/*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Electron Dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920911 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* last changes made. /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID = "VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-ELEMAGSPHERE-96SEC-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR ELECTRON MAGNETOSPHERE 96SEC V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-24T14:38:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-25T09:23:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = UNK DATA_SET_DESC = " The electron spectra are fit using several isotropic Maxwellian distribution functions to find electron parameters. The spacecraft charge may seriously affect the density measurements. The temperature of each component is, however, independent of the spacecraft potential. To obtain the best estimate of the electron density, the encounter period is divided into four regions and four different analysis methods are used. In the time period from 1989-08-24T14:38:04.130 (236.60977) to 1989-08-24T19:45:17.571 (236.82312), when the spacecraft is in the inbound magnetosheath and is probably positively charged, a program written by Sittler (1987) is used to derive the electron density and temperature. The spacecraft potential is calculated by using Scudder's (1981) return current-spacecraft potential relation. Estimates of the formal errors are not performed in Sittler's program. Since the electrons are hot in this region, we are confident of the results. In the time periods from 1989-08-24T22:46:35.334 (236.94902) to 1989-08-24T23:32:12.481 (236.98070) and from 1989-08-25T08:09:47.233 (237.34013) to 1989-08-25T09:23:24.001 (237.39125), when the spacecraft is in hot plasma regions, all the electron parameters are derived from fits to the electron spectra. Again, we are confident of the results. In the regions where a cold electron component is present in the spectra (1989-08-24T23:35:23.424 (236.98291) to 1989-08-25T00:35:23.712 (237.02458) and from 1989-08-25T04:33:48.095 (237.19014) to 1989-08-25T08:02:35.233 (237.33513), the spacecraft is negatively charged and the density calculation is seriously affected by spacecraft charging. The total ion density from the PLS ion measurements and the condition of charge neutrality are used to estimate the spacecraft potential. The true density of each electron component is equal to d0*exp(-Vsc/T), where d0 is the density from the fits assuming a zero spacecraft potential, Vsc is the spacecraft potential and T is the temperature of that component. Uncertainties in the electron density should thus mainly determined by the ion density calculation. However, electron temperature calculations are not affected by the spacecraft charging, so they are quite accurate. In the time period from 1989-08-25T00:45:47.520 (237.03180) to 1989-08-25T02:42:02.592 (237.11253), the cold component is below the threshold the PLS measurement. A temperature of 3 eV is assumed for the cold component. The spacecraft potential is not available, so is set equal to zero. The parameters of the hot electron components are obtained directly from the fits. The cold electron density is then set equal to the total ion density minus the hot electron density. In this region the results have large error bars. In the region near closest approach (1989-08-25T04:11:23.712 (237.17458) to 1989-08-25T04:25:34.752 (237.18443), where the loss-cone effect is prominent, the density of each component is equal to d0*ditot/detot, where d0 is the density of the component calculated from the fits, ditot is the total ion density, detot is the total electron density from the fits. Zhang, M., J. D. Richardson, and E. C. Sittler, Jr., Voyager 2 electron observations in the Magnetosphere of Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Scudder, J. D., E. C. Sittler, Jr. and H. S. Bridge, A survey of the plasma electron environment of Jupiter: a view from Voyager, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 8319-8342, 1981. Sittler, E. C., Jr., K. W. Ogilvie and R. S. Selesnick, Survey of electrons in the Uranian magnetosphere: Voyager 2 observations, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 15,263-15,281, 1987." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " The electron parameters are reliable except near closest approach where the electrons are cold. In the time period between 237.03180 and 237.11253, the cold component is below the threshold the PLS measurement. A temperature of 3 eV is assumed for the cold component. The spacecraft potential is not determined and is set equal to zero. The parameters of the hot electron components are obtained directly from the fits and are reliable. The cold electron density is set equal to the total ion density minus the hot electron density. In this region the results have large error bars." END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ELECTRON DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ELECTRON TEMPERATURE" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - ELECTRON OBSERVATIONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., J.D. Richardson, and E.C. Sittler, Jr., Voyager 2 Electron Observations in the magnetosphere of Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J.W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET /*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Outbound L-mode Ion Dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920914 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* Revised DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME for ION VELOCITY /* last changes made. /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID = "VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-IONLMODE-48SEC-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR ION OUTBND MAGSHTH L-MODE 48SEC V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-26T08:36:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-30T00:00:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_SET_DESC = " This data set gives the best available values