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urn:nasa:pds:context:target:satellite.telesto::1.0 investigation_to_target urn:nasa:pds:context:target:satellite.tethys::1.0 investigation_to_target urn:nasa:pds:context:target:satellite.thrym::1.0 investigation_to_target urn:nasa:pds:context:target:satellite.titan::1.0 investigation_to_target urn:nasa:pds:context:target:satellite.ymir::1.0 investigation_to_target urn:nasa:pds:context:target:sun.sun::1.0 investigation_to_target Cassini Mission Plan, Revision N (PD 699-100), JPL Document D-5564, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, 2002. reference.JPLD-5564 CASSINI-HUYGENS Mission 1997-10-15 The majority of the text in this file was extracted from the Cassini Mission Plan Document, D. Seal, 2003. [JPL D-5564] The Cassini spacecraft, including the Huygens Probe, was launched on 15 October 1997 using a Titan IV/B launch vehicle with Solid Rocket Motor Upgrade (SRMU) strap-ons and a Centaur upper stage. The spacecraft used a 6.7-year Venus-Venus-Earth-Jupiter Gravity Assist (VVEJGA) trajectory to Saturn, during which cruise observations were conducted to check out, calibrate, and maintain the instruments as well as to perform limited science. After Saturn Orbit Insertion (SOI) (1 July 2004), the Huygens Probe separated and, on the third encounter with Titan, entered the satellite's atmosphere to make in situ measurements during an approximately 150 minute descent (14 January 2005). The Orbiter continued a tour of the Saturn system collecting data on the planet and its satellites, rings, and environment. After a highly successful Saturn Orbit Insertion (SOI) in June of 2004 and Huygens Probe descent to the surface of Titan in January of 2005, Cassini went on to complete its four-year tour of Saturn, its rings, satellites, and magnetosphere via 75 orbits about Saturn, 45 close Titan flybys, 4 Enceladus flybys, and 9 close flybys of other icy satellites along with dozens of Saturn, rings, and Titan radio and Solar occultations. At the end of the very successful prime mission all instruments and major spacecraft systems were healthy. Due to the highly successful execution of the prime mission, the vast quantity of new discoveries and overall quality of science being returned by the Cassini spacecraft, and the estimated propellant remaining at the conclusion of the prime mission, NASA Headquarters allocated funding for the development of a 2-year Cassini extended mission. At the conclusion of the prime mission tour phase on 30 June 2008, Cassini initiated a two-year extended mission named the Equinox Mission (EM) to be completed on 30 September 2010. This mission featured an additional 28 Titan flybys, twelve close icy satellite flybys, and 64 orbits of Saturn. The orbit inclination moved from over 70 degrees at the start of the Equinox mission down to 0 degrees in a little over a year, then back up to 20 degrees in Jan 2010, and down again in July 2010. There were eight Enceladus flybys along with single flybys of Rhea, Mimas, Dione, and Helene. The Enceladus flybys were designed to provide close flybys to allow the best views of the plume expulsions near the South Polar area. In addition, there were 22 non-targeted, distant flybys of icy satellites. Titan flybys continued to map the surface of Titan. The scientific intensity and priority of this phase, as judged by the project and by HQ, was of the same level as that of the prime mission. The second extended mission, temporarily called the Extended- extended mission (XXM) or also the Solstice Mission (SM), was designed as a seven-year mission. Conditional approval, based on the results of senior reviews, was granted. It began on 30 September 2010 and will end on 15 September 2017. The SM features 54 Titan flybys, 23 close icy satellite flybys (which include 11 Enceladus flybys), and 156 orbits of Saturn. The mission will continue to explore the features of the Saturnian system such as the rings, the magnetosphere, and the icy satellites, address new questions raised by Cassini's Prime and Equinox missions, as well as observing seasonal change in the Saturnian system. The Cassini Orbiter (CO) is a three-axis stabilized spacecraft equipped with one high gain antenna (HGA) and two low gain antennas (LGAs), three Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) for power, main engines, attitude thrusters, and reaction wheels. It carries twelve orbiter instruments designed to carry out 27 diverse science investigations. The Huygens Probe (HP) was equipped with six instruments designed to study the atmosphere and surface of Titan. It entered the upper atmosphere protected by a heat shield, then deployed parachutes to descend slowly to the surface from an altitude of about 200 km. The instruments, with acronym and Principal Investigator (PI) or Team Leader (TL), are summarized below: Instrument Acronym PI/TL ----------------------------------------------- ------------ Orbiter: Cassini Plasma Spectrometer CAPS Young Cosmic Dust Analyzer CDA Srama Composite Infrared Spectrometer CIRS Flasar Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer INMS Waite Imaging Science Subsystem ISS Porco Magnetometer MAG Dougherty Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument MIMI Krimigis Cassini Radar RADAR Elachi Radio and Plasma Wave Science RPWS Gurnett Radio Science Subsystem RSS French Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph UVIS Esposito Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer VIMS Brown Probe: Aerosol Collector and Pyrolyser ACP Israel Descent Imager Spectral Radiometer DISR Tomasko Doppler Wind Experiment DWE Bird Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer GCMS Niemann Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument HASI Fulchignoni Surface Science Package SSP Zarnecki Mission Phases ============== LAUNCH 1997-10-15 to 1997-10-17 1997-288 to 1997-290 ------ Cassini successfully lifted-off from the Cape Canaveral Air Station complex 40 on 15 October 1997 at 08:55 UTC. The solid rocket motors burned from liftoff to separation at 2 min 23 sec at an altitude of 68,300 m. Stage 1 ignition began at 2 min 11 sec at an altitude of 58,500 m, and Stage 2 ignition (and Stage 1 separation) occurred at 5 min 23 sec after liftoff at 167,300 m. During the first three minutes and 27 seconds of flight, the payload fairing shrouded the spacecraft, protecting it from direct solar illumination. The Centaur upper stage separated from the launch vehicle at 9 min 13 sec at 206,700 m. The first Centaur burn began at 9 min 13 sec and lasted approximately two minutes. This burn placed the Cassini spacecraft into an elliptical, 170 km by 445 km parking orbit with an inclination of about 30 degrees. After 17 minutes in the parking orbit, the Centaur fired again and launched Cassini toward Venus en route to Saturn. The injection C3 was 16.6 km^2/s^2. Immediately after separation from the Centaur, the spacecraft's Attitude and Articulation Control Subsystem (AACS) pointed the HGA toward the Sun to achieve a thermally safe attitude in which the HGA served as an umbrella for the remainder of the spacecraft. X-band uplink and downlink was established through the LGAs, the Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) Langmuir Probe was deployed, instrument replacement heaters and main engine oxidizer valve heaters were turned on, and the Stellar Reference Unit (SRU), Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS), and Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) decontaminations were started. TCM 1 1997-10-18 to 1997-11-14 1997-291 to 1997-318 ----- The Trajectory Correction Maneuver 1 (TCM 1) phase comprised four one-week sequences. During most of the TCM 1 phase, the spacecraft was in a relatively quiescent state with the HGA pointed toward the Sun. Telemetry downlinked by the spacecraft was utilized to make an initial characterization of the spacecraft and to assess whether its various subsystems survived the launch. Deployment, decontamination, tank heating, and AACS checkout activities were started. Before the maneuver itself, the fuel and oxidizer tanks were heated in order to avoid an irreversible overpressure in the propellant lines. If the tanks fully pressurized before the spacecraft passed through the peak temperature regime, then (when the spacecraft did enter the maximum thermal environment) the tank pressure would climb without there being a way to bring it back down, possibly causing an overpressure. TCM 1 was an Earth injection clean-up maneuver placed at 25 days after launch. TCM 1 was executed using the main engine with a delta-V magnitude of 2.8 m/s. The burn sequence included holding the spacecraft off-Sun after burn completion to allow the spacecraft heating to be characterized in a relatively benign environment. INTERPLANETARY CRUISE 1997-11-14 to 1999-11-07 1997-318 to 1999-311 --------------------- The Interplanetary Cruise Phase extended from 14 November 1997 to 7 November 1999. It consisted of three subphases: Venus 1 Cruise, Instrument Checkout 1, and Venus 2 - Earth Cruise. During most of this phase, Cassini's proximity to the Sun constrained the spacecraft to remain Sun-pointed, and communications were conducted using the Low Gain Antennas. The downlink capability of the LGAs at large spacecraft-Earth ranges was very limited. Between 30 and 150 days after launch, for example, the downlink data rate decreased from 948 to 20 bps. Beginning on 28 December 1998, the spacecraft approached opposition and the HGA could be pointed towards Earth for a period of 25 days while the Probe equipment temperature remained within the required range. This provided a high data rate window during which checkout activities could be accomplished. VENUS 1 CRUISE 1997-11-14 to 1998-09-13 1997-318 to 1998-256 -------------- The Venus 1 Cruise subphase started on 14 November 1997 and continued through 13 September 1998. The subphase encompassed sequences C5 through C9 and included two TCMs, one planetary swingby, and three switches between LGA1 and LGA2. Most of the period was dedicated to engineering and instrument maintenance activities. VENUS 1 ENCOUNTER 1998-04-26 1998-116 The first Venus encounter occurred on 26 April 1998. The spacecraft approached Venus from a sunward direction, and closest approach occurred just after the spacecraft entered the Sun's shadow for a period of about 15 minutes. At closest approach, the altitude was 284 km, with a velocity relative to Venus of 11.8 km/s. The spacecraft was occulted from Earth for about 2 hours. The Earth occultation zone started about 15 minutes after the spacecraft left the Sun occultation zone. Accuracy for the Venus flyby was assured by using two TCMs (Trajectory Correction Maneuvers), 60 and 20 days before closest approach, and a clean-up maneuver 20 days after the flyby. INSTRUMENT CHECKOUT 1 1998-09-14 to 1999-03-14 1998-257 to 1999-073 --------------------- The Instrument Checkout 1 subphase (ICO-1) started on 14 September 1998, continued through 14 March 1999, and consisted of sequences C10-C13. This subphase was characterized by the opposition that occurred on 9 January 1999, which allowed use of the HGA for downlink since the Earth and Sun were nearly aligned as seen from Cassini. All instruments scheduled checkout activities within the 25 day period centered on opposition. This was the first opportunity since launch to exercise and check the status of most instruments outside of routine maintenance. The 'Quiet Test', for example, allowed each instrument to monitor other instruments as they turned on and off and provided valuable insight into how to integrate science observations during the Saturn tour. During instrument checkout activities, the spacecraft autonomously went into a safe state. Accumulating star position errors from the slow turn required to keep the Sun on the -x-axis triggered AACS fault protection. Most of the instrument checkout activities were rescheduled after a 10 day safing