/**************** PLS Instrument Template*************************************/ /* Modifications /* 920811 -- EFRIED /* Minor adjustments and changed capitalized descriptions /* to normal form(UC -> LC). /* 920813 -- EFRIED /* Inserted values for INSTOPTICS, INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC(UC -> LC), /* REFERENCE_DESC(UC -> LC), and AUTHOR_FULL_NAME. /* 920916 -- EFRIED /* last changes made /* /* Template: Spacecraft Instrument Template - Rev: 19890121 /* Note: The following templates form part of a standard /* set for the submission of a spacecraft instrument /* to the PDS. /* /* Hierarchy: SCINSTRUMENT /* INSTINFO /* INSTDETECT /* INSTELEC /* INSTFILTER /* INSTOPTICS /* SCINSTOFFSET /* INSTSECTION /* INSTSECTINFO /* INSTSECTFOVS /* INSTSECTPARM /* INSTSECTDET /* INSTSECTELEC /* INSTSECTFILT /* INSTSECTOPTC /* INSTMODEINFO /* INSTMODESECT /* INSTREFINFO /* REFERENCE /* REFAUTHORS OBJECT = SCINSTRUMENT SPACECRAFT_ID = 'VG2' INSTRUMENT_ID = 'PLS' OBJECT = INSTINFO INSTRUMENT_NAME = "PLASMA SCIENCE EXPERIMENT" INSTRUMENT_TYPE = "PLASMA INSTRUMENT" PI_PDS_USER_ID = 'JBELCHER' NAIF_DATA_SET_ID = 'N/A' BUILD_DATE = 1973 INSTRUMENT_MASS = 9.900000 INSTRUMENT_HEIGHT = 'UNK' INSTRUMENT_LENGTH = 'UNK' INSTRUMENT_WIDTH = 'UNK' INSTRUMENT_MANUFACTURER_NAME = "MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY" INSTRUMENT_SERIAL_NUMBER = 'SN001' INSTRUMENT_DESC = " The Voyager Plasma Science experiment consists of four modulated grid Faraday Cups, three (A,B,C) of which are positioned about the Telemetry Antenna Axis and generally point toward the Earth with the fourth (D) at a right angle to this direction. Ion currents are sampled simultaneously in all four cups, electrons in the D-cup only. The instrument has an energy/charge range of 10-5950 V. Data is taken in four ways, high and low resolution ion modes and high and low energy electron modes, with energy resolution varying between 3.6 and 29%. The integration time for each energy channel can be varied are used at Jupiter and Saturn and 0.93 and 0.21 second integration times are used at Uranus and Neptune. Supersonic flow can be observed only when one of the detectors points into the flow orientation allows determination of the plasma density, temperature, and velocity." SCIENTIFIC_OBJECTIVES_SUMMARY = " The objective of the Plasma Instrument is to characterize plasma conditions throughout the Voyager trajectory, in the solar wind and during the planetary encounters." INSTRUMENT_CALIBRATION_DESC = " The instrument was calibrated at MIT using ion and electron beams and compared to output from other Faraday Cups in the same beam. Current levels are also calibrated in-flight by injecting known currents into the detectors with the modulators on and off. Much theoretical modeling has been done on the response of the detectors to arbitrary plasma conditions. Contact the PI for more information." OPERATIONAL_CONSID_DESC = " Each detector has an effective field of view which is a cone of half angle 45 degrees falls off quickly at higher angles. Thus, for the instrument to measure ion parameters in a Supersonic or Transonic plasma some of the detectors must look into the plasma flow. Secondary ions and electrons produced within the detectors can also effect the measurements, especially if large fluxes of hot ions or electrons are present and these effects are not well modeled. The instrument does not measure composition, only energy/charge, so a model of plasma composition must be adopted to fit the ion data choice of models can be unambiguous for large Mach number flow (M>3) but is non-unique for lower Mach numbers. After the Jupiter encounter the highest channels of the A, B, and C detectors often contain spurious signal and currents in the upper half of the energy range should be examined carefully before use." END_OBJECT = INSTINFO OBJECT = INSTDETECT DETECTOR_ID = 'A' DETECTOR_TYPE = "FARADAY CUP" DETECTOR_ASPECT_RATIO = 0.000000 MINIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MAXIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' NOMINAL_OPERATING_TEMPERATURE = 278.000000 DETECTOR_DESC = " This detector is a Faraday Cup which is part of a cluster of three detectors (A, B, C) arranged in a cone whose central axis is parallel to the direction of the telemetry antenna. The look direction of the cup is offset 20 degrees from the central axis. It consists of three modulator grids, six shield grids and a suppressor grid in front of the collector. It measures ion currents in the range 10-5950 V." SENSITIVITY_DESC = " Depending on the integration time the detector measures current from a minimum of 3.E-14 to 2.E-13 AMPS up to a maximum of 6.E-8 AMPS." END_OBJECT = INSTDETECT OBJECT = INSTDETECT DETECTOR_ID = 'B' DETECTOR_TYPE = "FARADAY