for ion densities, temperatures, and velocities near Neptune derived from data obtained by the Voyager 2 plasma experiment. All parameters are obtained by fitting the observed spectra (current as a function of energy) with Maxwellian plasma distributions, using a non-linear least squares fitting routine to find the plasma parameters which, when coupled with the full instrument response, best simulate the data. The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the upstream solar wind protons are fit to the M-long data since high energy resolution is needed to obtain accurate plasma parameters. In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using 2 proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. The values given in the upstream magnetosheath are the total density and the density-weighted temperature. In both the upstream solar wind and magnetosheath full vector velocities, densities and temperatures are derived for each fit component. In the magnetosphere, spectra do not contain enough information to obtain full velocity vectors, so flow is assumed to be purely azimuthal. In some cases the azimuthal velocity is a fit parameter, in some cases rigid corotation is assumed. In the 'outer' magnetosphere (L>5) two distinct current peaks appear in the spectra; these are fit assuming a composition of H+ and N+. In the inner magnetosphere the plasma is hot and the composition is ambiguous, although two superimposed Maxwellians are still required to fit the data. These spectra are fit using two compositions, one with H+ and N+ and the second with two H+ components. The N+ composition is preferred by the data provider. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. In the outbound magnetosheath and solar wind both moment and fit values are given for velocity, density, and thermal speed. The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can result in the analysis giving incorrect values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate. References: Richardson, J. D., M. Zhang, J. W. Belcher, and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Zhang, M., V. M. Vasyliunas, G. L. Siscoe, R. P. Lepping, and N. F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2285-2288, 1990. Richardson, J. D. and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy plasma in Neptune's magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1990." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using 2 proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations of parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate." END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION VELOCITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION THERMAL SPEED" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY IONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., M. Zhang, J.W. Belcher, and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low Energy Ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - ELECTRON OBSERVATIONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., J.D. Richardson, and E.C. Sittler, Jr., Voyager 2 Electron Observations in the Magnetosphere of Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J.W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - PLASMA MANTLE" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., V.M. Vasylinunas, G.L. Siscoe, R.L. Lepping, N.F. Ness, Evidence for a Diurnally Rocking Plasma Mantle at Neptune, Geophys Res. Lett, in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low-Energy Plasma in Neptune's Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET /*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Magnetospheric 2 H+ Ion dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920914 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* last changes made. /* */ /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID ="VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-2PROMAGSPH-48SEC-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR 2 PROTON MAGSPHERE 48SEC V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-25T04:10:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-25T05:08:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_SET_DESC = " This data set gives the best available values for ion densities, temperatures, and velocities near Neptune derived from data obtained by the Voyager 2 plasma experiment. All parameters are obtained by fitting the observed spectra (current as a function of energy) with Maxwellian plasma distributions, using a non-linear least squares fitting routine to find the plasma parameters which, when coupled with the full instrument response, best simulate the data. The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the upstream solar wind protons are fit to the M-long data since high energy resolution is needed to obtain accurate plasma parameters. In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using two proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. The values given in the upstream magnetosheath are the total density and the density-weighted temperature. In both the upstream solar wind and magnetosheath full vector velocities, densities and temperatures are derived for each fit component. In the magnetosphere spectra do not contain enough information to obtain full velocity vectors, so flow is assumed to be purely azimuthal. In some cases the azimuthal velocity is a fit parameter, in some cases rigid corotation is assumed. In the 'outer' magnetosphere (L>5) two distinct current peaks appear in the spectra; these are fit assuming a composition of H+ and N+. In the inner magnetosphere the plasma is hot and the composition is ambiguous, although two superimposed Maxwellians are still required to fit the data. These spectra are fit using two compositions, one with H+ and N+ and the second with two H+ components. The N+ composition is preferred by the data provider. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. In the outbound magnetosheath and solar wind both moment and fit values are given for velocity, density, and thermal speed. The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can result in the analysis giving incorrect values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate. References: Richardson, J. D., M. Zhang, J. W. Belcher, and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Zhang, M., V. M. Vasyliunas, G. L. Siscoe, R. P. Lepping, and N. F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2285-2288, 1990. Richardson, J. D. and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy plasma in Neptune's magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1990." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Magnetospheric data can be distorted by spacecraft charge; in particular values in the region 4-6 Neptune radii from the planet outbound where only the H+ plasma component was observed may be tainted by this effect. The deviation of the azimuthal velocity from corotation is probably an artifact of the charging. " END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION THERMAL SPEED" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION TEMPERATURE" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "EV" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY IONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., M. Zhang, J.W. Belcher, and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low Energy Ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J. W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - PLASMA MANTLE" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., V.M. Vasylinunas, G.L. Siscoe, R.L. Lepping, N.F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys Res. Lett, 17, 2285-2288, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low-Energy Plasma in Neptune's Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET /*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Magnetospheric N+ & H+ Ion dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920914 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* last changes made. /* */ /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID ="VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-IONMAGSPHERE-48SEC-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR ION MAGNETOSPHERE 48SEC V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-24T23:30:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-25T08:00:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_SET_DESC = " This data set gives the best available values for ion densities, temperatures, and velocities near Neptune derived from data obtained by the Voyager 2 plasma experiment. All parameters are obtained by fitting the observed spectra (current as a function of energy) with Maxwellian plasma distributions, using a non-linear least squares fitting routine to find the plasma parameters which, when coupled with the full instrument response, best simulate the data. The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the upstream solar wind protons are fit to the M-long data since high energy resolution is needed to obtain accurate plasma parameters. In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using 2 proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. The values given in the upstream magnetosheath are the total density and the density-weighted temperature. In both the upstream solar wind and magnetosheath full vector velocities, densities and temperatures are derived for each fit component. In the magnetosphere spectra do not contain enough information to obtain full velocity vectors, so flow is assumed to be purely azimuthal. In some cases the azimuthal velocity is a fit parameter, in some cases rigid corotation is assumed. In the 'outer' magnetosphere (L>5) two distinct current peaks appear in the spectra; these are fit assuming a composition of H+ and N+. In the inner magnetosphere the plasma is hot and the composition is ambiguous, although two superimposed Maxwellians are still required to fit the data. These spectra are fit using two compositions, one with H+ and N+ and the second with two H+ components. The N+ composition is preferred by the data provider. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. In the outbound magnetosheath and solar wind both moment and fit values are given for velocity, density, and thermal speed. The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can result in the analysis giving incorrect values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate. References: Richardson, J. D., M. Zhang, J. W. Belcher, and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Zhang, M., V. M. Vasyliunas, G. L. Siscoe, R. P. Lepping, and N. F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2285-2288, 1990. Richardson, J. D. and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy plasma in Neptune's magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1990." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Magnetospheric data can be distorted by spacecraft charge; in particular values in the region 4-6 Neptune radii from the planet outbound where only the H+ plasma component was observed may be tainted by this effect. The deviation of the azimuthal velocity from corotation is probably an artifact of the charging. " END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION THERMAL SPEED" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION TEMPERATURE" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "EV" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY IONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., M. Zhang, J.W. Belcher, and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low Energy Ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J.W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - PLASMA MANTLE" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., V.M. Vasylinunas, G.L. Siscoe, R.L. Lepping, N.F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys Res. Lett, 17, 2285-2288, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low-Energy Plasma in Neptune's Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET /*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Outbound M-mode Ion Dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920914 