period. Those that were not completed were rescheduled for the ICO-2 subphase during Outer Cruise. VENUS 2 - EARTH CRUISE 1999-03-15 to 1999-11-07 1999-074 to 1999-311 ---------------------- The Venus 2 - Earth Cruise subphase started on 15 March 1999, 45 days prior to the second Venus flyby, and continued through 7 November 1999, which was 82 days after the Earth flyby. The subphase encompassed sequences C13 through C16, and included seven scheduled TCMs, two planetary swingbys, and 25 science activities in addition to normal engineering activities. Science activities included maintenance, calibration, checkout, and science observations using all of the Cassini instruments except INMS and CIRS. VENUS 2 ENCOUNTER 1999-06-24 1999-175 TCM-7 was executed 37 days before the Venus 2 Encounter. TCM-8 was scheduled 21 days prior to Venus 2, but it was canceled. DSN (Deep Space Network) coverage increased from one to three passes per day in support of the flyby. EARTH ENCOUNTER 1999-08-18 1999-230 The Earth flyby occurred 55 days after the Venus 2 flyby. The spacecraft approached the Earth from approximately the direction of the Sun. Closest approach occurred right after the spacecraft entered the Sun occultation zone. The occultation lasted approximately 30 minutes. The altitude at closest approach was 1175 km, with an Earth-relative velocity of 19.0 km/s. Trajectory correction maneuvers took place 43, 30, 15 and 6.5 days before closest approach, and a clean-up maneuver was executed 13 days after the flyby. Continuous DSN coverage began at the Venus 2 flyby and continued through the Earth flyby. A week after the Earth Encounter, DSN coverage dropped to one pass every two days. Five instruments conducted observations as Cassini passed through the Earth's magnetotail. OUTER CRUISE 1999-11-08 to 2002-07-07 1999-312 to 2002-188 ------------ The Outer Cruise Phase consisted of four subphases: HGA Transition, Instrument Checkout 2, Jupiter Cruise, and Quiet Cruise. The Outer Cruise phase extended from 8 November 1999 (when the spacecraft reached a Sun range of 2.7 AU) to 7 July 2002 (about two years before Saturn Orbit Insertion). At 2.7 AU (1 February 2000), the HGA began continuous Earth- pointing. The one planetary encounter in this phase was the flyby of Jupiter in December 2000. Science at Jupiter was an opportunity to test Saturn observation strategies with HGA data rates. HIGH GAIN ANTENNA TRANSITION 1999-11-08 to 2000-05-06 1999-312 to 2000-127 ---------------------------- This subphase included sequences C17 to C19, operation of ISS and VIMS decontamination heaters, CDA dust calibrations, and Magnetosphere and Plasma Science (MAPS) observations after the HGA was pointed toward Earth. During the initial part of the subphase (C17 and part of C18), telecommunications were via LGA1, and the spacecraft was at the farthest distance from Earth before transitioning to the HGA for regular use. Therefore, data rates were very low and activities were kept to a minimum. C17 included standard maintenance and one Periodic Engineering Maintenance (PEM) activity. Activities during the LGA1 portion of C18 included a Periodic Instrument Maintenance (PIM); observations by ISS, VIMS, and UVIS of the asteroid Masursky near closest approach (1,634,000 km); and ISS dark frame calibration images directly following the Masursky observations. The HGA was turned toward Earth for regular use on 1 February 2000, during C18. Several activities took place during the rest of C18, using the greater telemetry capabilities available with the HGA: playback of the Masursky data and ISS dark frames, a Probe checkout, a Huygens Probe S-band Relay to Cassini Test, a Telemetry-Ranging Interference Test, MAG calibrations, and a PEM. Regular MAPS observations by CAPS, CDA, MAG, MIMI, and RPWS began within a few days after transitioning to the HGA. The first 6 weeks of C19 were used for a checkout of new Flight Software. The AACS version A7 software was uploaded near the beginning of this period, and the first 2 weeks were devoted to AACS tests. The next 4 weeks were originally scheduled for CDS tests of version V7.0. However, these tests were delayed to late July and August of 2000 to allow time for additional regression testing. During the AACS checkout period, MAPS activity ceased. Several activities took place during the last 3 weeks of C19: resumption of MAPS observations, three RSS activities (HGA pattern calibration, HGA boresight calibration, and USO characterization), CIRS Cooler Cover release, and a PIM. A few days before the end of C19, the command loss timer setting was increased slightly, to account for the 10-day period at the beginning of C20 during which superior conjunction made commanding problematic. INSTRUMENT CHECKOUT 2 2000-05-06 to 2000-11-05 2000-127 to 2000-310 --------------------- The second instrument checkout subphase (ICO-2) was scheduled from 6 May 2000 to 5 November of 2000, after the Spacecraft Office had completed its engineering checkout activities. ICO-2 included instrument checkout that required reaction wheel stability and any instrument checkouts that were not successfully completed during ICO-1. But the CDS Flight Software V7 uplink and checkout, which was delayed from March, was rescheduled to late July through early September 2000, causing many ICO-2 activities to be compressed into a shorter and more intense period. Some activities were postponed until after the Jupiter observations were completed in 2001. The subphase began with a superior conjunction, which precluded early science or engineering activities. MAPS instruments remained on; but data return was not attempted during conjunction. Two TCMs were scheduled for Jupiter targeting, in June and September. Engineering activities included the continuous use of reaction wheels and, beginning on 1 October 2000, dual Solid State Recorders (SSRs). There were no scheduled instrument PIMs during ICO-2 since all instruments had other activities that accomplished this function. Other engineering activities included two Reaction Wheel Assembly (RWA) friction tests, two PEMs, and an SRU calibration. Science activities began with the MAPS instruments continuing from C19. New flight software was loaded for eight instruments in late May, and a CDA software update was done in September. New Quiet Tests, while operating on reaction wheels, were done in July for most instruments. RSS Quiet Tests were done in September, and RADAR related tests were done in late June. A Probe checkout occurred in late July. Spacecraft turns were done for RADAR observations of the Sun and Jupiter in June and again in September. The star Alpha Piscis Austrinus (Fomalhaut) was also observed in September by VIMS with ISS and UVIS doing ride-along science. No other science turns were scheduled until October. On 1 October, science began using a repeating 5-day template to gather Jupiter science. This involved 11 turns in a 5 day period, including two downlinks. The turns in the 5-day template involved 4 orientations: Orbiter Remote Science (ORS) boresights to Jupiter, Z axis parallel to ecliptic HGA to Sun, rolling about Z axis Probe to Sun, rotating about X axis HGA to Earth, Probe offset from Sun for CDA, not rotating, downlink orientation JUPITER CRUISE 2000-11-05 to 2001-04-30 2000-310 to 2001-120 -------------- The Jupiter Cruise subphase extended from 6 November 2000 to 29 April 2001 and included sequences C23 to C25. However Jupiter remote sensing observations actually began on 1 October 2000, in C22. JUPITER ENCOUNTER 2000-12-30 2000-365 The Jupiter flyby occurred on 30 December 2000 at an altitude of 9.7 million km. This gravity assist rotated the trajectory 12 deg and increased the heliocentric velocity by 2 km/s. The Jupiter relative speed at closest approach was 11.6 km/s. At closest approach, Jupiter filled the Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) field of view. Extensive Jupiter science was performed which required additional DSN support: up to two passes every five days, and a maximum of one pass every 30 hours in the 10 days on either side of closest approach. Science at Jupiter was an opportunity to test how to build and execute viable Saturn sequences. A problem with the Reaction Wheel Assembly occurred on 16 December 2000. Increased friction on one of the wheels caused the spacecraft to switch autonomously to the Reaction Control Subsystem (RCS) for attitude control. With the switch to RCS, hydrazine usage increased. Two of four joint CAPS-Hubble Space Telescope observations, a Jupiter North-South map, the Himalia 'flyby', and a UVIS torus observation were all executed on RCS before the sequence was terminated on 19 December 2000. MAPS data continued to be recorded at a reduced rate. All other planned science activities were suspended. After tests, RWA operation was resumed for attitude control on 22 December, with the wheels biased away from low RPM regions. The sequence was restarted on 29 December. QUIET CRUISE 2001-04-30 to 2002-07-08 2001-120 to 2002-189 ------------ Quiet Cruise was a 14 month subphase that started at the end of Jupiter Cruise and ended two years before SOI. During this subphase, routine maintenance, engineering, and navigation functions were carried out. One Gravitational Wave Experiment (GWE) was conducted in December 2001, and one Solar Conjunction Experiment (SCE) was conducted in June 2002. SCIENCE CRUISE 2002-07-08 to 2004-06-10 2002-189 to 2004-162 -------------- SPACE SCIENCE 2002-07-08 to 2004-01-11 2002-189 to 2004-011 The Space Science subphase began on 8 July 2002 and ran through 11 January 2004. TCMs 18 and 19, two GWEs (December 2002 and December 2003) and one SCE (June-July 2003) were conducted. APPROACH SCIENCE 2004-01-12 to 2004-06-10 2004-012 to 2004-162 The Approach Science subphase began six months before SOI and ended three weeks before SOI, when the spacecraft was approaching Saturn at a rate of 5 kilometers per second. Most of the activities during the Approach Science subphase were Saturn science observations and preparation for the Phoebe flyby, SOI, and Tour operations. The reaction wheels were turned on at the beginning of the subphase to provide a more stable viewing platform. By this point, the imaging instruments had begun atmospheric imaging, and making long-term atmospheric movies. CIRS began long integrations of Saturn's disk. At SOI - 4 months, Saturn filled one third of the NAC field of view and one half of the CIRS Far Infrared (FIR) field of view. The Saturn approach was made toward the morning terminator at a phase angle of about 75 degrees; VIMS gathered data on the temperature difference across the terminator. UVIS scans of the Saturn System began 3-4 months before SOI. Fields, particles, and waves instruments collected solar wind information and recorded Saturn emissions as the spacecraft neared the planet. Science data gathered during this period was stored on the SSR and transmitted back to Earth. Daily DSN tracking coverage began 90 days before SOI. The Phoebe approach TCM took place on 27 May 2004, 15 days before Phoebe closest approach. TOUR PRE-HUYGENS 2004-06-11 to 2004-12-24 2004-163 to 2004-359 ---------------- The Tour Pre-Huygens Phase extended from the Phoebe Encounter through Saturn Orbit Insertion to separation of the Huygens Probe from the Cassini Orbiter. PHOEBE ENCOUNTER 2004-06-11 2004-163 The flyby of Phoebe occurred on 11 June 2004, 19 days before SOI. At closest approach (19:33 UTC) the spacecraft was 2000 km above the surface. SATURN ORBIT INSERTION 2004-07-01 2004-183 During Saturn Orbit Insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004, the spacecraft made its closest approach to the planet's surface during the entire mission at an altitude of only 0.3 Saturn radii (18,000 km). Due to this unique opportunity, the approximately 95-minute SOI burn (633 m/s total delta-V), required to place Cassini in orbit around Saturn, was executed earlier than its optimal point centered around periapsis, and