Instrument Information
IDENTIFIER urn:esa:psa:context:instrument:gio.mag::1.0
NAME FLUXGATE MAGNETOMETER
TYPE MAGNETOMETER
DESCRIPTION 
Instrument Overview
      ===================
      The Giotto Magnetometer Experiment consisted of a triaxial and separate
      biaxial system of fluxgate sensors of the ring-core type, the
      associated analog electronics and a digital processor.  Because of the
      dust hazard near closest approach to comet 1P/Halley (the target of the
      original Giotto mission), a magnetometer boom could not be included in
      the spacecraft design.  The resulting magnetic contamination problem
      was addressed by the use of the two magnetometers and by a magnetic
      cleanliness program.
 
      For details on the instrument design and operation, see the article
      from ESA publication SP-1077 specifically concerning the magnetometer.
      This article is republished as part of the documentation included in
      the Giotto Extended Mission Archive.
MODEL IDENTIFIER
NAIF INSTRUMENT IDENTIFIER not applicable
SERIAL NUMBER not applicable
REFERENCES Acuna, M.H., 1974, 'FLUXGATE MAGNETOMETERS FOR OUTER PLANETS EXPLORATION', IEEE Trans., MAG-10, 519.

Alfven, H., 1958, 'On the Theory of Comet Tails', Tellus, 9, 92-96

Behannon, K.W., M.H. Acuna, L.F. Burlaga, R.P. Lepping, N.F. Ness, and F.M. Neubauer, Magnetic Field Experiment for Voyagers 1 and 2, Space Sci. Rev., Vol. 21, p. 235, 1977.

Cloutier, P. A., Tascione, T. F., Daniel, R. E. Jr., Taylor, H. A., and Wolfe, R. S., 1983, 'PHYSICS OF THE INTERACTION OF THE SOLAR WIND WITH THE IONOSPHERE OF VENUS: FLOW/FIELD MODELS', In: 'Venus' (Eds Hunten, D. M. et al), Univ. of Arizona Press, 941-979.

Hedgecock, P.C., A correlation technique for magnetometer zero level determination, Space Sci. Instr., 1, 83, 1975.

Ip, W. H., and Axford, W. I., 1982, 'Theories of Physical Processes in the Cometary Comae and Ion Tails', In: Comets (Ed. Wilkering et. al), Univ. of Arizona Press, 588-634.

'Encounters with Comet Halley, The first results', Nature, Volume 321, No. 6067, 15 May 1986.

Ness, N.F., Acuna, M.H., Behannon, K.W., Burlaga, L.F., Connerney, J.E.P., Lepping, R.P., , The Induced Magnetosphere of Titan, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 13469-1381, 1982.

Neubauer, F.M., The Giotto Magnetometer Experiment, ESA SP-169, 1981.

Neubauer, F.M., G. Musmann, M.H. Acuna, L.F. Burlaga, N.F. Ness, F. Mariani, M. Wallis, E. Ungstrup, and H. Schmidt, The Giotto magnetic field investigation, In: Cometary Exploration, Proc. Int. Conf. Cometary Exploration, 15-19, Budapest (Ed. Gombosi T I), 401-410, November 1982.

Neubauer, F.M., D.A. Gurnett, J.D. Scudder, and R.E. Hartle, Titan's Magnetospheric Interaction, Saturn, ed. by T. Gehrels, Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, 760-787, 1984.

Russell, C.T. and R.C. Elphic, 1979, Observation of magnetic flux ropes in the Venus ionosphere, Nature, 279, 616-618.

Russell C T & O Vaisberg, The interaction of the solar wind with Venus, Venus (Eds. Hunten et al.) University of Arizona Press, 873-940, 1983.

Schmidt, H.U., and R. Wegmann, Plasma flow and magnetic field in comets, In: Comets (Ed. L.L.Wilkening), University of Arizona Press, 538-560, 1982.

Wallis, M.K., Weakly shocked flows of the solar wind plasma through atmospheres of comets and planets, Planet. Space Sci., 21, 1647-1660, 1973.

Winske D., C.S. Wu, Y.Y. Li, Z.Z. Mou, and S.Y. Guo, Coupling of newborn ions to the solar wind by electromagnetic instabilities and their interaction with the bow shock, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 2713-2726, 1985.