urn:nasa:pds:context:investigation:mission.pioneer_9 1.0 1.8.0.0 Product_Context P9 P9 Pioneer D Pioneer D Pioneer 9 was also known as Pioneer D. 1968-100A Pioneer 9 This is the NSSDCA/COSPAR ID. urn:nasa:pds:pioneerdoc:p9doc:p9_mission_overview investigation_to_document 10.1016/j.pss.2011.04.005 Siddiqi, A. A., Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958-2000, Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 24, NASA SP-2002-4524, 256 pages, published by NASA, Washington, D.C., 2002. Pioneer 9 Mission 1968-11-18 1983-05-19 Pioneer 9, also known as Pioneer D, was launched on 08 November 1968 into a heliocentric orbit to study interplanetary space with a primary focus of collecting data on magnetic fields, plasma, and cosmic rays.