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* last changes made. /* */ /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID = "VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-IONMMODE-12MIN-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR ION OUTBND MAGSHTH M-MODE 12MIN V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-26T08:36:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-30T00:00:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_SET_DESC = " This data set gives the best available values for ion densities, temperatures, and velocities near Neptune derived from data obtained by the Voyager 2 plasma experiment. All parameters are obtained by fitting the observed spectra (current as a function of energy) with Maxwellian plasma distributions, using a non-linear least squares fitting routine to find the plasma parameters which, when coupled with the full instrument response, best simulate the data. The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the upstream solar wind protons are fit to the M-long data since high energy resolution is needed to obtain accurate plasma parameters. In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using 2 proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. The values given in the upstream magnetosheath are the total density and the density-weighted temperature. In both the upstream solar wind and magnetosheath full vector velocities, densities and temperatures are derived for each fit component. In the magnetosphere spectra do not contain enough information to obtain full velocity vectors, so flow is assumed to be purely azimuthal. In some cases the azimuthal velocity is a fit parameter, in some cases rigid corotation is assumed. In the 'outer' magnetosphere (L>5) two distinct current peaks appear in the spectra; these are fit assuming a composition of H+ and N+. In the inner magnetosphere the plasma is hot and the composition is ambiguous, although two superimposed Maxwellians are still required to fit the data. These spectra are fit using two compositions, one with H+ and N+ and the second with two H+ components. The N+ composition is preferred by the data provider. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. In the outbound magnetosheath and solar wind both moment and fit values are given for velocity, density, and thermal speed. The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can result in the analysis giving incorrect values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate. References: Richardson, J. D., M. Zhang, J. W. Belcher, and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Zhang, M., V. M. Vasyliunas, G. L. Siscoe, R. P. Lepping, and N. F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2285-2288, 1990. Richardson, J. D. and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy plasma in Neptune's magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1990." CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can result in the analysis giving incorrect values. This data can probably be safely used to identify long term trends in the data and to obtain rough values of the density, radial velocity and thermal speed." END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = "N/A" MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = "N/A" SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = "N/A" MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = "N/A" SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION VELOCITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION THERMAL SPEED" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION TEMPERATURE" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "EV" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY IONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., M. Zhang, J.W. Belcher, R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low Energy Ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J.W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - PLASMA MANTLE" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., V.M. Vasylinunas, G.L. Siscoe, R.L. Lepping, N.F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys Res. Lett, 17, 2285-2288, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low-Energy Plasma in Neptune's Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET /*****************************************************************************/ /* PLS Neptune Inbound (Solar Wind) Ion dataset */ /*****************************************************************************/ /* MODIFICATIONS /* 92-08 -- EFRIED /* 920914 -- EFRIED /* 920918 -- EFRIED /* updated Data Set templates according to new std. /* Data Set Template -> Spacecraft Data Set Template /* event_start_time, event_stop_time -> start_time, stop_time /* 920924 -- EFRIED /* Revised DATA_SET_ID and DATA_SET_NAME /* 921002 -- EFRIED /* Deleted DSPARMINFO for TIME /* 921022 -- EFRIED /* changed ION DENSITY (FPD) to just ION DENSITY /* last changes made /* */ /* Template: Spacecraft Data Set Template - Rev: 19890121*/ /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard set */ /* for the submission of a single dataset to the PDS. */ /* */ /* Hierarchy: SCDATASET */ /* DATASETINFO */ /* DATASETTARG */ /* DSPARMINFO */ /* SCDSHOST */ /* DSREFINFO */ /* REFERENCE */ /* REFAUTHORS */ OBJECT = SCDATASET DATA_SET_ID = "VG2-N-PLS-5-RDR-IONINBNDWIND-48SEC-V1.0" OBJECT = DATASETINFO DATA_SET_NAME = "VG2 NEP PLS DERIVED RDR ION INBOUND S-WIND 48SEC V1.0" DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = N START_TIME = 1989-08-24T00:03:00.000 STOP_TIME = 1989-08-24T19:35:00.000 NATIVE_START_TIME = "N/A" NATIVE_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = "TIME SERIES" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 1991-07-22 PROCESSING_LEVEL_ID = 5 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" SOFTWARE_FLAG = Y DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = Y PROCESSING_START_TIME = "N/A" PROCESSING_STOP_TIME = "N/A" DATA_SET_DESC = " This data set gives the best available values for ion densities, temperatures, and