conversion provided by SPICE LSK files is accurate to approximately 0.000030 seconds. More information about the LSK files is available in the file ``data/lsk/lskinfo.txt''. EK Files ======== The JUNO project did not produce any EK files; therefore, no EKs are included in this data set. " END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION MISSION_NAME = JUNO END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = JUPITER END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = JNO INSTRUMENT_ID = SPICE END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "ACTON1994" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION END_OBJECT = DATA_SET END