instead ended near periapsis, allowing science observations immediately after burn completion. The SOI maneuver placed the spacecraft in an initial orbit with a periapsis radius of 1.3 Rs, a period of 148 days, and an inclination of 16.8 degrees. After the burn, the spacecraft was turned to allow the ORS instruments to view the Saturn inner rings that were not in shadow. After periapsis, the trajectory just grazed the occultation zones behind the planet with the Earth and Sun being occulted by Saturn. After communication with Earth was re-established, the spacecraft remained on Earth pointed for nine hours to play back engineering and science data and to give ground personnel time to evaluate the spacecraft status. After SOI a pair of cleanup maneuvers was used to correct for errors in the SOI burn. The first was immediately before superior conjunction, at SOI + 3 days, and the second was after conjunction at SOI + 16 days. Probe checkouts were scheduled at SOI + 14 days, Probe Release Maneuver (PRM) + 4 days, and ten days before separation. The partial orbit between SOI and the first apoapsis was designated orbit 0. The next three orbits were designated a, b, and c. TITAN A ENCOUNTER 2004-10-26 2004-300 TITAN B ENCOUNTER 2004-12-13 2004-348 HUYGENS DESCENT 2004-12-24 to 2005-01-14 2004-359 to 2005-014 --------------- HUYGENS PROBE SEPARATION 2004-12-24 2004-359 The probe was released from the Orbiter on 24 December 2004, 11 days after the second Titan flyby (orbit b). Two days after the Probe was released, the Orbiter executed a deflection maneuver to place itself on the proper trajectory for the third encounter. TITAN C HUYGENS 2005-01-14 2005-014 During the third flyby (orbit c), on 14 January 2005, the Huygens Probe transmitted data to the orbiter for approximately 150 minutes during its descent through the atmosphere to the surface. Because the Orbiter was looking at Titan through most of the corresponding Goldstone tracking pass, DSN support on this day was primarily through the 70-meter antennas at the Canberra and Madrid tracking complexes. While approaching Titan, the Orbiter made its last downlink transmission (to the Madrid station, DSS 63) before switching to Probe relay mode. The Orbiter then turned nearly 180 degrees to point its HGA at the predicted Probe impact point, and the Probe Support Avionics (PSA) were configured to receive data from the Probe. Some Orbiter instruments were put into a low power state to provide additional power for the PSA. The data from the Probe were transmitted at S band in two separate data streams, and both were recorded on each SSR. Following completion of the predicted descent (maximum 150 minutes), the Orbiter listened for Probe signals for an additional 30 minutes, in case they continued after landing. When data collection from the Probe was completed, those data were write protected on each SSR. The spacecraft then turned to view Titan with optical remote sensing instruments until about one hour after closest approach. The Orbiter then turned the HGA towards Earth and began transmitting the recorded Probe data to the Canberra 70-m antenna. The complete, four-fold redundant set of Probe data was transmitted twice, and its receipt verified, before the write protection on that portion of the SSR was lifted by ground command. A second playback, including all of the Probe data and the Orbiter instrument observations, was returned over the subsequent Madrid 70-meter tracking pass, which was longer and at higher elevation angles. TOUR 2005-01-14 to 2008-06-30 2005-014 to 2008-182 ---- The Tour Phase of the mission began at completion of the Huygens Probe and Orbiter-support playback and ended on 30 June 2008. It included dozens of satellite encounters and extended observations of Saturn, its rings, and its environment of particles and fields. TOUR SEQUENCE BOUNDARIES The table below shows spacecraft background sequences, orbit revolution, start epoch (including day-of-year in a separate column), and the length of the sequence. For completeness, all 'S' sequences are listed even though the first seven covered times before the Tour phase. Each orbit about Saturn was assigned a revolution identifier starting with a, b, and c, and then numerically ascending from 3 to 74; these were not synchronous with sequences, some of which covered only partial orbits. Full orbits began and ended at apoapsis; the partial orbit from SOI to the first apoapsis was orbit 0. Sequence Rev Epoch (SCET) DOY Duration In days -------- --- ----------------- --- -------- S1 0 2004-May-14 18:40 135 36 S2 0 2004-Jun-19 21:52 171 41 S3 0 2004-Jul-30 21:32 212 44 S4 A 2004-Sep-12 11:35 256 36 S5 A 2004-Oct-18 09:30 292 28 S6 A 2004-Nov-15 07:49 320 31 S7 B 2004-Dec-16 13:22 351 37 S8 C 2005-Jan-22 10:38 022 36 S9 3 2005-Feb-27 00:36 058 41 S10 6 2005-Apr-09 05:15 099 35 S11 8 2005-May-14 02:50 134 35 S12 10 2005-Jun-18 01:34 169 44 S13 12 2005-Jul-31 22:00 212 30 S14 14 2005-Aug-30 21:43 242 39 S15 16 2005-Oct-08 12:30 281 35 S16 17 2005-Nov-12 17:01 316 35 S17 19 2005-Dec-17 14:21 351 41 S18 20 2006-Jan-27 04:03 027 43 S19 22 2006-Mar-11 00:35 070 42 S20 23 2006-Apr-22 05:15 112 42 S21 24 2006-Jun-03 02:39 154 44 S22 26 2006-Jul-17 00:06 198 34 S23 27 2006-Aug-19 22:06 231 32 S24 29 2006-Sep-20 20:22 263 32 S25 31 2006-Oct-22 18:26 295 33 S26 33 2006-Nov-24 16:30 328 42 S27 36 2007-Jan-05 13:50 005 43 S28 39 2007-Feb-17 10:52 048 39 S29 41 2007-Mar-28 08:04 087 38 S30 44 2007-May-04 22:00 124 37 S31 46 2007-Jun-11 03:10 162 33 S32 48 2007-Jul-14 01:06 195 29 S33 49 2007-Aug-11 23:20 223 42 S34 50 2007-Sep-22 20:51 265 39 S35 51 2007-Oct-31 18:40 304 44 S36 54 2007-Dec-14 16:00 348 39 S37 57 2008-Jan-22 13:35 022 25 S38 59 2008-Feb-16 11:51 047 36 S39 62 2008-Mar-23 01:50 083 27 S40 65 2008-Apr-19 07:18 110 42 S41 70 2008-May-31 04:27 152 32 SATELLITE ENCOUNTER SUMMARY This table summarizes the Cassini Orbiter satellite encounters; for completeness, all recognized encounters are included even those that preceded the Tour phase. Rev identifies the orbit revolution as defined above. The three character ID for the encounter is in the second column; an asterisk (*) indicates a targeted encounter. The target, date, and time, and day-of-year are in the next three columns. Altitude above the surface at closest approach, sense of the encounter (whether on the inbound or outbound leg of an orbit), relative velocity at closest approach, and phase angle at closest approach round out the columns. *Targeted fly-by Rev Name Satellite Epoch (SCET) DOY Alt in/ Speed Phase km out km/s deg --- ----- --------- ---------------- --- --- --- ----- ---- 0 00PH* Phoebe 2004-Jun-11 19:34 163 2068 in 6.4 24 0 00PO Polydeuces 2004-Jun-30 20:57 182 67991 in 13.3 90 0 00CA Calypso 2004-Jun-30 22:27 182 52100 in 14.1 92 0 00ME Methone 2004-Jul-01 00:16 183 51202 in 12.9 96 0 00MI Mimas 2004-Jul-01 00:30 183 76488 in 22.3 80 0 00PA Pandora 2004-Jul-01 01:16 183 89854 in 26.8 89 0 00JA Janus 2004-Jul-01 01:51 183 67682 in 12.8 106 0 00PM Prometheus 2004-Jul-01 03:57 183 107413 out 28.5 91 0 00PN Pan 2004-Jul-01 04:02 183 57684 out 22.8 88 0 00AE Aegaeon 2004-Jul-01 04:21 183 112910 out 26.0 94 0 00TI Titan 2004-Jul-02 09:29 184 339120 out 8.3 67 A 0ATI* Titan 2004-Oct-26 15:30 300 1174 in 6.1 91 B 0BTI* Titan 2004-Dec-13 11:38 348 1192 in 6.1 102 B 0BDI Dione 2004-Dec-15 01:41 350 72067 in 5.3 84 B 0BMI Mimas 2004-Dec-15 05:02 350 106750 in 1.6 90 B 0BAE Aegaeon 2004-Dec-15 05:43 350 121062 in 1.0 108 C 0CIA Iapetus 2004-Dec-31 18:49 366 123401 in 2.0 94 C 0CTI* Titan 2005-Jan-14 11:12 014 60003 in 5.4 93 C 0CME Methone 2005-Jan-16 04:58 016 113120 in 1.8 78 C 0CMI Mimas 2005-Jan-16 06:08 016 107630 in 1.3 100 C 0CPL Pallene 2005-Jan-16 07:26 016 90824 out 2.4 138 3 03TI* Titan 2005-Feb-15 06:58 046 1579 in 6.0 99 3 03PA Pandora 2005-Feb-16 23:03 047 102609 in 1.6 62 3 03EP Epimetheus 2005-Feb-17 00:10 048 73455 in 2.9 78 3 03AT Atlas 2005-Feb-17 00:23 048 76935 in 1.6 96 3 03CA Calypso 2005-Feb-17 00:35 048 83229 in 6.9 67 3 03AE Aegaeon 2005-Feb-17 01:23 048 107572 out 8.3 157 3 03EN* Enceladus 2005-Feb-17 03:30 048 1261 out 6.7 113 3 03PO Polydeuces 2005-Feb-17 08:48 048 6447 out 8.6 121 4 04HE Helene 2005-Mar-09 04:33 068 74491 in 6.5 67 4 04EN* Enceladus 2005-Mar-09 09:08 068 497 in 6.6 43 4 04AT Atlas 2005-Mar-09 11:29 068 73847 in 1.6 108 4 04TE Tethys 2005-Mar-09 11:44 068 82863 out 6.9 64 5 05TE Tethys 2005-Mar-29 18:46 088 108638 in 12.2 124 5 05EN Enceladus 2005-Mar-29 20:32 088 55573 in 9.7 134 5 05PL Pallene 2005-Mar-29 21:48 088 30587 in 7.0 137 5 05AT Atlas 2005-Mar-29 22:01 088 97311 in 1.4 68 5 05EP Epimetheus 2005-Mar-29 23:25 088 62012 in 2.3 102 5 05ME Methone 2005-Mar-30 00:51 089 52681 out 7.4 82 5 05TL Telesto 2005-Mar-30 01:32 089 74532 out 6.5 61 5 05PO Polydeuces 2005-Mar-30 05:59 089 104025 out 6.0 59 5 05TI* Titan 2005-Mar-31 20:05 090 2404 out 5.9 66 6 06PL Pallene 2005-Apr-14 20:31 104 119294 in 16.6 115 6 06ME Methone 2005-Apr-14 20:52 104 50424 in 12.3 118 6 06EP Epimetheus 2005-Apr-15 00:14 105 46180 out 9.8 80 6 06MI Mimas 2005-Apr-15 01:25 105 82488 out 14.0 94 6 06CA Calypso 2005-Apr-15 04:21 105 70532 out 12.5 115 6 06TI* Titan 2005-Apr-16 19:12 106 1027 out 6.1 127 7 07HE Helene 2005-May-02 19:19 122 114175 in 9.9 107 7 07TE Tethys 2005-May-02 21:48 122 51856 in 9.3 110 7 07EP Epimetheus 2005-May-02 23:03 122 118461 in 6.2 46 7 07TL Telesto 2005-May-03 06:15 123 108306 out 8.3 98 7 07TI Titan 2005-May-04 05:37 124 864240 out 10.3 154 8 08AT Atlas 2005-May-21 06:30 141 99861 out 6.7 145 8 08PM Prometheus 2005-May-21 06:48 141 107600 out 6.9 153 8 08EN Enceladus 2005-May-21 08:13 141 101965 out 8.8 86 9 09TI Titan 2005-Jun-06 19:05 157 425570 in 5.8 83 9 09PL Pallene 2005-Jun-08 9:57 159 64545 in 7.0 56 9 09CA Calypso 2005-Jun-08 10:24 159 97710 in 7.8 64 10 10TI Titan 2005-Jun-22 12:37 173 920615 in 3.7 65 10 10TI Titan 2005-Jun-26 07:10 177 874592 in 7.7 111 10 10PN Pan 2005-Jun-26 14:23 177 94955 in 6.2 84 10 10TL Telesto 2005-Jun-26 14:48 177 87058 in 8.0 64 11 11PM Prometheus 2005-Jul-14 19:31 195 122149 in 6.1 51 11 11EN* Enceladus 2005-Jul-14 19:55 195 166 in 8.2 64 11 11ME Methone 2005-Jul-14 20:48 195 36705 in 7.6 110 11 11EP Epimetheus 2005-Jul-14 20:55 195 76770 in 6.3 84 11 11AE Aegaeon 2005-Jul-14 22:11 195 118582 out 11.1 163 12 12DA Daphnis 2005-Aug-02 03:58 214 102509 in 6.1 68 12 12MI Mimas 2005-Aug-02 04:21 214 61149 in 6.1 58 12 12PM Prometheus 2005-Aug-02 05:17 214 84971 in 6.3 111 12 12CA Calypso 2005-Aug-02 07:47 214 106192 out 7.1 73 12 12TI Titan 2005-Aug-02 15:55 214 939763 out 6.5 35 12 12TI Titan 2005-Aug-06 12:33 218 837688 out 3.8 62 13 13TE Tethys 2005-Aug-20 07:02 232 122848 in 12.4 123 13 13TL Telesto 2005-Aug-20 12:13 232 105278 out 7.8 67 13 13TI* Titan 2005-Aug-22 08:54 234 3660 out 5.9 44 14 14AE Aegaeon 2005-Sep-05 10:48 248 8517 in 8.1 115 14 14PA Pandora 2005-Sep-05 11:31 248 51938 in 7.0 57 14 14PM Prometheus 2005-Sep-05 11:32 248 102397 in 14.6 151 14 14ME Methone 2005-Sep-05 13:57 248 63025 out 10.2 91 14 14TI* Titan 2005-Sep-07 08:12 250 1075 out 6.1 85 15 15CA Calypso 2005-Sep-23 18:51 266 91043 in 7.0 83 15 15MI Mimas 2005-Sep-23 19:40 266 70011 in 11.8 133 15 15PM Prometheus 2005-Sep-23 22:26 266 98010 out 7.6 159 15 15TE* Tethys 2005-Sep-24 02:42 267 1495 out 9.0 68 15 15TI Titan 2005-Sep-24 22:47 267 911727 out 10.7 149 15 15HY* Hyperion 2005-Sep-26 02:25 269 479 out 5.6 48 16 16TI Titan 2005-Oct-10 22:22 283 776295 in 9.7 65 16 16DI* Dione 2005-Oct-11 17:52 284 499 in 9.1 66 16 16TL Telesto 2005-Oct-11 20:26 284 9534 in 8.7 63 16 16PL Pallene 2005-Oct-11 22:48 284 50439 in 10.8 125 16 16AT Atlas 2005-Oct-12 01:55 285 55662 out 4.0 143 16 16EN Enceladus 2005-Oct-12 03:03 285 49076 out 6.8 73 17 17TI* Titan 2005-Oct-28 04:15 301 1353 in 5.9 105 17 17ME Methone 2005-Oct-29 21:37 302 98875 in 2.1 57 17 17CA Calypso 2005-Oct-30 02:50 303 107870 out 9.4 66 18 18RH* Rhea 2005-Nov-26 22:38 330 504 in 7.3 87 18 18EN Enceladus 2005-Nov-27 10:25 331 107851 in 7.5 134 18 