velocities near Neptune derived from data obtained by the Voyager 2 plasma experiment. All parameters are obtained by fitting the observed spectra (current as a function of energy) with Maxwellian plasma distributions, using a non-linear least squares fitting routine to find the plasma parameters which, when coupled with the full instrument response, best simulate the data. The PLS instrument measures energy/charge, so composition is not uniquely determined but can be deduced in some cases by the separation of the observed current peaks in energy (assuming the plasma is co-moving). In the upstream solar wind protons are fit to the M-long data since high energy resolution is needed to obtain accurate plasma parameters. In the magnetosheath the ion flux so low that several L-long spectra (3-5) had to be averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio to a level at which the data could be reliably fit. These averaged spectra were fit using 2 proton Maxwellians with the same velocity. The values given in the upstream magnetosheath are the total density and the density-weighted temperature. In both the upstream solar wind and magnetosheath full vector velocities, densities and temperatures are derived for each fit component. In the magnetosphere spectra do not contain enough information to obtain full velocity vectors, so flow is assumed to be purely azimuthal. In some cases the azimuthal velocity is a fit parameter, in some cases rigid corotation is assumed. In the 'outer' magnetosphere (L>5) two distinct current peaks appear in the spectra; these are fit assuming a composition of H+ and N+. In the inner magnetosphere the plasma is hot and the composition is ambiguous, although two superimposed Maxwellians are still required to fit the data. These spectra are fit using two compositions, one with H+ and N+ and the second with two H+ components. The N+ composition is preferred by the data provider. All fit values in the magnetosphere come with one sigma errors. It should be noted that no attempt has been made to account for the spacecraft potential, which is probably about -10 V in this region and will effect the density and velocity values. In the outbound magnetosheath and solar wind both moment and fit values are given for velocity, density, and thermal speed. The signal-to-noise ratio in the M-longs is very low, especially near the magnetopause, which can Result in the analysis giving incorrect values. The L-long spectra have too low an energy resolution to permit accurate determinations parameters in many regions; in particular the temperature and non-radial velocity components may be inaccurate. References: Richardson, J. D., M. Zhang, J. W. Belcher, and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991. J. W. Belcher, H. S. Bridge, et al., Plasma Observations Near Neptune: Initial Results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989. Zhang, M., V. M. Vasyliunas, G. L. Siscoe, R. P. Lepping, and N. F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2285-2288, 1990. Richardson, J. D. and R. L. McNutt, Jr., Low-energy plasma in Neptune's magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1990." /* /* CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Inbound solar wind and magnetosheath values should be accurate to within given error bars. " END_OBJECT = DATASETINFO OBJECT = DATASETTARG TARGET_NAME = NEPTUNE END_OBJECT = DATASETTARG OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION DENSITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "CM**-3" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION VELOCITY" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION THERMAL SPEED" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "KM/S" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = DSPARMINFO SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = TIME SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = "N/A" MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = UNK MINIMUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLING_INT = UNK SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = SECOND DATA_SET_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION TEMPERATURE" NOISE_LEVEL = UNK DATA_SET_PARAMETER_UNIT = "EV" END_OBJECT = DSPARMINFO OBJECT = SCDSHOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = VG2 INSTRUMENT_ID = PLS END_OBJECT = SCDSHOST OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991A OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY IONS" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., M. Zhang, J.W. Belcher, and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low Energy Ions near Neptune, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = BELCHERETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - INITIAL RESULTS" JOURNAL_NAME = SCIENCE PUBLICATION_DATE = 1989 REFERENCE_DESC = " Belcher, J.W. et al, Plasma Observations at Neptune: Initial results from Voyager 2, Science, 246, 1478-1483, 1989." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "PROF. JOHN W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = ZHANGETAL1991 OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - PLASMA MANTLE" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Zhang, M., V.M. Vasylinunas, G.L. Siscoe, R.L. Lepping, N.F. Ness, Evidence for a diurnally rocking plasma mantle at Neptune, Geophys Res. Lett, 17, 2285-2288, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "MING ZHANG" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO OBJECT = DSREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = RICHARDSONETAL1991B OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "NEPTUNE PLASMA - LOW ENERGY" JOURNAL_NAME = "JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS" PUBLICATION_DATE = 1991 REFERENCE_DESC = " Richardson, J.D., and R.L. McNutt, Jr., Low-Energy Plasma in Neptune's Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1689-1692, 1991." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "JOHN D. RICHARDSON" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = DSREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCDATASET