PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 LABEL_REVISION_NOTE = "M.R. SHOWALTER, 1999-10-05, 2021-02-08" RECORD_TYPE = STREAM OBJECT = DATA_SET DATA_SET_ID = "HST-S-WFPC2-3-RPX-V1.1" OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION DATA_SET_NAME = "HST SATURN WFPC2 3 RING PLANE CROSSING V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = {IMAGE, TABLE} START_TIME = 1994-10-01T00:00:00 STOP_TIME = 1995-12-01T00:00:00 DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 2021-02-08 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "MARK R. SHOWALTER" DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = N ARCHIVE_STATUS = "LOCALLY ARCHIVED" DATA_SET_TERSE_DESC = "images of Saturn's atmosphere, rings and inner moons acquired by the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2. The images were acquired during the period October 1994 through November 1995, spanning the period of the ring plane crossings of 1995." CITATION_DESC = "UNK" ABSTRACT_DESC = "UNK" DATA_SET_DESC = " Data Set Overview ================= This data set contains images of the Saturn system taken by the Wide Field/Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) through November 1995. This period includes all images taken during the Saturn ring plane crossings of 1995. (No WFPC2 images of Saturn were obtained during the last ring plane crossing in February 1996 because Saturn was too close to the Sun.) Every WFPC2 image showing Saturn, its rings or the region of the inner satellites has been included in this data set, regardless of the original intended purpose. Note that some images were not specifically intended for ring or inner satellite observations and so are not optimally exposed for this use. The HST observing programs whose results are included in this data set are as follows: Proposal: 5219 Title: Saturn's Aurora, Airglow, and Extended Atmosphere PI: John Trauger (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Proposal: 5508 Title: Tracking Features in Titan's Lower Atmosphere and on its Surface PI: Peter Smith (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory) Proposal: 5776 Title: Observations of the 1994 Spot on Saturn PI: Reta Beebe (New Mexico State University) Proposal: 5782 Title: Saturn Ring-Plane Crossing, May 1995 PI: Amanda Bosh (Lowell Observatory) Proposal: 5824 Title: Occultation of GSC5249-01240 by Saturn: Atmospheric and Ring Studies PI: Amanda Bosh (Lowell Observatory) Proposal: 5836 Title: Saturn Ring Plane Crossing Observations in August and November 1995 PI: Philip Nicholson (Cornell University) Proposal: 6030 Title: Clouds and Aerosols on Saturn and Uranus PI: Martin Tomasko (Lunar and Planetary Lab) Proposal: 6215 Title: Saturn's Aurora and Airglow PI: John Trauger (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Proposal: 6216 Title: Saturn's Ring Atmosphere during Ring Plane Crossing PI: John Trauger (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Proposal: 6295 Title: Imaging the Atmosphere of Titan and its Surface PI: John Caldwell (York University) Proposal: 6328 Title: Imaging and Spatial Scans of Saturn Near Ring-Plane Crossing PI: John Caldwell (York University) In the specific case of the Titan proposals 5508 and 6295, some images show Titan but not Saturn or its rings. These particular images have not been archived in this data set; however, they are obtainable from the HST Data Archive at: http://archive.stsci.edu/ Files are distributed across this set of five CDROMs roughly chronologically, as follows: Volume Directory Proposal Dates # Images RPX_0001 199410XX/U2IQXXXX 5219, Trauger 1994-10-09 7 199410XX/U2IZXXXX 5508, Smith 1994-10-05 6 1994-10-06 6 199412XX/U2KRXXXX 5776, Beebe 1994-12-01 9 199505XX/U2OOXXXX 6216, Trauger 1995-05-22 7 RPX_0002 199505XX/U2ONXXXX 5782, Bosh 1995-05-22 48 RPX_0003 199508XX/U2TFXXXX 5836, Nicholson 1995-08-09 8 1995-08-10 42 1995-08-11 4 RPX_0004 199508XX/U2OOXXXX 6216, Trauger 1995-08-10 4 199508XX/U2QEXXXX 6030, Tomasko 1995-08-06 8 199510XX/U2VIXXXX 6295, Caldwell 1995-10-01 8 1995-10-09 8 199510XX/U2WCXXXX 6215, Trauger 1995-10-15 4 1995-10-31 4 199511XX/U2QEXXXX 6030, Tomasko 1995-11-17 16 RPX_0005 199511XX/U2OOXXXX 6216, Trauger 1995-11-20 3 199511XX/U2TFXXXX 5836, Nicholson 1995-11-21 20 1995-11-27 8 199511XX/U2ZNXXXX 6328, Caldwell 1995-11-18 10 199511XX/U2ZYXXXX 5824, Bosh 1995-11-21 2 1995-11-22 4 Parameters ========== WFPC2 observations record the image brightness of Saturn and or its rings and moons in a particular filter for the specified exposure time. The PDS label for each file contains a broad variety of additional parameters enabling the user to determine image geometry and to convert pixel values to physically meaningful quantities. Processing ========== The calibrated images have been passed through the Space Telescope Science Institute's processing 'pipeline' which includes: analog-to-digital conversion, bias level correction, bias correction, dark current correction, and flat field correction. For a detailed outline, see [BIRETTAETAL1993]. Data ==== The data provided here are images and tables in FITS format, as provided by the Space Telescope Archive. For each data file, a detached PDS label is provided containing additional parameters. Most users will prefer to focus on the fully calibrated images found in the CALIMAGE subdirectories of these volumes. Such files have been through the full HST processing pipeline and so are relatively straightforward to interpret both geometrically and photometrically. The detached PDS label files contain the key parameters needed to perform this interpretation. The other especially useful subdirectories are those entitled BROWSE, which contain easy-to-display GIF files showing the images at compressed scale and with the four fields of view (PC1, WF2, WF3, WF4) mosaicked into a single image. These files are especially useful when the user desires only a quick look at what the images contain. Additional files are as follows: Subdirectory STScI file File contents extension CALMASK .c1f quality mask for calibrated image. ENGDATA .x0f extracted engineering data. ENGMASK .q1f quality mask for engineering data. HEADER .shf standard header containing observation parameters. RAWIMAGE .d0f raw image. RAWMASK .q0f data quality mask for raw image. See Chapter 25 of the HST Data Handbook for more information about these files. Ancillary Data ============== Additional geometry and calibration files are provided to assist in the analysis and interpretation of the data. On each volume, the CALIBRATION subdirectory contains filter profiles for (most of) the filters used in this data set. It also contains a model solar spectrum. The first volume of this set contains a GEOMETRY subdirectory, containing ephemeris files for Saturn and its satellites, plus the Sun, Earth, and Moon. These files are provided in SPICE format for a variety of platforms. For more information about SPICE data and toolkits, consult the PDS Navigation and Ancillary Information (NAIF) Node at: http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/naif.html Coordinate System ================= All geometric quantities appearing in the labels are in J2000 coordinates. In this coordinate frame, the z-axis points northward along the Earth's J2000 rotation axis and the x-axis points toward the First Point of Aries. Media/Format ============ This data set is archived on compact disc (CDROM) media. Organization and formats are according to PDS and ISO 9660 level 1 standards. Files are in FITS format, with detached PDS labels. The FITS file standard is described in 'Definition of the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) Standard', from the NASA/Science Office of Standards and Technology. Specific information about STScI's usage of FITS keywords is found in the HST Data Handbook." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Confidence Level Overview ========================= The well-known problems of HST's mirrors and the corrections for the WFPC2 are discussed in [BIRETTAETAL1996]. Filter characteristics, calibration procedures and a description of the methane filter are also included in this reference. Review ====== This data set passed peer review on September 30, 1999. The members of the peer review panel were Amanda Bosh, Richard French, Lyle Huber, Stephen Larson, Claude Roddier, and Philip Nicholson. Ron Joyner represented the PDS Central Node at JPL. Data Coverage and Quality ========================= Saturn was imaged continuously during the hours surrounding Earth's crossings of the ring plane on May 22, 1995 and August 10, 1995. Saturn was too close to the Sun for observations on February 11, 1996. Nearly-continuous imaging also occurred during the ring 'sunset' on November 21, 1995. During these periods of ring-targeted observing, images are of extremely high quality. Naturally, images intended for observations of Saturn and/or Titan are not always exposed optimally for ring and ring-moon science." END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = "S RINGS" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = SATURN END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = MIMAS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = ENCELADUS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = TETHYS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = DIONE END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = RHEA END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = TITAN END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = HYPERION END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = IAPETUS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = PAN END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = ATLAS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = PROMETHEUS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = PANDORA END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = JANUS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = EPIMETHEUS END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = HELENE END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = TELESTO END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = CALYPSO END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = HST INSTRUMENT_ID = WFPC2 END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION MISSION_NAME = "SATURN RING PLANE CROSSING 1995" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "BIRETTAETAL1993" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "BOSH&RIVKIN1996" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "KARKOSCHKA&LOREN1997" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "LORENZETAL1997" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "NICHOLSONETAL1996" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION END_OBJECT = DATA_SET END