18HE Helene 2005-Nov-27 14:37 331 86435 out 5.5 87 19 19EN Enceladus 2005-Dec-24 20:29 358 94054 in 6.7 133 19 19PL Pallene 2005-Dec-24 22:26 358 107286 out 4.4 142 19 19TL Telesto 2005-Dec-25 00:44 359 19275 out 5.9 70 19 19HE Helene 2005-Dec-25 01:45 359 74718 out 5.4 90 19 19TI* Titan 2005-Dec-26 18:59 360 10411 out 5.6 67 20 20TI* Titan 2006-Jan-15 11:41 015 2043 in 5.8 120 21 21HE Helene 2006-Feb-25 4:48 056 67546 in 7.1 92 21 21TI* Titan 2006-Feb-27 08:25 058 1812 out 5.9 92 22 22TI* Titan 2006-Mar-19 00:06 078 1949 in 5.8 148 22 22RH Rhea 2006-Mar-21 07:16 080 82001 out 5.3 137 23 23TI* Titan 2006-Apr-30 20:58 120 1856 out 5.8 121 24 24TI* Titan 2006-May-20 12:18 140 1879 in 5.8 163 24 24PO Polydeuces 2006-May-22 14:53 142 64090 out 6.9 19 25 25TI* Titan 2006-Jul-02 09:21 183 1906 out 5.8 148 26 26TI* Titan 2006-Jul-22 00:25 203 950 in 6.0 105 26 26TE Tethys 2006-Jul-23 17:18 204 119806 in 9.9 29 26 26AE Aegaeon 2006-Jul-23 22:46 204 93380 out 3.8 16 26 26TL Telesto 2006-Jul-24 01:58 205 44779 out 8.6 39 27 27HE Helene 2006-Aug-17 03:29 229 48728 out 7.7 122 27 27TI Titan 2006-Aug-18 17:50 230 339768 out 4.8 121 28 28TI* Titan 2006-Sep-07 20:17 250 1000 in 6 45 28 28AT Atlas 2006-Sep-09 17:33 252 119823 in 15 47 28 28ME Methone 2006-Sep-09 19:17 252 15114 out 10.2 62 28 28CA Calypso 2006-Sep-09 19:24 252 107225 out 9.7 162 28 28EN Enceladus 2006-Sep-09 20:06 252 39935 out 10.4 111 29 29TI* Titan 2006-Sep-23 18:59 266 960 in 6 90 29 29AE Aegaeon 2006-Sep-25 20:19 268 107429 out 11.8 29 29 29ME Methone 2006-Sep-25 21:45 268 63839 out 10.1 39 30 30TI* Titan 2006-Oct-09 17:30 282 980 in 6 81 31 31TI* Titan 2006-Oct-25 15:58 298 1030 in 6 25 32 32EN Enceladus 2006-Nov-09 01:48 313 90220 out 14 26 32 32CA Calypso 2006-Nov-09 03:45 313 116096 out 11.7 111 33 33DI Dione 2006-Nov-21 02:28 325 74996 out 12.2 147 33 33TI Titan 2006-Nov-21 13:36 325 973182 out 8 78 33 33TI Titan 2006-Nov-25 13:29 329 925037 out 4.5 115 34 34TI Titan 2006-Dec-02 23:17 336 945245 out 12.2 159 34 34TL Telesto 2006-Dec-03 01:20 337 102514 out 12.1 111 35 35TI* Titan 2006-Dec-12 11:42 346 1000 in 5.9 125 36 36TI* Titan 2006-Dec-28 10:05 362 1297 in 5.9 62 37 37TI* Titan 2007-Jan-13 08:39 013 1000 in 6 53 38 38TI* Titan 2007-Jan-29 07:16 029 2631 in 5.8 72 38 38TI Titan 2007-Feb-05 07:42 036 910072 out 5.9 114 39 39TI Titan 2007-Feb-15 03:10 046 867510 in 5.5 128 39 39TI* Titan 2007-Feb-22 03:12 053 1000 out 6.2 161 40 40TI* Titan 2007-Mar-10 01:49 069 981 out 6.2 150 41 41TI* Titan 2007-Mar-26 00:23 085 1010 out 6.2 144 42 42TI* Titan 2007-Apr-10 22:58 100 991 out 6.2 137 43 43DI Dione 2007-Apr-24 14:52 114 114225 in 11.4 69 43 43TL Telesto 2007-Apr-24 16:00 114 107376 in 11.1 99 43 43TI* Titan 2007-Apr-26 21:33 116 981 out 6.2 130 44 44TI* Titan 2007-May-12 20:10 132 959 out 6.2 122 45 45TE Tethys 2007-May-26 20:47 146 102788 in 12 78 45 45EP Epimetheus 2007-May-26 23:13 146 58279 in 8.7 148 45 45TI* Titan 2007-May-28 18:52 148 2299 out 6.1 114 46 46MI Mimas 2007-Jun-11 23:03 162 111975 in 16.7 95 46 46AT Atlas 2007-Jun-12 00:12 163 34017 in 7.5 117 46 46PM Prometheus 2007-Jun-12 00:19 163 69717 in 11.7 79 46 46EP Epimetheus 2007-Jun-12 00:58 163 80596 out 10.6 144 46 46ME Methone 2007-Jun-12 02:26 163 61696 out 9 100 46 46TI* Titan 2007-Jun-13 17:46 164 965 out 6.2 107 47 47TE Tethys 2007-Jun-27 19:43 178 18418 in 10.6 116 47 47ME Methone 2007-Jun-27 22:23 178 22643 in 10.9 114 47 47MI Mimas 2007-Jun-27 22:48 178 102916 in 17 110 47 47AE Aegaeon 2007-Jun-27 23:13 178 15434 in 9.4 107 47 47EN Enceladus 2007-Jun-28 00:52 179 88670 in 9.3 54 47 47PM Prometheus 2007-Jun-28 01:43 179 35160 out 9.1 153 47 47EP Epimetheus 2007-Jun-28 02:08 179 86622 out 15.7 153 47 47RH Rhea 2007-Jun-28 12:00 179 104383 out 10.7 105 47 47TI* Titan 2007-Jun-29 17:00 180 1933 out 6.2 96 48 48TI* Titan 2007-Jul-19 01:11 200 1332 in 6.2 34 48 48HE Helene 2007-Jul-20 17:18 201 38262 in 4.7 55 48 48TE Tethys 2007-Jul-20 18:16 201 95188 in 6.5 94 49 49TE Tethys 2007-Aug-29 11:14 241 55393 in 4.8 102 49 49RH Rhea 2007-Aug-30 01:19 242 5727 out 6.7 46 49 49TI* Titan 2007-Aug-31 06:33 243 3324 out 6.1 87 49 49IA* Iapetus 2007-Sep-10 14:16 253 1622 out 2.4 59 50 50DI Dione 2007-Sep-30 05:48 273 43434 in 5.7 49 50 50EN Enceladus 2007-Sep-30 10:51 273 101494 in 6.5 95 50 50TL Telesto 2007-Sep-30 15:08 273 75929 out 7.7 163 50 50TI* Titan 2007-Oct-02 04:43 275 973 out 6.3 67 51 51HY Hyperion 2007-Oct-21 15:01 294 121742 in 4.9 116 51 51TI Titan 2007-Oct-22 01:12 295 438395 in 4.2 30 51 51HE Helene 2007-Oct-24 00:33 297 23943 in 7.7 76 51 51PM Prometheus 2007-Oct-24 06:30 297 104597 in 1.5 166 52 52RH Rhea 2007-Nov-16 19:43 320 91621 in 9.3 150 52 52AE Aegaeon 2007-Nov-17 06:15 321 99722 in 3.3 150 52 52PA Pandora 2007-Nov-17 06:59 321 93408 in 1.6 163 52 52PN Pan 2007-Nov-17 08:05 321 96662 out 1.3 138 52 52EP Epimetheus 2007-Nov-17 09:20 321 99466 out 1.9 102 52 52CA Calypso 2007-Nov-17 12:35 321 87970 out 10.5 147 52 52TI* Titan 2007-Nov-19 00:47 323 999 out 6.3 51 53 53TL Telesto 2007-Dec-03 05:23 337 119571 in 8.9 20 53 53MI Mimas 2007-Dec-03 05:26 337 84254 in 15.0 139 53 53AE Aegaeon 2007-Dec-03 06:03 337 81098 in 15.0 131 53 53EP Epimetheus 2007-Dec-03 06:52 337 9176 in 7.6 141 53 53TI* Titan 2007-Dec-05 00:07 339 1298 out 6.3 70 54 54TI* Titan 2007-Dec-20 22:58 354 970 out 6.3 61 55 55DI Dione 2008-Jan-03 20:13 003 121807 in 11.1 76 55 55PL Pallene 2008-Jan-03 21:52 003 105665 in 9.4 120 55 55JA Janus 2008-Jan-03 22:11 003 118143 in 10.1 154 55 55DA Daphnis 2008-Jan-03 22:50 003 119011 in 10.4 157 55 55PM Prometheus 2008-Jan-03 23:11 003 112567 in 10.5 152 55 55PA Pandora 2008-Jan-04 00:34 004 123127 in 11.3 119 55 55TI* Titan 2008-Jan-05 21:30 005 1014 out 6.3 38 56 56ME Methone 2008-Jan-15 21:11 015 15619 in 13.7 142 56 56PA Pandora 2008-Jan-15 22:20 015 95184 in 16.2 116 57 57TI Titan 2008-Jan-22 21:22 022 855500 in 4.5 69 57 57TI Titan 2008-Jan-27 12:32 027 985542 in 9.4 60 57 57AT Atlas 2008-Jan-27 19:15 027 75196 in 13.6 151 57 57EP Epimetheus 2008-Jan-27 20:17 027 89731 in 16.2 116 57 57PM Prometheus 2008-Jan-27 20:18 027 82364 in 15.4 125 57 57PA Pandora 2008-Jan-27 20:45 027 114392 in 17.3 109 58 58EP Epimetheus 2008-Feb-08 17:00 039 116982 in 13.4 121 58 58PA Pandora 2008-Feb-08 19:23 039 114439 in 17.3 110 58 58AT Atlas 2008-Feb-08 19:26 039 114719 out 17.2 110 59 59PN Pan 2008-Feb-20 17:51 051 79785 in 13.8 152 59 59PM Prometheus 2008-Feb-20 18:19 051 65853 in 14.2 152 59 59PA Pandora 2008-Feb-20 18:29 051 66345 in 14.5 145 59 59JA Janus 2008-Feb-20 19:08 051 110348 in 17.3 111 59 59TI* Titan 2008-Feb-22 17:32 053 1000 out 6.3 30 60 60DA Daphnis 2008-Mar-02 03:45 062 97746 in 15.8 155 60 60PM Prometheus 2008-Mar-02 04:16 062 99681 in 16.3 141 61 61TI Titan 2008-Mar-10 19:50 070 918312 in 6.3 124 61 61EN* Enceladus 2008-Mar-12 19:06 072 48 in 14.4 137 61 61DA Daphnis 2008-Mar-12 20:15 072 104056 in 16.4 139 62 62PL Pallene 2008-Mar-23 10:37 083 32686 in 15.0 135 62 62EP Epimetheus 2008-Mar-23 10:55 083 84179 in 15.6 152 62 62ME Methone 2008-Mar-23 11:24 083 102765 in 17.0 114 62 62TI* Titan 2008-Mar-25 14:28 085 999 out 6.3 21 63 63TI Titan 2008-Apr-01 15:53 092 973783 in 12.9 36 63 63PL Pallene 2008-Apr-01 17:20 092 104466 in 14.8 123 63 63AE Aegaeon 2008-Apr-01 18:17 092 103559 in 15.9 157 63 63JA Janus 2008-Apr-01 19:09 092 117131 in 16.6 148 64 64MI Mimas 2008-Apr-11 09:29 102 106553 in 17.1 129 65 65MI Mimas 2008-Apr-20 20:44 111 116382 in 15.6 135 65 65TL Telesto 2008-Apr-20 21:47 111 77619 in 15.5 88 65 65EP Epimetheus 2008-Apr-20 22:34 111 119101 in 16.8 148 66 66TI Titan 2008-Apr-26 18:57 117 780171 in 5.5 94 66 66TL Telesto 2008-Apr-30 10:26 121 35745 in 14.5 45 66 66PL Pallene 2008-Apr-30 11:51 121 93069 in 16.4 123 67 67ME Methone 2008-May-09 23:36 130 95843 in 15.2 138 67 67JA Janus 2008-May-10 00:06 131 120788 in 16.3 156 67 67TI* Titan 2008-May-12 10:02 133 1001 out 6.3 36 68 68CA Calypso 2008-May-17 23:03 138 111501 in 18.4 52 68 68ME Methone 2008-May-17 23:36 138 78909 in 20.1 105 68 68EP Epimetheus 2008-May-18 00:05 139 98913 out 21.5 118 69 69AE Aegaeon 2008-May-25 21:56 146 52212 in 19.0 119 69 69PL Pallene 2008-May-25 22:06 146 28257 in 18.3 51 69 69AT Atlas 2008-May-25 22:14 146 60519 in 19.9 155 69 69JA Janus 2008-May-25 22:50 146 63866 in 20.4 134 69 69TI* Titan 2008-May-28 08:25 149 1400 out 6.3 21 70 70PL Pallene 2008-Jun-01 22:01 153 115591 in 21.4 66 70 70JA Janus 2008-Jun-01 22:14 153 32923 in 22.1 109 71 71PN Pan 2008-Jun-09 00:43 161 116078 in 23.6 103 71 71PA Pandora 2008-Jun-09 02:16 161 64064 out 23.5 119 72 72TI Titan 2008-Jun-13 04:28 165 364575 in 5.8 88 72 72EP Epimetheus 2008-Jun-16 05:00 168 23096 in 22.5 127 72 72PM Prometheus 2008-Jun-16 05:03 168 31846 in 22.8 142 72 72ME Methone 2008-Jun-16 05:19 168 113224 out 23.3 100 73 73ME Methone 2008-Jun-23 08:06 175 55474 in 21.9 76 73 73PN Pan 2008-Jun-23 08:18 175 48789 in 23.3 132 74 74TI Titan 2008-Jun-28 15:58 180 729792 in 7.9 107 74 74PM Prometheus 2008-Jun-30 08:16 182 65577 in 22.6 106 74 74EN Enceladus 2008-Jun-30 08:47 182 83739 in 21.1 49 74 74JA Janus 2008-Jun-30 08:58 182 29622 in 22.6 124 74 74ME Methone 2008-Jun-30 09:05 182 84850 in 22.5 92 74 74AE Aegaeon 2008-Jun-30 09:21 182 95503 out 23.7 107 74 74AT Atlas 2008-Jun-30 09:22 182 73451 out 24 119 END OF PRIME MISSION 2008-06-30 2008-182 -------------------- Equinox (EXTENDED MISSION) 2008-07-01 to 2010-09-29 2008-183 to 2010-272 ---------------- The Cassini prime mission was the most complex gravity-assist tour ever flown. The extended mission maintained this level of design and navigational complexity in order to meet and balance the myriad of disparate scientific objectives requested by the Cassini discipline working groups within the 2.25-year time frame. As a result, compared to the prime mission, the EM trajectory clearly meets or exceeds the intensity of scientific opportunities. The two-year extension consists of 28 close Titan flybys, twelve close icy satellite flybys (of which eight are of Enceladus), 64 orbits around Saturn, and dozens more radio and Solar occultations by Saturn, its rings, and Titan. The EM begins at high inclination, where the prime mission left off, with the apoapsis of its orbit oriented nearly sunward. This geometry is maintained for nine months for continued in-situ study of Saturn's auroral region, complementing incomplete observations made at the end of the prime mission. Also, these high inclinations allowed for high priority stellar occultations by the main rings, particularly the very dense B ring. Since one of the ring-plane crossings of this orbit geometry was near Enceladus, it was also possible to insert three low Enceladus flybys during this phase while meeting the other objectives. Lastly, the Titan flybys during this high inclination phase were designed to obtain a mid-northern latitude Titan radio occultation and a high quality groundtrack over the Huygens landing site. This first phase completes with a short Titan-Titan 'Pi-transfer' phase, with the first encounter on one side of Titan's orbit and the second encounter one-half of one orbit later, on the opposite side of Titan's orbit. This creative strategy was implemented by the Cassini tour designers as a highly efficient method to transfer the orbit from one side of Saturn to another, speeding up the exploration of the environment compared to a more conventional, encounter-by-encounter rotation. The second major phase of the EM takes place over six months in the poorly sampled 'dusk sector' of Saturn, i.e. the side outward from Saturn's dusk terminator. This phase contains the Saturnian equinox in mid-August 2009, and is Cassini's only chance to study this infrequent geometric event, as it only occurs every 15 years. During this equinox viewing phase, Cassini's orbit inclination is slowly reduced, offering a generous variety of observation geometries for Saturn's rings, where the bulk of the equinox-related objectives are focused. In addition, Titan flyby geometries allow for key high-resolution radar mapping and Titan