CUP" DETECTOR_ASPECT_RATIO = 0.000000 MINIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MAXIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' NOMINAL_OPERATING_TEMPERATURE = 278.000000 DETECTOR_DESC = " This detector is a Faraday Cup which is part of a cluster of three detectors (A, B, C) arranged in a cone whose central axis is parallel to the direction of the telemetry antenna. The look direction of the cup is offset 20 degrees from the central axis. It consists of three modulator grids, six shield grids and a suppressor grid in front of the collector. It measures ion currents in the range 10-5950 V." SENSITIVITY_DESC = " Depending on the integration time the detector measures current from a minimum of 3.E-14 to 2.E-13 AMPS up to a maximum of 6.E-8 AMPS." END_OBJECT = INSTDETECT OBJECT = INSTDETECT DETECTOR_ID = 'C' DETECTOR_TYPE = "FARADAY CUP" DETECTOR_ASPECT_RATIO = 0.000000 MINIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MAXIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' NOMINAL_OPERATING_TEMPERATURE = 278.000000 DETECTOR_DESC = " This detector is a Faraday Cup which is part of a cluster of three detectors (A, B, C) arranged in a cone whose central axis is parallel to the direction of the Telemetry antenna. The look direction of the cup is offset 20 degrees from the central axis. It consists of three modulator grids, six shield grids and a suppressor grid in front of the collector. It measures ion currents in the range 10-5950 V." SENSITIVITY_DESC = " Depending on the integration time the detector measures current from a minimum of 3.E-14 to 2.E-13 AMPS up to a maximum of 6.E-8 AMPS." END_OBJECT = INSTDETECT OBJECT = INSTDETECT DETECTOR_ID = 'D' DETECTOR_TYPE = "FARADAY CUP" DETECTOR_ASPECT_RATIO = 0.000000 MINIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MAXIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' NOMINAL_OPERATING_TEMPERATURE = 278.000000 DETECTOR_DESC = " This detector is a Faraday Cup which has a look direction approximately perpendicular to the direction of the telemetry antenna. It consists of three modulator grids, six shield grids and a suppressor grid in front of a collector. It measures both electron and ion currents in the range 10-5950 V." SENSITIVITY_DESC = " Depending on the integration time the detector measures current from a minimum of 3.E-14 to 2.E-13 AMPS up to a maximum of 6.E-8 AMPS." END_OBJECT = INSTDETECT OBJECT = INSTELEC ELECTRONICS_ID = 'PLS' ELECTRONICS_DESC = " Currents from the four detectors are amplified, filtered, and integrated using four different measurement chains. a single 8-bit logarithmic A-D converter samples the four outputs of the measurement chains and transfers the data to the spacecraft. The high voltage modulator supplies a DC pedestal and a superimposed 400 Hz square wave modulation voltage. For positive ions the modulator grids of all four detectors are driven in parallel. A more complete description and block diagram of the instrument electronics is available in bridge et al., Space Sci. rev., 21, 25, 1977." END_OBJECT = INSTELEC OBJECT = INSTFILTER FILTER_NUMBER = 'N/A' FILTER_NAME = 'N/A' FILTER_TYPE = 'N/A' MINIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MAXIMUM_WAVELENGTH = 'N/A' MEASUREMENT_WAVE_CALBRT_DESC = 'N/A' END_OBJECT = INSTFILTER OBJECT = INSTOPTICS TELESCOPE_ID = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_FOCAL_LENGTH = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_DIAMETER = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_F_NUMBER = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_RESOLUTION = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_TRANSMITTANCE = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_T_NUMBER = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_T_NUMBER_ERROR = 'N/A' TELESCOPE_SERIAL_NUMBER = 'N/A' OPTICS_DESC = 'N/A' END_OBJECT = INSTOPTICS OBJECT = SCINSTOFFSET PLATFORM_OR_MOUNTING_NAME = "SCAN PLATFORM" CONE_OFFSET_ANGLE = 'N/A' CROSS_CONE_OFFSET_ANGLE = 'N/A' TWIST_OFFSET_ANGLE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_MOUNTING_DESC = " The PLS instrument is located on the Science Boom. The center of the main detector cluster (A, B, C) points parallel to the spacecraft Telemetry antenna and detector D is at right angles to this direction." END_OBJECT = SCINSTOFFSET OBJECT = INSTSECTION SECTION_ID = 'PLS' OBJECT = INSTSECTINFO SCAN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_RATE = 'N/A' SAMPLE_BITS = 'N/A' TOTAL_FOVS = 'N/A' OBJECT = INSTSECTFOVS FOV_SHAPE_NAME = 'N/A' HORIZONTAL_PIXEL_FOV = 'N/A' VERTICAL_PIXEL_FOV = 'N/A' HORIZONTAL_FOV = 'N/A' VERTICAL_FOV = 'N/A' FOVS = 'N/A' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTFOVS END_OBJECT = INSTSECTINFO OBJECT = INSTSECTPARM INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER_NAME = "ELECTRON CURRENT" MINIMUM_INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER = 0.000000 MAXIMUM_INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER = 0.000000 NOISE_LEVEL = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER_UNIT = 'AMPS' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = 'TIME' MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = 0.030000 MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = 0.930000 SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = 'N/A' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = 'N/A' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = 'SECOND' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTPARM OBJECT = INSTSECTPARM INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER_NAME = "ION CURRENT" MINIMUM_INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER = 0.000000 MAXIMUM_INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER = 0.000000 NOISE_LEVEL = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_PARAMETER_UNIT = 'AMPS' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_NAME = 'TIME' MINIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = 0.030000 MAXIMUM_SAMPLING_PARAMETER = 0.930000 SAMPLING_PARAMETER_INTERVAL = 'N/A' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_RESOLUTION = 'N/A' SAMPLING_PARAMETER_UNIT = 'SECOND' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTPARM OBJECT = INSTSECTDET DETECTOR_ID = 'A' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTDET OBJECT = INSTSECTDET DETECTOR_ID = 'B' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTDET OBJECT = INSTSECTDET DETECTOR_ID = 'C' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTDET OBJECT = INSTSECTDET DETECTOR_ID = 'D' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTDET OBJECT = INSTSECTELEC ELECTRONICS_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTELEC OBJECT = INSTSECTFILT FILTER_NUMBER = 'A' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTFILT OBJECT = INSTSECTOPTC TELESCOPE_ID = 'N/A' END_OBJECT = INSTSECTOPTC END_OBJECT = INSTSECTION OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "E1-LONG" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " Low energy electron mode which measures the range 10-140 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.93 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "E1-SHORT" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " Low energy electron mode which measures the range 10-140 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.21 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "E2-LONG" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " High energy electron mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.93 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "E2-SHORT" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " High energy electron mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.21 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "L-LONG" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " Low resolution ion mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.93 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "L-SHORT" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " Low resolution ion mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 16 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.21 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "M-LONG" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " High resolution ion mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 128 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.93 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO INSTRUMENT_MODE_ID = "M-SHORT" GAIN_MODE_ID = 'N/A' DATA_PATH_TYPE = 'N/A' INSTRUMENT_POWER_CONSUMPTION = 8.100000 INSTRUMENT_MODE_DESC = " High resolution ion mode which measures the range 10-5950 V with 128 contiguous channels. The integration time for each channel is 0.21 sec." OBJECT = INSTMODESECT SECTION_ID = 'PLS' END_OBJECT = INSTMODESECT END_OBJECT = INSTMODEINFO OBJECT = INSTREFINFO REFERENCE_KEY_ID = 'BRIDGEETAL1977' OBJECT = REFERENCE DOCUMENT_TOPIC_TYPE = "PLS INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION" JOURNAL_NAME = "SPACE SCI. REV." PUBLICATION_DATE = 1977 REFERENCE_DESC = " Bridge, H. S., J. W. Belcher, R. J. Butler, A. J. Lazarus, A. M. Mavretic, J. D. Sullivan, G. L. Siscoe, and V. M. Vasyliunas, The Plasma Experiment on the 1977 Voyager Mission, Space Sci. Rev., 21, 259-287, 1977." OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "H. S. BRIDGE" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS OBJECT = REFAUTHORS AUTHOR_FULL_NAME = "J. W. BELCHER" END_OBJECT = REFAUTHORS END_OBJECT = REFERENCE END_OBJECT = INSTREFINFO END_OBJECT = SCINSTRUMENT