occultations. The third major phase is dominated by equatorial orbits and icy satellite encounters. The fourth through seventh Enceladus encounters occur here, as well as close flybys of Mimas, Dione, Rhea, and Helene (a Dione coorbital). Two of the Enceladus encounters, E7 and E9, are designed to pass deep within the plume emanating from the southern polar region. In addition, two high quality horizontal (ansa to ansa) ring occultations, long Saturn observation opportunities, a Titan wake crossing, and mid-northern latitude Saturn occultations are included in this icy satellite and ansa-to-ansa occultation phase. The final phase of the Equinox Mission is several months long, and contains a series of short Titan transfers designed for gravity measurements, more high northern Titan observations, and a third horizontal ring occultation. It is generally referred to as the high northern Titan groundtrack phase. Equinox (Extended) Mission Sequence Boundaries ---------------------------------------------- Sequence Rev Epoch (SCET) DOY Duration In days -------- --- ----------------- --- -------- S42 74 2008-Jul-01 19:08 183 40 S43 80 2008-Aug-11 00:20 224 34 S44 84 2008-Sep-13 22:19 257 35 S45 89 2008-Oct-18 20:21 292 39 S46 94 2008-Nov-26 17:55 331 44 S47 100 2009-Jan-09 15:16 009 39 S48 103 2009-Feb-17 12:35 048 37 S49 106 2009-Mar-26 10:05 085 40 S50 110 2009-May-05 07:16 125 39 S51 112 2009-Jun-13 04:41 164 41 S52 115 2009-Jul-23 21:51 204 32 S53 117 2009-Aug-25 12:04 237 41 S54 119 2009-Oct-05 04:03 278 40 S55 121 2009-Nov-13 19:21 317 39 S56 123 2009-Dec-22 23:26 356 32 S57 125 2010-Jan-23 15:00 023 37 S58 127 2010-Mar-01 19:04 060 34 S59 129 2010-Apr-05 02:49 095 42 S60 131 2010-May-17 13:31 137 39 S61* 133 2010-Jun-25 21:10 176 35 S62* 135 2010-Jul-30 18:51 211 37 S63* 137 2010-Sep-06 06:33 249 35 S64** 139 2010-Oct-11 04:17 284 45 S65** 141 2010-Nov-24 19:35 328 54 S66** 143 2011-Jan-17 08:42 017 49 S67** 146 2011-Mar-07 13:02 066 49 *XXM bridge sequences **XXM transition sequences; part of the Solstice Mission Equinox (Extended) Mission Satellite Encounter ---------------------------------------------- *Targeted fly-by Rev Name Satellite Epoch (SCET) DOY Alt in/ Speed Phase km out km/s deg ---- ----- --------- ---------------- --- --- --- ----- ---- 74 74TI Titan 2008-Jun-28 15:58 180 729792 in 7.9 107 74 74PM Prometheus 2008-Jun-30 08:16 182 65577 in 22.6 106 74 74EN Enceladus 2008-Jun-30 08:47 182 83739 in 21.1 49 74 74JA Janus 2008-Jun-30 08:58 182 29622 in 22.6 124 74 74ME Methone 2008-Jun-30 09:05 182 84850 in 22.5 92 74 74AE Aegaeon 2008-Jun-30 09:21 182 95503 out 23.7 107 74 74AT Atlas 2008-Jun-30 09:22 182 73451 out 24.0 119 75 75JA Janus 2008-Jul-07 08:57 189 81936 in 22.6 94 75 75PA Pandora 2008-Jul-07 09:39 189 22902 in 22.6 159 75 75ME Methone 2008-Jul-07 10:03 189 116251 out 23.4 102 76 76DA Daphnis 2008-Jul-14 10:06 196 44006 in 22.6 119 76 76PM Prometheus 2008-Jul-14 10:13 196 32627 in 22.5 127 76 76PL Pallene 2008-Jul-14 10:37 196 91903 in 22.1 84 76 76TI Titan 2008-Jul-15 21:27 197 542891 out 8.4 127 77 77PL Pallene 2008-Jul-21 11:07 203 59392 in 21.0 26 77 77AE Aegaeon 2008-Jul-21 11:12 203 12269 in 21.8 61 77 77AT Atlas 2008-Jul-21 11:24 203 28115 in 22.7 155 77 77DA Daphnis 2008-Jul-21 12:00 203 85403 out 24.4 118 77 77PN PAN 2008-Jul-21 12:04 203 90510 out 24.6 118 78 78PN PAN 2008-Jul-28 11:25 210 97258 in 23.3 102 78 78PM Prometheus 2008-Jul-28 12:19 210 24669 in 22.6 160 78 78EP Epimetheus 2008-Jul-28 13:02 210 107125 out 24.6 113 78* 78TI Titan 2008-Jul-31 02:13 213 1614 out 6.2 49 79 79MI Mimas 2008-Aug-04 10:28 217 121886 in 19.0 110 79 79EP Epimetheus 2008-Aug-04 12:48 217 102122 out 19.9 143 80 80ME Methone 2008-Aug-11 20:41 224 60459 in 18.4 127 80* 80EN Enceladus 2008-Aug-11 21:06 224 49 in 17.7 110 80 80MI Mimas 2008-Aug-11 21:48 224 81519 out 19.1 137 80 80DA Daphnis 2008-Aug-11 21:56 224 110008 out 20.3 149 81 81TI Titan 2008-Aug-15 20:47 228 302282 in 5.9 85 81 81PL Pallene 2008-Aug-19 06:10 232 43656 in 18.4 134 81 81PN Pan 2008-Aug-19 06:45 232 114580 out 20.5 146 82 82AT Atlas 2008-Aug-26 14:08 239 107606 in 19.9 149 83 83TI Titan 2008-Aug-31 13:13 244 603198 in 6.9 97 83 83JA Janus 2008-Sep-02 23:28 246 86927 in 19.4 156 83 83ME Methone 2008-Sep-03 00:26 247 90494 out 19.2 128 84 84AE Aegaeon 2008-Sep-10 08:44 254 74411 in 19.2 156 84 84EP Epimetheus 2008-Sep-10 08:51 254 91310 in 19.6 155 85 85TI Titan 2008-Sep-15 23:39 259 902601 in 8.7 99 85 85AE Aegaeon 2008-Sep-17 16:08 261 108860 in 19.2 121 85 85PA Pandora 2008-Sep-17 16:36 261 106172 in 19.7 144 85 85MI Mimas 2008-Sep-17 16:50 261 61154 in 18.3 139 85 85CA Calypso 2008-Sep-17 17:19 261 60875 in 17.5 45 85 85DA Daphnis 2008-Sep-17 17:56 261 108584 out 20.2 151 86 86TE Tethys 2008-Sep-25 01:24 269 109900 in 17.5 50 86 86AT Atlas 2008-Sep-25 01:41 269 105073 in 19.9 150 86 86PN Pan 2008-Sep-25 02:14 269 105262 in 20.1 157 86 86PL Pallene 2008-Sep-25 03:12 269 115320 out 19.3 118 87 87TE Tethys 2008-Oct-02 11:03 276 78712 in 17.6 70 87 87TI Titan 2008-Oct-03 23:03 277 780532 out 9.3 125 88 88TL Telesto 2008-Oct-09 18:46 283 67245 in 17.2 22 88 88JA Janus 2008-Oct-09 18:56 283 89530 in 19.4 151 88* 88EN Enceladus 2008-Oct-09 19:07 283 25 in 17.7 113 89 89PL Pallene 2008-Oct-17 02:58 291 28938 in 18.1 141 89 89EP Epimetheus 2008-Oct-17 04:22 291 119000 out 20.3 136 89 89TI Titan 2008-Oct-19 05:25 293 397700 out 7.1 125 90 90JA Janus 2008-Oct-24 09:14 298 108132 in 19.5 132 90 90PN Pan 2008-Oct-24 10:08 298 105460 in 20.1 156 90 90MI Mimas 2008-Oct-24 10:25 298 57283 in 18.3 155 91 91ME Methone 2008-Oct-31 16:02 305 116150 in 18.8 102 91 91PA Pandora 2008-Oct-31 16:31 305 111472 in 19.8 138 91 91DA Daphnis 2008-Oct-31 17:14 305 102875 in 19.9 155 91* 91EN Enceladus 2008-Oct-31 17:15 305 169 in 17.7 110 91 91AT Atlas 2008-Oct-31 18:11 305 112312 out 20.3 147 91 91EP Epimetheus 2008-Oct-31 18:35 305 118913 out 20.3 136 91* 91TI Titan 2008-Nov-03 17:35 308 1105 out 6.3 171 92 92PO Polydeuces 2008-Nov-08 20:58 313 120993 in 15.3 12 92 92TL Telesto 2008-Nov-08 21:28 313 67097 in 16.4 85 92 92EN Enceladus 2008-Nov-08 21:48 313 55274 in 16.9 127 93 93TE Tethys 2008-Nov-16 20:42 321 57646 in 15.9 41 93* 93TI Titan 2008-Nov-19 15:56 324 1023 out 6.3 28 94 94HE Helene 2008-Nov-24 08:27 329 65571 in 14.3 14 94 94TE Tethys 2008-Nov-24 08:46 329 23545 in 15.2 160 95 95EN Enceladus 2008-Dec-02 06:36 337 123745 in 15.7 115 95 95CA Calypso 2008-Dec-02 07:18 337 69572 in 15.2 93 95* 95TI Titan 2008-Dec-05 14:26 340 961 out 6.3 25 96 96CA Calypso 2008-Dec-09 18:40 344 74027 out 14.9 147 97* 97TI Titan 2008-Dec-21 13:00 356 971 out 6.3 83 100 100TI Titan 2009-Jan-14 09:29 014 704003 out 9.3 25 102 102RH Rhea 2009-Feb-02 10:45 033 98807 in 10.5 82 102* 102TI Titan 2009-Feb-07 08:51 038 967 out 6.3 136 103 103TI Titan 2009-Feb-13 18:26 044 707039 in 7.7 98 106 106TI Titan 2009-Mar-21 11:51 080 991549 in 8.0 63 106* 106TI Titan 2009-Mar-27 04:44 086 963 out 6.3 84 108* 108TI Titan 2009-Apr-04 01:48 094 4147 in 5.8 151 108 108TI Titan 2009-Apr-11 17:35 101 326143 out 6.0 67 109* 109TI Titan 2009-Apr-20 00:21 110 3599 in 5.8 149 109 109TI Titan 2009-Apr-27 04:06 117 694947 out 6.3 64 110* 110TI Titan 2009-May-05 22:54 125 3242 in 5.8 146 111* 111TI Titan 2009-May-21 21:27 141 966 in 6.0 142 112* 112TI Titan 2009-Jun-06 20:00 157 968 in 6.0 135 113* 113TI Titan 2009-Jun-22 18:33 173 955 in 6.0 128 114* 114TI Titan 2009-Jul-08 17:04 189 966 in 6.0 120 114 114DI Dione 2009-Jul-11 03:13 192 86563 out 9.2 62 115* 115TI Titan 2009-Jul-24 15:34 205 956 in 6.0 112 115 115PM Prometheus 2009-Jul-26 16:19 207 113398 out 10.4 79 115 115PA Pandora 2009-Jul-26 16:49 207 103586 out 10.1 66 115 115JA Janus 2009-Jul-26 17:06 207 94091 out 9.9 59 115 115TE Tethys 2009-Jul-26 18:15 207 68254 out 9.5 89 116* 116TI Titan 2009-Aug-09 14:04 221 971 in 6.0 104 116 116AT Atlas 2009-Aug-11 11:26 223 118903 in 14.4 117 117* 117TI Titan 2009-Aug-25 12:52 237 961 in 6.0 86 117 117AE Aegaeon 2009-Aug-27 09:37 239 106992 in 3.0 105 117 117PL Pallene 2009-Aug-27 11:03 239 101272 out 7.5 119 117 117TL Telesto 2009-Aug-27 13:11 239 25201 out 5.8 86 118 118PM Prometheus 2009-Sep-20 10:10 263 121149 out 2.7 73 118 118DI Dione 2009-Sep-20 16:51 263 97134 out 9.8 94 118 118TI Titan 2009-Sep-22 06:53 265 293866 out 4.8 113 119* 119TI Titan 2009-Oct-12 08:36 285 1300 in 6.0 99 119 119RH Rhea 2009-Oct-13 16:55 286 40404 in 9.0 82 119 119ME Methone 2009-Oct-14 03:18 287 86106 in 11.8 39 119 119AT Atlas 2009-Oct-14 04:20 287 70650 in 2.9 114 119 119CA Calypso 2009-Oct-14 04:33 287 100793 in 7.7 107 119 119MI Mimas 2009-Oct-14 06:33 287 44044 out 7.8 102 119 119TE Tethys 2009-Oct-14 10:11 287 85104 out 11.9 76 120 120TI Titan 2009-Nov-01 23:57 305 978758 in 9.9 73 120 120PL Pallene 2009-Nov-02 02:08 306 93545 in 12.6 46 120 120EP Epimetheus 2009-Nov-02 05:27 306 105159 out 8.0 6 120 120CA Calypso 2009-Nov-02 06:56 306 86769 out 6.9 117 120* 120EN Enceladus 2009-Nov-02 07:42 306 99 out 7.7 90 121 121HE Helene 2009-Nov-20 22:04 324 82627 in 6.6 105 121* 121EN Enceladus 2009-Nov-21 02:10 325 1597 in 7.8 88 121 121PA Pandora 2009-Nov-21 04:45 325 59455 in 3.0 103 121 121TI Titan 2009-Nov-21 08:30 325 965079 out 11.1 138 121 121CA Calypso 2009-Nov-21 10:20 325 37052 out 10.0 78 121 121RH Rhea 2009-Nov-21 17:36 325 24454 out 8.7 58 122 122HE Helene 2009-Dec-09 22:28 343 31766 in 9.6 73 122 122PL Pallene 2009-Dec-10 03:34 344 111224 in 13.7 47 122* 122TI Titan 2009-Dec-12 01:03 346 4848 out 5.7 124 123 123TE Tethys 2009-Dec-26 00:36 360 52931 in 11.8 77 123 123PM Prometheus 2009-Dec-26 05:01 360 56461 in 10.5 36 123* 123TI Titan 2009-Dec-28 00:17 362 951 out 5.9 86 124 124PA Pandora 2010-Jan-11 02:09 011 73053 in 7.1 141 124 124ME Methone 2010-Jan-11 02:25 011 26919 in 8.0 145 124 124EN Enceladus 2010-Jan-11 06:47 011 105787 out 11.4 98 124 124CA Calypso 2010-Jan-11 08:17 011 113039 out 8.0 102 124* 124TI Titan 2010-Jan-12 23:11 012 1074 out 5.9 95 125 125TL Telesto 2010-Jan-27 00:30 027 97062 in 7.2 91 125 125ME Methone 2010-Jan-27 01:40 027 72085 in 14.0 60 125 125PN Pan 2010-Jan-27 04:31 027 97941 out 14.8 123 125 125PM Prometheus 2010-Jan-27 04:36 027 32492 out 7.2 112 125 125AE Aegaeon 2010-Jan-27 05:19 027 13303 out 7.4 97 125 125DI Dione 2010-Jan-27 11:47 027 45080 out 8.7 106 125* 125TI Titan 2010-Jan-28 22:29 028 7486 out 5.7 69 126 126CA Calypso 2010-Feb-13 11:45 044 21317 in 10.1 72 126 126EP Epimetheus 2010-Feb-13 16:16 044 93236 in 12.4 30 126 126JA Janus 2010-Feb-13 16:22 044 115086 in 14.4 29 126 126MI Mimas 2010-Feb-13 17:22 044 9547 out 5.8 99 126 126TE Tethys 2010-Feb-13 18:16 044 111975 out 8.2 114 126 126TI Titan 2010-Feb-14 22:47 045 650558 out 8.8 32 127* 127RH Rhea 2010-Mar-02 17:41 061 102 in 8.6 87 127 127PN Pan 2010-Mar-03 04:38 062 103801 in 6.0 149 127 127CA Calypso 2010-Mar-03 11:03 062 91755 out 12.8 77 127 127HE Helene 2010-Mar-03 13:41 062 1856 out 9.1 106 128 128TI Titan 2010-Mar-19 14:37 078 649738 in 8.9 119 128 128TL Telesto 2010-Mar-20 16:17 079 92974 in 12.8 72 128 128AT Atlas 2010-Mar-20 20:48 079 101207 in 9.8 137 128 128PM Prometheus 2010-Mar-20 21:11 079 40889 in 3.9 101 128 128DA Daphnis 2010-Mar-20 21:43 079 65415 out 5.7 22 128 128ME Methone 2010-Mar-20 23:29 079 52103 out 10.9 99 128 128PL Pallene 2010-Mar-21 00:03 080 70664 out 12.5 94 128 128PO Polydeuces 2010-Mar-21 04:47 080 30029 out 10.2 70 129* 129TI Titan 2010-Apr-05 15:51 095 7438 in 5.7 73 129* 129DI Dione 2010-Apr-07 05:16 097 506 in 8.4 79 129 129CA Calypso 2010-Apr-07 08:00 097 97950 in 11.7 69 129 129EP Epimetheus 2010-Apr-07 12:46 097 61715 in 2.4 89 129 129JA Janus 2010-Apr-07 13:44 097 74603 out 2.8 40 129 129MI Mimas 2010-Apr-07 13:47 097 97429 out 10.3 124 129 129TE Tethys 2010-Apr-07 14:58 097 70779 out 6.4 103 130 130PM Prometheus 2010-Apr-27 20:39 117 84504 in 1.6 116 130 130TL Telesto 2010-Apr-27 20:45 117 79611 in 6.7 97 130 130TI Titan 2010-Apr-27 21:09 117 989121 in 12.5 94 130 130DA Daphnis 2010-Apr-27 22:42 117 86343 out 1.4 47 130 130PA Pandora 2010-Apr-27 23:05 117 91534 out 1.8 34 130 130PL Pallene 2010-Apr-27 23:46 117 71189 out 9.7 112 130 130PN Pan 2010-Apr-27 23:53 117 113811 out .5 24 130* 130EN Enceladus 2010-Apr-28 00:10 118 100 out 6.5 93 131* 131EN Enceladus 2010-May-18 06:05 138 437 in 6.5 114 131 131ME Methone 2010-May-18 08:21 138 18326 in 4.3 75 131* 131TI Titan 2010-May-20 03:24 140 1398 out 5.9 112 132 132HE Helene 2010-Jun-03 00:39 154 114183 in 11.7 85 132 132CA Calypso 2010-Jun-03 06:11 154 119914 in 8.9 80 132 132PA Pandora 2010-Jun-03 07:16 154 97170 in 14.1 44 132 132TE Tethys 2010-Jun-03 12:57 154 52566 out 9.6 99 132 132RH Rhea 2010-Jun-03 20:32 154 69353 out 8.0 102 132* 132TI Titan 2010-Jun-05 02:26 156 2042 out 5.8 87 133 133RH Rhea 2010-Jun-18 19:50 169 120595 in 10.7 109 133 133PN Pan 2010-Jun-19 07:10 170 29331 out 5.0 115 133 133PO Polydeuces 2010-Jun-19 14:09 170 97487 out 12.4 79 133* 133TI Titan 2010-Jun-21 01:28 172 878 out 5.9 82 134 134CA Calypso 2010-Jul-05 00:35 186 114698 in 12.7 70 134 134EN Enceladus 2010-Jul-05 02:02 186 58192 in 11.4 58 134 134DA Daphnis 2010-Jul-05 05:01 186 72649 in 9.2 48 134* 134TI Titan 2010-Jul-07 00:23 188 1004 out 5.9 82 135 135PM Prometheus 2010-Jul-25 03:30 206 70068 out 2.2 70 135 135AT Atlas 2010-Jul-25 04:32 206 89567 out 2.1 37 136 136TI Titan 2010-Aug-11 13:35 223 417269 in 4.0 80 136 136DI Dione 2010-Aug-13 17:44 225 108754 in 11.3 84 136 136CA Calypso 2010-Aug-13 20:31 225 22683 in 7.4 99 136* 136EN Enceladus 2010-Aug-13 22:31 225 2555 in 6.8 85 136 136EP Epimetheus 2010-Aug-13 23:21 225 101880 in 3.7 149 136 136AT Atlas 2010-Aug-14 00:34 226 74161 in 2.1 102 136 136PA Pandora 2010-Aug-14 01:08 226 67745 out 2.3 78 136 136DA Daphnis 2010-Aug-14 01:25 226 74372 out 2.0 68 136 136JA Janus 2010-Aug-14 02:01 226 79716 out 3.3 35 136 136PN Pan 2010-Aug-14 02:05 226 86698 out 1.8 48 136 136TE Tethys 2010-Aug-14 06:03 226 38053 out 9.3 91 137 137PO Polydeuces 2010-Sep-02 18:30 245 66576 in 7.0 94 137 137TL Telesto 2010-Sep-02 20:43 245 71186 in 10.8 73 137 137AE Aegaeon 2010-Sep-03 01:51 246 110713 out 9.3 27 137 137TI Titan 2010-Sep-03 02:29 246 985306 out 12.5 103 137 137EP Epimetheus 2010-Sep-03 03:00 246 93370 out 3.9 24 137 137DI Dione 2010-Sep-03 09:16 246 39035 out 9.2 83 138 138EN Enceladus 2010-Sep-23 03:07 266 112043 out 12.7 104 138 138CA Calypso 2010-Sep-23 04:54 266 28935 out 8.4 86 138 138PO Polydeuces 2010-Sep-23 07:26 266 100344 out 11.2 82 138* 138TI Titan 2010-Sep-24 18:39 267 8178 out 5.7 60 Solstice (EXTENDED-EXTENDED) MISSION 2010-09-30 to 2017-09-15 2010-273 to 2017-258 ------------------------- The Solstice Mission (SM) is planned to extend for seven years. It was approved, with the constraint that periodic senior reviews would be required to scope the mission as it progresses. This mission continues to explore the features of the Saturnian system such as the rings, the magnetosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites, especially Enceladus. The seven-year extension will also allow for the observations of the northern summer solstice at Saturn to assess seasonal changes. The proposed tour contains five phases; two contain equatorial orbits while the other phases are characterized by inclined orbits. The proposed SM features 54 Titan flybys, 23 close icy flybys (which include 11 Enceladus flybys), and 156 orbits of Saturn. The first inclined phase, In-0, began where the EM ended. The inclination was decreased over four months such that the subsequent transfer is equatorial. The second phase of the proposed SM takes place over 18 months and is characterized by equatorial orbits (Eq-1). During this phase, high northern Saturn occultations and Saturn observations free of ring obstruction were completed. The first seven targeted Enceladus flybys occur here, as well as close flybys of Rhea, Helene, Dione (twice), Tethys and Methone. Several of the Enceladus flybys include plume passages. The third phase (In-1A B and C) is dominated by highly inclined orbits. These orbits are enabling ring observations, magnetotail crossings, and Saturn high-latitude occultations. Titan flyby geometries allow for many low altitude, non-equatorial groundtracks. The fourth phase (Eq-2) is eight months long and is comprised of equatorial orbits. The final three targeted Enceladus encounters and two close Dione flybys will occur here. This phase is important for setting up the orbit geometry for the proximal orbits in the final tour phase. The final phase of the tour (In-2) contains a series of Titan flybys that allow for numerous Titan polar occultations, as well as low altitude groundtracks. This phase also includes long duration Saturn occultations to enable Saturn eclipse imaging. The F-ring orbits begin on 29-Nov-2016. The periapse radii of these 20 orbits is ~2.5 RS which puts the spacecraft between the F-ring and the G-ring. These orbits allow for quality, close-up observations of the rings and other features of the Saturnian system at low phase. Solstice (Extended-Extended) Mission Sequence Boundaries -------------------------------------------------------- Sequence Rev Epoch (SCET) DOY Duration In days -------- --- ----------------- --- -------- S64 139 2010-Oct-11 04:17 284 45 S65 141 2010-Nov-24 19:35 328 54 S66 143 2011-Jan-17 08:42 017 49 S67 146 2011-Mar-07 13:02 066 49 S68 147 2011-Apr-25 16:03 115 69 S69 150 2011-Jul-03 11:10 184 66 S70 153 2011-Sep-07 00:48 250 70 S71 157 2011-Nov-16 03:02 320 70 S72 160 2012-Jan-24 22:55 024 73 S73 164 2012-Apr-06 11:47 097 73 S74 168 2012-Jun-18 22:58 170 67 S75 171 2012-Aug-25 02:19 238 70 S76 174 2012-Nov-02 14:30 307 72 S77 179 2013-Jan-13 17:51 013 72 S78 184 2013-Mar-26 13:15 085 72 S79 191 2013-Jun-07 00:45 158 68 S80 196 2013-Aug-14 09:51 226 70 S81 198 2013-Oct-22 23:15 295 66 S82 200 2013-Dec-28 01:47 362 76 S83 202 2014-Mar-13 21:12 072 72 S84 204 2014-May-24 10:01 144 68 S85 206 2014-Jul-31 05:09 212 67 S86 209 2014-Oct-06 01:01 279 72 S87 210 2014-Dec-17 03:15 351 67 S88 212 2015-Feb-21 16:52 052 69 S89 215 2015-May-01 18:45 121 73 S90 218 2015-Jul-13 13:42 194 70 S91 222 2015-Sep-21 02:48 264 65 S92 226 2015-Nov-25 06:08 329 74 S93 231 2016-Feb-07 00:48 038 72 S94 235 2016-Apr-18 18:43 109 69 S95 237 2016-Jun-26 15:44 178 74 S96 242 2016-Sep-08 10:36 252 76 S97 249 2016-Nov-23 05:43 328 66 S98 259 2017-Jan-28 02:01 028 71 S99 268 2017-Apr-08 21:55 098 67 S100 279 2017-Jun-14 17:15 165 71 S101 290 2017-Aug-24 12:25 236 23 End of S101 2017-Sep-16 259 Solstice (Extended-Extended) Mission Satellite Encounter -------------------------------------------------------- *Targeted fly-by Rev Name Satellite Epoch (SCET) DOY Alt in/ Speed Phase km out km/s deg ---- ----- --------- ---------------- --- --- --- ----- ---- 139 139TI Titan 2010-Oct-14 17:07 287 172783 in 4.8 80 139 139PO Polydeuces 2010-Oct-16 10:47 289 115999 in 10.8 73 139 139MI Mimas 2010-Oct-16 17:32 289 70136 in 2.4 101 139 139PL Pallene 2010-Oct-16 17:57 289 36108 in 3.5 82 139 139TL Telesto 2010-Oct-16 18:05 289 48494 out 5.5 99 139 139ME Methone 2010-Oct-16 18:39 289 105279 out 5.8 23 139 139AE Aegaeon 2010-Oct-16 19:17 289 96386 out 1.9 40 139 139DI Dione 2010-Oct-17 01:04 290 31420 out 6.8 91 139 139RH Rhea 2010-Oct-17 06:48 290 38483 out 7.1 100 140 140DI Dione 2010-Nov-09 10:56 313 99850 in 10.2 74 140 140EN Enceladus 2010-Nov-09 16:22 313 44990 in 6.5 50 140* 140TI Titan 2010-Nov-11 13:37 315 7926 out 5.6 121 141 141HY Hyperion 2010-Nov-28 03:29 332 71846 in 4.9 73 141 141TI Titan 2010-Nov-29 06:26 333 926131 in 10.5 130 141 141AT Atlas 2010-Nov-30 07:18 334 114368 in .7 144 141 141JA Janus 2010-Nov-30 11:13 334 95616 out 2.4 29 141* 141EN Enceladus 2010-Nov-30 11:54 334 46 out 6.3 78 142 142TI Titan 2010-Dec-16 19:57 350 848609 in 3.6 91 142 142TI Titan 2010-Dec-20 12:17 354 893286 in 6.3 46 142 142DI Dione 2010-Dec-20 16:51 354 100150 in 5.9 87 142 142PN Pan 2010-Dec-20 20:36 354 115572 in .4 141 142 142PA Pandora 2010-Dec-20 20:42 354 109113 in 1.1 143 142 142DA Daphnis 2010-Dec-20 23:36 354 85020 out 1.3 61 142* 142EN Enceladus 2010-Dec-21 01:08 355 48 out 6.2 89 143 143PA Pandora 2011-Jan-10 14:43 010 94713 in 1.5 133 143 143ME Methone 2011-Jan-10 17:23 010 85743 out 9.4 127 143 143TI Titan 2011-Jan-11 03:19 011 838661 out 5.9 140 143* 143RH Rhea 2011-Jan-11 04:53 011 70 out 8.0 101 143 143TI Titan 2011-Jan-14 09:20 014 772713 out 3.6 96 144 144EP Epimetheus 2011-Jan-31 02:15 031 68453 in 2.5 116 144 144CA Calypso 2011-Jan-31 03:49 031 77726 out 6.6 94 144 144PM Prometheus 2011-Jan-31 04:47 031 105546 out 1.1 33 144 144EN Enceladus 2011-Jan-31 05:52 031 60154 out 9.6 111 144 144HE Helene 2011-Jan-31 10:17 031 27644 out 7.5 92 145* 145TI Titan 2011-Feb-18 16:04 049 3651 in 5.8 62 145 145EN Enceladus 2011-Feb-20 14:03 051 67918 out 4.2 134 145 145PL Pallene 2011-Feb-20 14:49 051 92220 out 2.7 56 145 145TE Tethys 2011-Feb-20 17:13 051 47674 out 6.7 124 146 146TL Telesto 2011-Mar-20 12:14 079 10035 out 4.3 83 147 147AE Aegaeon 2011-Apr-17 09:12 107 118154 in .6 109 147 147HE Helene 2011-Apr-17 13:39 107 69498 out 5.2 81 147* 147TI Titan 2011-Apr-19 05:01 109 10053 out 5.6 101 148* 148TI Titan 2011-May-08 22:54 128 1873 in 5.9 47 149 149HE Helene 2011-Jun-18 19:32 169 6972 in 4.6 102 149 149TL Telesto 2011-Jun-18 23:40 169 62002 in 2.8 108 149* 149TI Titan 2011-Jun-20 18:32 171 1359 out 5.9 73 150 150TI Titan 2011-Jul-09 06:59 190 627647 in 8.8 168 150 150HE Helene 2011-Jul-10 10:46 191 92958 in 5.6 40 150 150JA Janus 2011-Jul-10 15:44 191 92986 in 1.0 141 150 150PN Pan 2011-Jul-10 15:51 191 110206 in 0.1 138 150 150PM Prometheus 2011-Jul-10 17:15 191 113120 out 0.2 108 151 151HE Helene 2011-Aug-01 00:39 213 76572 in 9.6 129 151 151TI Titan 2011-Aug-01 07:08 213 983659 in 11.2 37 151 151TL Telesto 2011-Aug-01 08:10 213 50582 in 5.6 45 151 151ME Methone 2011-Aug-01 08:41 213 97432 out 5.8 81 151 151RH Rhea 2011-Aug-01 21:02 213 5854 out 7.7 131 152 152EP Epimetheus 2011-Aug-23 03:17 235 95970 in 1.1 153 152 152AT Atlas 2011-Aug-23 05:29 235 118349 out 0.1 104 152 152TI Titan 2011-Aug-24 12:11 236 585571 out 8.5 101 152 152HY Hyperion 2011-Aug-25 16:47 237 24979 out 5.1 107 153* 153TI Titan 2011-Sep-12 02:50 255 5821 in 5.8 159 153 153RH Rhea 2011-Sep-13 10:34 256 25416 in 8.7 141 153 153TE Tethys 2011-Sep-13 18:19 256 32819 in 7.3 53 153 153PA Pandora 2011-Sep-13 22:37 256 58109 in 2.7 154 153 153EN Enceladus 2011-Sep-13 22:49 256 42217 in 6.3 51 153 153JA Janus 2011-Sep-13 23:09 256 45580 out 3.5 109 153 153ME Methone 2011-Sep-14 00:48 257 119908 out 14.0 159 153 153PL Pallene 2011-Sep-14 01:21 257 25976 out 8.2 152 153 153TL Telesto 2011-Sep-14 03:53 257 23335 out 7.7 53 153 153HY Hyperion 2011-Sep-16 13:23 259 57978 out 4.8 84 154 154TI Titan 2011-Sep-28 03:23 271 679829 in 3.7 43 154 154TI Titan 2011-Sep-30 17:19 273 835954 in 3.1 12 154* 154EN Enceladus 2011-Oct-01 13:52 274 99 in 7.4 102 154 154EP Epimetheus 2011-Oct-01 17:31 274 67922 out 4.2 81 154 154CA Calypso 2011-Oct-01 21:46 274 124832 out 13.3 136 155 155TL Telesto 2011-Oct-19 07:36 292 25569 in 7.5 53 155* 155EN Enceladus 2011-Oct-19 09:22 292 1231 in 7.5 118 156* 156EN Enceladus 2011-Nov-06 04:59 310 496 in 7.4 74 156 156ME Methone 2011-Nov-06 06:37 310 19406 in 6.3 107 156 156PA Pandora 2011-Nov-06 08:58 310 76343 out 3.2 81 156 156CA Calypso 2011-Nov-06 10:00 310 86241 out 6.9 55 157 157HE Helene 2011-Nov-23 21:05 327 103250 in 11.4 134 157 157EN Enceladus 2011-Nov-24 03:03 328 34524 in 6.2 52 157 157EP Epimetheus 2011-Nov-24 04:44 328 51252 out 3.5 103 157 157TI Titan 2011-Nov-24 15:00 328 863156 out 6.1 97 157 157TI Titan 2011-Nov-27 23:52 331 748427 out 3.8 52 158 158CA Calypso 2011-Dec-12 00:26 346 91807 in 7.1 42 158 158EN Enceladus 2011-Dec-12 04:27 346 19908 out 6.5 41 158 158TE Tethys 2011-Dec-12 07:05 346 60603 out 10.8 139 158* 158DI Dione 2011-Dec-12 09:39 346 99 out 8.7 49 158* 158TI Titan 2011-Dec-13 20:11 347 3586 out 5.8 100 159* 159TI Titan 2012-Jan-02 15:14 002 29415 in 5.5 76 159 159HE Helene 2012-Jan-04 05:38 004 42192 in 8.1 112 159 159MI Mimas 2012-Jan-04 11:17 004 103426 in 2.0 161 159 159JA Janus 2012-Jan-04 12:21 004 117855 in 0.2 135 160* 160TI Titan 2012-Jan-30 13:40 030 31131 out 5.4 96 161* 161TI Titan 2012-Feb-19 08:43 050 3803 in 5.8 143 161 161PO Polydeuces 2012-Feb-20 22:33 051 90784 in 6.3 59 161 161TL Telesto 2012-Feb-21 01:14 052 55047 in 6.6 64 161 161EN Enceladus 2012-Feb-21 02:01 052 46669 in 10.1 100 161 161PL Pallene 2012-Feb-21 02:55 052 69242 in 11.0 92 161 161PA Pandora 2012-Feb-21 05:51 052 60385 out 2.9 87 161 161DI Dione 2012-Feb-21 11:10 052 119724 out 6.0 74 161 161RH Rhea 2012-Feb-21 17:16 052 100499 out 9.9 104 162 162TI Titan 2012-Mar-06 07:50 066 717800 in 3.7 56 162 162HY Hyperion 2012-Mar-08 01:31 068 104027 in 5.5 148 162 162TI Titan 2012-Mar-09 10:14 069 864023 in 4.5 16 162 162HE Helene 2012-Mar-09 18:49 069 109821 in 11.6 121 162 162EN Enceladus 2012-Mar-09 23:22 069 9176 in 7.0 75 162 162PM Prometheus 2012-Mar-10 02:30 070 58016 out 2.5 102 162 162EP Epimetheus 2012-Mar-10 03:29 070 111431 out 6.9 49 162 162CA Calypso 2012-Mar-10 06:36 070 47338 out 6.8 63 162 162RH Rhea 2012-Mar-10 15:03 070 41864 out 7.5 73 163 163PO Polydeuces 2012-Mar-27 15:54 087 118106 in 6.0 53 163* 163EN Enceladus 2012-Mar-27 18:30 087 74 in 7.5 105 163 163PM Prometheus 2012-Mar-27 21:01 087 62913 in 2.5 145 163 163JA Janus 2012-Mar-27 21:34 087 43862 out 3.2 116 163 163DI Dione 2012-Mar-28 05:07 088 44000 out 7.5 64 164 164HE Helene 2012-Apr-14 09:37 105 104849 in 11.5 121 164 164CA Calypso 2012-Apr-14 12:44 105 48738 in 6.7 62 164* 164EN Enceladus 2012-Apr-14 14:02 105 74 in 7.5 104 164 164PM Prometheus 2012-Apr-14 15:16 105 97622 in 2.4 166 164 164PA Pandora 2012-Apr-14 15:43 105 87234 in 3.3 167 164 164TI Titan 2012-Apr-14 18:44 105 995034 out 12.5 78 164 164TE Tethys 2012-Apr-14 22:06 105 9052 out 8.7 126 164 164HY Hyperion 2012-Apr-16 21:30 107 123216 out 5.7 87 165 165PO Polydeuces 2012-May-02 06:55 123 117987 in 6.0 53 165* 165EN Enceladus 2012-May-02 09:31 123 74 in 7.5 100 165 165AT Atlas 2012-May-02 13:54 123 84715 out 2.5 65 165 165DI Dione 2012-May-02 20:13 123 8063 out 8.5 65 165 165TI Titan 2012-May-03 01:17 124 834430 out 5.2 111 165 165TI Titan 2012-May-06 03:41 127 699949 out 3.7 65 166 166TE Tethys 2012-May-20 02:15 141 53806 in 6.6 62 166 166EN Enceladus 2012-May-20 03:03 141 70352 in 11.4 102 166 166DA Daphnis 2012-May-20 03:58 141 115206 in 1.4 161 166 166PM Prometheus 2012-May-20 04:33 141 100888 in 2.6 164 166 166PN Pan 2012-May-20 06:03 141 63574 in 2.2 137 166 166ME Methone 2012-May-20 06:57 141 1863 out 5.1 126 166 166MI Mimas 2012-May-20 08:04 141 113321 out 13.7 148 166 166PL Pallene 2012-May-20 08:57 141 75139 out 11.3 142 166 166TL Telesto 2012-May-20 11:31 141 11015 out 8.9 128 166* 166TI Titan 2012-May-22 01:10 143 955 out 5.9 71 167 167PL Pallene 2012-Jun-05 02:32 157 74747 in 12.1 93 167 167PM Prometheus 2012-Jun-05 03:01 157 99959 in 5.7 161 167 167PA Pandora 2012-Jun-05 04:22 157 49933 in 5.5 126 167 167MI Mimas 2012-Jun-05 05:08 157 43555 out 7.2 114 167 167DA Daphnis 2012-Jun-05 05:13 157 75878 out 7.1 74 167 167AT Atlas 2012-Jun-05 05:35 157 100378 out 8.7 60 167* 167TI Titan 2012-Jun-07 00:07 159 959 out 5.9 75 168 168TI Titan 2012-Jun-27 06:58 179 458663 in 5.6 97 168 168TE Tethys 2012-Jun-28 21:09 180 68474 in 7.7 80 169 169HE Helene 2012-Jul-22 21:21 204 110968 in 6.0 91 169* 169TI Titan 2012-Jul-24 20:03 206 1012 out 5.9 58 170 170TL Telesto 2012-Aug-12 21:46 225 92901 in 7.9 103 171 171TI Titan 2012-Sep-02 19:44 246 784736 in 7.2 39 172* 172TI Titan 2012-Sep-26 14:36 270 956 out 5.9 47 174* 174TI Titan 2012-Nov-13 10:22 318 973 out 5.9 68 175* 175TI Titan 2012-Nov-29 08:57 334 1014 out 5.9 44 176 176TI Titan 2012-Dec-09 23:16 344 906852 in 8.1 85 176 176TI Titan 2012-Dec-15 13:50 350 899666 out 4.6 103 177 177TI Titan 2012-Dec-22 17:28 357 714543 in 8.1 31 177 177RH Rhea 2012-Dec-22 23:07 357 22880 in 9.1 43 181* 181TI Titan 2013-Feb-17 01:57 048 1978 out 5.8 35 182 182TI Titan 2013-Feb-25 17:27 056 707386 in 8.4 41 183* 183RH Rhea 2013-Mar-09 18:17 068 997 in 9.3 138 185* 185TI Titan 2013-Apr-05 21:44 095 1400 out 5.8 69 186 186TI Titan 2013-Apr-12 03:48 102 939362 in 10.1 50 186 186PO Polydeuces 2013-Apr-12 07:45 102 115510 in 11.5 126 188 188TI Titan 2013-May-01 13:43 121 900101 in 10.7 59 189 189TI Titan 2013-May-07 16:25 127 908114 in 6.3 127 190* 190TI Titan 2013-May-23 17:33 143 970 out 5.9 50 191 191TI Titan 2013-May-31 13:54 151 568226 in 7.6 27 194* 194TI Titan 2013-Jul-10 13:22 191 964 out 5.9 46 195 195TI Titan 2013-Jul-20 02:45 201 889473 in 6.2 111 195* 195TI Titan 2013-Jul-26 11:56 207 1400 out 5.8 58 197 197TI Titan 2013-Sep-04 21:26 247 531399 in 4.7 126 197* 197TI Titan 2013-Sep-12 07:44 255 1400 out 5.8 21 198* 198TI Titan 2013-Oct-14 04:56 287 961 out 5.9 25 199* 199TI Titan 2013-Dec-01 00:41 335 1400 in 5.8 50 200* 200TI Titan 2014-Jan-01 22:00 001 1400 in 5.8 35 200 200TI Titan 2014-Jan-09 10:02 009 810301 out 4.3 169 201* 201TI Titan 2014-Feb-02 19:13 033 1236 in 5.9 44 201 201TI Titan 2014-Feb-10 13:05 041 887334 out 4.1 134 202* 202TI Titan 2014-Mar-06 16:27 065 1500 in 5.8 53 203* 203TI Titan 2014-Apr-07 13:41 097 963 in 5.9 60 204* 204TI Titan 2014-May-17 16:12 137 2994 out 5.7 158 205* 205TI Titan 2014-Jun-18 13:28 169 3659 out 5.6 165 206* 206TI Titan 2014-Jul-20 10:41 201 5103 out 5.6 171 207 207TI Titan 2014-Aug-13 12:08 225 959146 in 4.2 34 207* 207TI Titan 2014-Aug-21 08:09 233 964 out 5.8 12 208* 208TI Titan 2014-Sep-22 05:23 265 1400 out 5.8 21 209* 209TI Titan 2014-Oct-24 02:41 297 1013 out 5.8 31 210* 210TI Titan 2014-Dec-10 22:27 344 980 out 5.8 56 211* 211TI Titan 2015-Jan-11 19:49 011 970 out 5.8 46 212 212RH Rhea 2015-Feb-10 06:46 041 46936 in 5.3 108 212* 212TI Titan 2015-Feb-12 17:08 043 1200 out 5.8 55 213 213HE Helene 2015-Mar-14 11:09 073 58238 in 5.4 80 213 213CA Calypso 2015-Mar-14 15:28 073 101443 in 3.3 84 213* 213TI Titan 2015-Mar-16 14:30 075 2275 out 5.7 70 214 214TI Titan 2015-Apr-11 17:55 101 899021 out 8.8 132 214 214TE Tethys 2015-Apr-11 17:58 101 52863 out 3.5 32 214 214DI Dione 2015-Apr-11 23:22 101 110133 out 8.0 28 215* 215TI Titan 2015-May-07 22:50 127 2722 in 5.7 34 215 215AE Aegaeon 2015-May-09 16:51 129 92552 in 1.6 28 215 215DA Daphnis 2015-May-09 17:24 129 113729 in 0.1 43 215 215TL Telesto 2015-May-09 17:53 129 46450 in 5.3 126 215 215PO Polydeuces 2015-May-10 01:12 130 33998 out 6.6 130 216 216TI Titan 2015-May-28 10:24 148 942020 in 9.3 147 216 216TL Telesto 2015-May-28 14:09 148 44720 in 5.3 127 216 216HY Hyperion 2015-May-31 13:36 151 34284 out 4.3 70 217 217PO Polydeuces 2015-Jun-16 05:25 167 34794 in 6.6 121 217 217ME Methone 2015-Jun-16 11:40 167 109537 in 5.3 26 217 217PN Pan 2015-Jun-16 11:56 167 118209 in 0.3 41 217 217AT Atlas 2015-Jun-16 12:30 167 111240 in 0.0 50 217 217JA Janus 2015-Jun-16 13:38 167 101448 out 0.8 72 217 217TL Telesto 2015-Jun-16 13:40 167 44152 out 5.3 127 217 217TI Titan 2015-Jun-16 18:23 167 957887 out 8.8 97 217* 217DI Dione 2015-Jun-16 20:12 167 516 out 7.3 58 218 218PN Pan 2015-Jul-05 11:47 186 115975 out 0.3 64 218 218TL Telesto 2015-Jul-05 14:53 186 14173 out 5.8 127 218* 218TI Titan 2015-Jul-07 08:10 188 10953 out 5.6 78 219 219TI Titan 2015-Jul-25 22:36 206 729261 in 9.2 31 219 219DI Dione 2015-Jul-27 00:56 208 60519 in 5.1 120 219 219EN Enceladus 2015-Jul-27 06:18 208 111419 out 6.7 24 220* 220DI Dione 2015-Aug-17 18:33 229 474 in 6.4 67 220 220TE Tethys 2015-Aug-17 21:56 229 41892 in 6.3 82 220 220EN Enceladus 2015-Aug-18 01:17 230 53166 in 3.3 78 220 220ME Methone 2015-Aug-18 01:35 230 89808 out 1.6 61 220 220TI Titan 2015-Aug-18 01:53 230 960427 out 10.1 120 220 220HE Helene 2015-Aug-18 08:33 230 113493 out 9.4 46 221 221DI Dione 2015-Sep-08 14:33 251 41945 in 7.6 67 221 221HE Helene 2015-Sep-09 04:53 252 82941 out 8.6 45 221 221TI Titan 2015-Sep-10 06:21 253 706922 out 9.1 89 222* 222TI Titan 2015-Sep-28 21:37 271 1036 in 5.8 42 222 222DI Dione 2015-Sep-30 08:41 273 40826 in 10.1 63 222 222CA Calypso 2015-Sep-30 11:04 273 43883 in 10.8 72 222 222MI Mimas 2015-Sep-30 14:12 273 64816 in 11.8 93 222 222TE Tethys 2015-Sep-30 16:59 273 117361 out 8.5 106 222 222AE Aegaeon 2015-Sep-30 17:35 273 79771 out 12.1 40 222 222TL Telesto 2015-Sep-30 21:15 273 117964 out 13.7 68 222 222RH Rhea 2015-Oct-01 04:26 274 57871 out 9.3 85 223 223TI Titan 2015-Oct-13 12:43 286 826227 in 10.1 31 223 223PO Polydeuces 2015-Oct-14 06:50 287 115856 in 12.3 61 223* 223EN Enceladus 2015-Oct-14 10:42 287 1839 in 8.5 63 223 223ME Methone 2015-Oct-14 11:54 287 39960 in 9.9 89 223 223PM Prometheus 2015-Oct-14 13:44 287 120126 in 12.6 25 223 223HE Helene 2015-Oct-14 20:59 287 117105 out 6.0 102 224 224PO Polydeuces 2015-Oct-28 04:12 301 84470 in 7.0 116 224 224TL Telesto 2015-Oct-28 07:18 301 59686 in 6.9 113 224 224DA Daphnis 2015-Oct-28 11:25 301 73316 in 6.3 26 224 224PN Pan 2015-Oct-28 12:32 301 64881 out 4.7 116 224* 224EN Enceladus 2015-Oct-28 15:23 301 49 out 8.5 118 224 224HE Helene 2015-Oct-28 19:26 301 78795 out 11.1 77 224 224TI Titan 2015-Oct-29 14:05 302 800186 out 10.0 112 225 225CA Calypso 2015-Nov-11 07:21 315 104480 in 7.5 122 225 225PN Pan 2015-Nov-11 07:22 315 111577 in 3.6 29 225 225PA Pandora 2015-Nov-11 09:31 315 107617 out 12.3 118 225 225TE Tethys 2015-Nov-11 14:42 315 8362 out 8.8 100 225* 225TI Titan 2015-Nov-13 05:47 317 11920 out 5.5 92 226 226TE Tethys 2015-Nov-23 21:57 327 17504 in 9.2 113 226 226AT Atlas 2015-Nov-24 02:33 328 104361 in 16.5 102 226 226DA Daphnis 2015-Nov-24 02:35 328 77508 in 13.1 104 226 226ME Methone 2015-Nov-24 05:46 328 37687 out 11.6 56 226 226TI Titan 2015-Nov-30 05:57 334 753128 out 4.0 113 227 227EP Epimetheus 2015-Dec-06 20:38 340 2621 out 5.5 65 227 227AT Atlas 2015-Dec-06 20:56 340 21486 out 5.9 46 227 227PM Prometheus 2015-Dec-06 21:03 340 22201 out 6.5 45 228 228TI Titan 2015-Dec-17 13:23 351 148654 in 4.7 130 228 228AE Aegaeon 2015-Dec-19 12:59 353 2544 in 6.9 84 228* 228EN Enceladus 2015-Dec-19 17:49 353 4999 out 9.5 114 228 228CA Calypso 2015-Dec-19 19:11 353 91785 out 13.4 69 229 229RH Rhea 2015-Dec-31 22:31 365 24491 in 9.0 42 229 229AE Aegaeon 2016-Jan-01 08:59 001 93625 in 15.7 88 229 229PN Pan 2016-Jan-01 10:14 001 97040 in 14.7 107 229 229PA Pandora 2016-Jan-01 11:28 001 107833 out 16.6 36 229 229ME Methone 2016-Jan-01 12:10 001 27766 out 7.1 120 229 229TE Tethys 2016-Jan-01 15:52 001 38851 out 11.3 68 230 230CA Calypso 2016-Jan-14 02:03 014 115035 in 14.3 61 230 230EN Enceladus 2016-Jan-14 03:20 014 72221 in 13.4 70 230 230MI Mimas 2016-Jan-14 06:06 014 27543 in 7.0 105 230 230AT Atlas 2016-Jan-14 06:20 014 93367 in 14.7 103 230 230DA Daphnis 2016-Jan-14 07:15 014 23051 out 5.4 47 230 230TL Telesto 2016-Jan-14 12:15 014 14031 out 9.3 115 230* 230TI Titan 2016-Jan-16 02:21 016 3817 out 5.7 99 231 231PN Pan 2016-Jan-30 07:21 030 116654 out 0.6 129 231 231PO Polydeuces 2016-Jan-30 11:12 030 104765 out 5.9 105 231* 231TI Titan 2016-Feb-01 01:01 032 1400 out 5.8 120 232 232PO Polydeuces 2016-Feb-14 20:17 045 77354 in 7.8 96 232 232TL Telesto 2016-Feb-15 00:15 046 48862 in 6.7 103 232 232EP Epimetheus 2016-Feb-15 00:25 046 116042 in 4.5 26 232 232EN Enceladus 2016-Feb-15 05:01 046 83952 out 8.0 74 232* 232TI Titan 2016-Feb-16 23:52 047 1018 out 5.9 122 233 233TI Titan 2016-Mar-08 08:01 068 425884 in 6.1 76 234* 234TI Titan 2016-Apr-04 19:48 095 990 out 5.9 138 235* 235TI Titan 2016-May-06 17:01 127 971 out 5.9 138 236* 236TI Titan 2016-Jun-07 14:13 159 975 out 5.9 124 238* 238TI Titan 2016-Jul-25 10:05 207 976 out 5.9 101 239* 239TI Titan 2016-Aug-10 08:38 223 1599 out 5.8 92 240 240TI Titan 2016-Aug-19 06:48 232 826334 in 8.5 110 241 241TI Titan 2016-Aug-30 14:13 243 985764 in 8.0 91 243 243PO Polydeuces 2016-Sep-24 03:54 268 110203 in 9.4 40 243* 243TI Titan 2016-Sep-27 04:23 271 1737 out 5.8 88 244 244TI Titan 2016-Oct-03 17:31 277 876961 in 10.4 144 244 244HE Helene 2016-Oct-03 21:56 277 106507 in 12.5 128 246 246TL Telesto 2016-Oct-23 01:32 297 58910 in 12.1 71 247 247TI Titan 2016-Oct-29 08:56 303 860405 in 5.6 41 247 247TL Telesto 2016-Nov-01 13:35 306 104063 in 11.7 22 247 247PO Polydeuces 2016-Nov-01 13:38 306 106986 in 11.3 71 248 248TE Tethys 2016-Nov-11 05:17 316 102344 in 12.8 101 248* 248TI Titan 2016-Nov-14 00:02 319 1582 out 5.8 80 249 249MI Mimas 2016-Nov-19 07:36 324 47202 in 15.7 18 249 249DA Daphnis 2016-Nov-19 08:16 324 86038 in 17.5 56 249 249ME Methone 2016-Nov-19 08:24 324 72424 in 17.2 103 249 249PA Pandora 2016-Nov-19 08:44 324 94774 in 17.9 78 250 250EP Epimetheus 2016-Nov-27 06:33 332 86128 in 16.7 10 250 250EN Enceladus 2016-Nov-27 06:55 332 21993 in 15.6 103 250* 250TI Titan 2016-Nov-29 22:21 334 3223 out 5.7 82 251 251ME Methone 2016-Dec-04 13:10 339 50541 in 19.4 110 251 251PN Pan 2016-Dec-04 13:39 339 56411 out 21.6 103 252 252PM Prometheus 2016-Dec-11 16:54 346 104160 in 21.6 43 252 252PL Pallene 2016-Dec-11 17:31 346 94629 in 20.3 132 253 253TI Titan 2016-Dec-15 21:53 350 343212 in 5.3 58 253 253AE Aegaeon 2016-Dec-18 21:16 353 98495 in 20.7 60 253 253PA Pandora 2016-Dec-18 21:41 353 15918 in 20.4 87 253 253JA Janus 2016-Dec-18 22:09 353 109835 out 23.4 109 253 253PN Pan 2016-Dec-18 22:13 353 92857 out 23.2 107 254 254EN Enceladus 2016-Dec-26 01:33 361 88378 in 19.2 135 254 254MI Mimas 2016-Dec-26 01:36 361 40958 in 19.4 114 254 254AE Aegaeon 2016-Dec-26 01:41 361 32042 in 20.2 138 255 255TI Titan 2016-Dec-31 12:17 366 681772 in 7.2 29 255 255DA Daphnis 2017-Jan-02 06:11 002 98414 out 23.4 107 256 256AT Atlas 2017-Jan-09 08:47 009 104357 in 21.8 44 256 256EP Epimetheus 2017-Jan-09 09:07 009 71345 in 20.6 54 256 256DA Daphnis 2017-Jan-09 09:47 009 55381 in 21.6 104 256 256PM Prometheus 2017-Jan-09 10:00 009 92547 out 23.1 107 257 257JA Janus 2017-Jan-16 12:43 016 117699 in 21.9 49 257 257AT Atlas 2017-Jan-16 13:10 016 27754 in 20.3 31 257 257PL Pallene 2017-Jan-16 13:14 016 62780 in 19.6 149 257 257DA Daphnis 2017-Jan-16 13:22 016 17510 in 20.5 67 257 257TI Titan 2017-Jan-17 18:30 017 724314 out 9.3 96 258 258DA Daphnis 2017-Jan-23 16:58 023 39077 in 20.4 37 258 258EN Enceladus 2017-Jan-23 17:01 023 124117 in 20.2 129 258 258PA Pandora 2017-Jan-23 17:18 023 21826 in 20.6 95 258 258AT Atlas 2017-Jan-23 17:32 023 56456 out 21.6 104 259 259DA Daphnis 2017-Jan-30 20:36 030 86078 in 21.2 44 259 259MI Mimas 2017-Jan-30 21:06 030 40650 in 19.7 111 259 259EP Epimetheus 2017-Jan-30 21:07 030 6336 in 20.1 75 259 259PM Prometheus 2017-Jan-30 21:26 030 49523 in 21.4 104 259 259TI Titan 2017-Feb-01 20:04 032 221021 out 6.3 91 260 260PN Pan 2017-Feb-07 00:52 038 96013 in 21.5 43 260 260JA Janus 2017-Feb-07 01:02 038 91389 in 21.0 53 260 260ME Methone 2017-Feb-07 01:34 038 84152 in 20.7 125 261 261AE Aegaeon 2017-Feb-14 05:46 045 75204 in 20.1 68 261 261ME Methone 2017-Feb-14 05:54 045 69478 in 19.5 95 261 261TI Titan 2017-Feb-17 13:17 048 186411 out 5.1 77 262 262PN Pan 2017-Feb-21 09:40 052 74052 in 21.0 43 262 262PM Prometheus 2017-Feb-21 09:43 052 71017 in 20.8 48 262 262EP Epimetheus 2017-Feb-21 10:04 052 10922 in 20.1 75 262 262PL Pallene 2017-Feb-21 10:04 052 106282 in 19.8 91 262 262AE Aegaeon 2017-Feb-21 10:15 052 50979 in 20.7 124 263 263JA Janus 2017-Feb-28 13:48 059 92878 in 21.1 55 263 263PA Pandora 2017-Feb-28 13:56 059 54388 in 20.5 49 264 264TI Titan 2017-Mar-05 11:54 064 492380 in 5.9 42 264 264MI Mimas 2017-Mar-07 18:02 066 102121 in 20.7 74 264 264PN Pan 2017-Mar-07 18:07 066 25230 in 20.4 26 265 265EP Epimetheus 2017-Mar-14 22:18 073 37954 in 21.0 113 265 265PA Pandora 2017-Mar-14 22:47 073 113308 out 24.1 104 266 266TI Titan 2017-Mar-20 17:41 079 874275 in 8.7 32 266 266JA Janus 2017-Mar-22 01:47 081 44119 in 20.2 64 266 266PL Pallene 2017-Mar-22 01:57 081 106706 in 20.7 122 266 266PN Pan 2017-Mar-22 02:21 081 54778 out 21.7 99 266 266TI Titan 2017-Mar-23 00:23 082 955007 out 11.3 97 267 267EN Enceladus 2017-Mar-29 05:47 088 93150 in 19.3 134 267 267MI Mimas 2017-Mar-29 06:08 088 121089 in 22.8 108 268 268AT Atlas 2017-Apr-05 09:17 095 69808 in 20.9 49 268 268PA Pandora 2017-Apr-05 09:30 095 36623 in 20.3 50 268 268EP Epimetheus 2017-Apr-05 10:12 095 110692 out 23.7 103 268 268TI Titan 2017-Apr-06 22:19 096 477728 out 7.7 89 269 269MI Mimas 2017-Apr-12 13:27 102 97950 in 20.8 76 269 269AE Aegaeon 2017-Apr-12 13:37 102 20762 in 19.9 120 269 269JA Janus 2017-Apr-12 13:42 102 8702 in 20.2 126 269 269AT Atlas 2017-Apr-12 13:43 102 13018 in 20.5 53 269 269PM Prometheus 2017-Apr-12 14:10 102 85208 out 22.8 103 270 270ME Methone 2017-Apr-19 17:47 109 89168 in 20.9 120 270 270AE Aegaeon 2017-Apr-19 18:05 109 111087 in 22.8 105 270 270AT Atlas 2017-Apr-19 18:12 109 73558 out 22.4 102 270 270PA Pandora 2017-Apr-19 18:25 109 120175 out 24.4 101 270 270DA Daphnis 2017-Apr-19 18:29 109 117495 out 24.5 101 270* 270TI Titan 2017-Apr-22 06:20 112 979 out 5.8 61 271 271JA Janus 2017-Apr-26 09:32 116 99451 in 29.6 129 271 271AT Atlas 2017-Apr-26 09:40 116 73423 in 29.8 149 271 271DA Daphnis 2017-Apr-26 09:47 116 83092 out 29.8 119 271 271EP Epimetheus 2017-Apr-26 09:50 116 104022 out 29.5 110 272 272DA Daphnis 2017-May-02 20:38 122 77502 in 29.9 140 272 272PM Prometheus 2017-May-02 20:43 122 75621 in 29.8 147 273 273TI Titan 2017-May-07 21:25 127 487627 in 7.1 30 273 273DA Daphnis 2017-May-09 07:22 129 119645 in 30.1 84 273 273PN Pan 2017-May-09 07:24 129 114591 in 30.5 87 273 273PA Pandora 2017-May-09 07:41 129 78916 in 29.9 145 273 273TI Titan 2017-May-09 22:18 129 979143 out 12.6 90 274 274EP Epimetheus 2017-May-15 18:29 135 86900 in 29.8 149 274 274PN Pan 2017-May-15 18:35 135 75369 in 29.9 132 274 274PM Prometheus 2017-May-15 18:38 135 86566 out 29.9 122 274 274AE Aegaeon 2017-May-15 18:44 135 122962 out 29.2 111 274 274AT Atlas 2017-May-15 18:58 135 122382 out 27.6 80 275 275AT Atlas 2017-May-22 05:17 142 86906 in 30.1 124 275 275JA Janus 2017-May-22 05:34 142 106568 out 29.5 112 275 275AE Aegaeon 2017-May-22 05:35 142 119541 out 29.4 117 275 275TI Titan 2017-May-24 01:09 144 138386 out 6.0 69 276 276PA Pandora 2017-May-28 16:39 148 105699 in 29.7 101 276 276MI Mimas 2017-May-28 16:57 148 123194 in 29.8 138 276 276AE Aegaeon 2017-May-28 17:06 148 124633 out 28.7 111 276 276PM Prometheus 2017-May-28 17:15 148 119190 out 28.0 86 277 277PN Pan 2017-Jun-04 04:08 155 118610 in 30.4 78 277 277EP Epimetheus 2017-Jun-04 04:18 155 96804 in 29.3 127 277 277PA Pandora 2017-Jun-04 04:51 155 123547 out 27.3 86 278 278TI Titan 2017-Jun-08 19:58 159 348740 in 6.0 40 278 278PN Pan 2017-Jun-10 16:00 161 83534 out 29.7 120 278 278JA Janus 2017-Jun-10 16:03 161 104086 out 29.4 117 279 279PM Prometheus 2017-Jun-17 03:02 168 99197 in 30.0 104 279 279AT Atlas 2017-Jun-17 03:11 168 73610 in 29.7 149 279 279DA Daphnis 2017-Jun-17 03:33 168 115699 out 28.4 90 280 280EP Epimetheus 2017-Jun-23 14:18 174 110307 in 29.2 106 280 280DA Daphnis 2017-Jun-23 14:37 174 81602 out 29.7 131 280 280PA Pandora 2017-Jun-23 14:39 174 93142 out 29.6 121 280 280TI Titan 2017-Jun-25 00:29 176 337630 out 7.2 68 281 281PN Pan 2017-Jun-30 01:50 181 99098 in 30.2 95 281 281DA Daphnis 2017-Jun-30 01:59 181 72750 in 29.6 146 281 281PM Prometheus 2017-Jun-30 02:02 181 74772 in 29.6 150 281 281JA Janus 2017-Jun-30 02:08 181 95763 out 29.5 132 282 282DA Daphnis 2017-Jul-06 13:27 187 92894 in 29.9 105 282 282PN Pan 2017-Jul-06 13:51 187 103529 out 29.2 101 283 283TI Titan 2017-Jul-10 14:24 191 248003 in 5.3 61 283 283EP Epimetheus 2017-Jul-13 00:48 194 115283 in 29.1 96 283 283PA Pandora 2017-Jul-13 01:04 194 79036 in 29.8 149 283 283AT Atlas 2017-Jul-13 01:07 194 81706 in 29.8 137 283 283PM Prometheus 2017-Jul-13 01:21 194 113404 out 28.6 99 284 284AT Atlas 2017-Jul-19 12:05 200 119506 in 30.0 73 284 284JA Janus 2017-Jul-19 12:28 200 93420 in 29.8 141 285 285TI Titan 2017-Jul-25 03:32 206 908206 in 10.3 56 285 285PN Pan 2017-Jul-25 23:36 206 80830 in 30.1 117 285 285TI Titan 2017-Jul-27 02:27 208 548225 out 8.6 68 286 286PM Prometheus 2017-Aug-01 10:49 213 112062 in 29.9 81 286 286PA Pandora 2017-Aug-01 10:58 213 86495 in 29.8 120 286 286PN Pan 2017-Aug-01 11:30 213 117678 out 27.7 93 287 287JA Janus 2017-Aug-07 22:34 219 89526 in 29.8 151 287 287AT Atlas 2017-Aug-07 22:41 219 95484 out 29.6 121 287 287EP Epimetheus 2017-Aug-07 22:49 219 119569 out 28.6 112 288 288TI Titan 2017-Aug-11 04:56 223 175335 in 5.0 82 288 288AT Atlas 2017-Aug-14 09:27 226 106194 in 30.2 84 288 288PM Prometheus 2017-Aug-14 09:37 226 79223 in 30.1 136 289 289PA Pandora 2017-Aug-20 20:33 232 123227 in 29.4 68 289 289PN Pan 2017-Aug-20 20:49 232 76464 in 30.2 125 289 289DA Daphnis 2017-Aug-20 21:15 232 114862 out 28.2 102 290 290TI Titan 2017-Aug-26 06:26 238 736693 in 8.8 54 290 290JA Janus 2017-Aug-27 07:59 239 91099 in 30.1 138 290 290DA Daphnis 2017-Aug-27 08:07 239 80365 in 30.1 146 290 290PM Prometheus 2017-Aug-27 08:08 239 85862 in 30.0 143 290 290EP Epimetheus 2017-Aug-27 08:09 239 99174 out 30.1 143 290 290PA Pandora 2017-Aug-27 08:13 239 98878 out 29.8 127 290 290PN Pan 2017-Aug-27 08:30 239 118846 out 27.1 97 290 290TI Titan 2017-Aug-28 05:11 240 743277 out 10.2 67 291 291DA Daphnis 2017-Sep-02 19:05 245 80664 in 30.2 120 291 291AT Atlas 2017-Sep-02 19:20 245 93590 out 29.9 129 292 292DA Daphnis 2017-Sep-09 06:04 252 116735 in 30.2 66 292 292AT Atlas 2017-Sep-09 06:07 252 108631 in 30.2 77 292 292PM Prometheus 2017-Sep-09 06:43 252 115848 out 28.2 108 292 292TI Titan 2017-Sep-11 19:15 254 84333 out 5.2 80 293 293JA Janus 2017-Sep-15 16:49 258 111960 in 29.8 92 293 293PN Pan 2017-Sep-15 16:53 258 91909 in 30.7 94 293 293PA Pandora 2017-Sep-15 16:57 258 87059 in 30.6 123 293 293EP Epimetheus 2017-Sep-15 16:58 258 92434 in 30.7 133 END OF MISSION 2017-09-15 TBD 2017-258 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The Cassini navigation team has discovered that it is possible to move the spacecraft orbit's inner ring-plane crossing all the way over Saturn's entire main ring system, from just beyond the F ring, to the cleared gap between Saturn's upper atmosphere and inner portion of the main rings, using one single Titan flyby. So far, it has been impossible to get very close to Saturn itself due to the presence of the main rings out to over 140,000 km from the center of Saturn. During SOI the spacecraft passed 18,000 km from the cloud tops, and that is the closest the project ever expected to get to the planet and rings, enabled by the hyperbolic approach trajectory. It was thought that there was no feasible way to construct an orbit with reasonable period that gets any closer to Saturn and yet does not pass through the main rings - the implementation of which would undoubtedly destroy the spacecraft. No safe gaps in the main ring system exist that could be employed as intermediate steps. This proximal orbit geometry is implemented by raising the orbit inclination to a moderately high level (~63 degrees) and placing the inner ring-plane crossing barely but safely outside the main rings. The other ring-plane crossing is located at Titan, as usual, since Cassini must continually encounter Titan to employ its significant gravity assist resources. Then, with one flyby, the orbit is altered to move the ring-plane crossing to between 2,000 to 5,000 above the 'cloud tops' of Saturn (1 bar level). The environment is known well enough for the project to conclude with sufficient confidence that the risk of debris impact or atmospheric tumbling is acceptably small. Furthermore, the radiation environment is not significantly different from that experienced during SOI. The proposed end phase includes 22 orbits in this region, called proximal orbits. This Juno-like mission phase offers significant unique science opportunities for Cassini, including gravity mapping measurements, high resolution ring observations, and in-situ measurements of Saturn's atmosphere. Final disposal of the spacecraft will take place within Saturn's atmosphere on 15 September 2017. This entire trajectory, starting after the last targeted proximal-injecting Titan flyby, is entirely ballistic, requiring no further maneuvers. In other words, the end of mission is assured regardless of the spacecraft condition. It is anticipated that this disposal strategy will be acceptable for Planetary Protection. END OF MISSION --------------