Data Set Overview : OVERVIEW The data set lists orbital and physical properties for well-observed or suspected binary/multiple minor planets including the Pluto system, compiled from the published literature as inspired by Richardson and Walsh (2006) and similar reviews (Merline et al., 2003; Noll, 2006; Pravec et al., 2006; Pravec and Harris, 2007; Descamps and Marchis, 2008; Noll et al., 2008; Walsh, 2009). In total 256 companions in 242 systems are included. Data are presented in three tables: one for orbital and physical properties; one for companion designations, discovery information, and reference codes for data values; and one giving full references for each reference code. This data set is complete for binary/multiple components reported through 31 March 2014. ORBITAL/PHYSICAL PROPERTIES TABLE The first table (binarytable) lists orbital and physical properties of binary/multiple minor planets, with the following data: * minor planet number, name, and provisional designation; * minor planet dynamical type; * minor planet heliocentric semimajor axis (AU), eccentricity, and inclination; * combined effective diameter (km) with uncertainty and note code; * secondary-to-primary diameter ratio with uncertainty and note code; * primary diameter (km) with uncertainty and note code; * companion diameter (km) with uncertainty and note code; * primary spin period (h) with uncertainty and note code; * companion orbit semimajor axis (km) with uncertainty and note code; * companion orbital period (d) with uncertainty and note code; * companion orbital eccentricity with uncertainty and note code; * primary geometric albedo with uncertainty and note code; * system mass (kg) with uncertainty and note code; * and system density (g/cm^3) with uncertainty and note code. Entries are sorted first by permanent number then by provisional designation. Entries are included for all components in multiple (3+) systems. Dynamical type codes are as follows: 1:2 : Neptune 1:2 resonance object, 1:3 : Neptune 1:3 resonance object, 2:5 : Neptune 2:5 resonance object, 3:5 : Neptune 3:5 resonance object, 3:8 : Neptune 3:8 resonance object, 4:7 : Neptune 4:7 resonance object, AMO : Amor, APO : Apollo, ATE : Aten, CUB : Cubewano, JL4 : Jupiter L4 Trojan, JL5 : Jupiter L5 Trojan, MB : Main Belt asteroid, MC : Mars crosser, PLU : Plutino, SDO : scattered disk object, and TNO : other Transneptunian Object. Dynamical types are based on the Minor Planet Center 'Unusual Minor Planet' listings supplemented for outer solar system objects using classifications by the Deep Ecliptic Survey Team [http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/desclass.html] (see Elliot et al., 2005). Note codes indicate comments on data values as follows: A : assumed; D : derived from published measurements; E : estimated based on assumed values; G : greater than; H : (for periods) period of one-half the stated value also possible; L : less than; Q : (for period) multiple periods exist, with association of stated period with primary inconclusive; S : (for binary semimajor axis) projected separation distance. For objects without measured diameters, diameters are estimated by first obtaining the system effective diameter from D_c : 1320 km * A^-0.5 * 0.1^(H/5) where D_c is the effective diameter (D_c^2 : D_1^2 + D_2^2), A is the albedo, and H is the combined absolute magnitude (from the MPCORB Database). Component diameters D_1 and D_2 are obtained from measured or estimated D_c using companion-to-primary diameter ratios D_2/D_1, either reported (e.g. derived from photometric lightcurve observations) or derived from magnitude difference between components (for binaries resolved by imaging), assuming identical albedos for both components. If unmeasured, albedos are assumed to be 0.16 for NEAs/main belt asteroids and 0.09 for outer solar system objects. For some objects with unknown binary semimajor axis values, the projected separation distance is provided. Estimated values of semimajor axis and/or orbital period are order-of-magnitude figures only, based on assumed values of density and/or albedo and (in some cases) assuming the binary semimajor axis is the same as the projected separation. If unmeasured, system densities are assumed to be 1.6 g/cm^3 for NEAs/main belt asteroids or 1.0 g/cm^3 for trans-Neptunian objects. Regarding uncertainties on measured values, readers are referred to the respective references. Dashes or invalid inputs (usually -9.99) indicate unassigned or unknown values. COMPANION DESIGNATIONS/DISCOVERY INFORMATION/REFERENCES TABLE The second table (binaryothref) includes companion designations (either permanent or provisional), discovery information, and reference codes for data values listed in the orbital and physical properties table, as follows: * minor planet number, name, and provisional designation; * code for discovery detection method; * year of announcement of the discovery; * year of last update in this database; * and reference codes. Discovery method codes are as follows: A : adaptive optics telescope imaging, C : combined radar/lightcurve observations, H : Hubble Space Telescope imaging, I : imaging, other or unspecified, L : photometric lightcurve observations, R : radar observations, S : spacecraft imaging. Year of last update corresponds to the year of the version of the most recent update or addition to physical or secondary orbital parameters, either V7.0 (31 March 2014), V6.0 (31 March 2013), V5.0 (31 March 2012), V4.0 (31 March 2011), V3.0 (31 March 2010), or V2.0 (4 May 2009). Reference codes are given for each orbital or physical property value, with codes referring to complete references listed in a separate file (binaryrefs.asc). Dashes or spaces indicate unassigned values. REFERENCES TABLE The third table (references) has columns for reference codes and full reference information. MODIFICATION HISTORY Differences between the current database version and the previous version (2013) are: * The current version includes data on 256 companions in 242 systems, or 14 more components and 13 more systems than the previous release. * New or revised parameters are reported for 69 of the 242 companions included in the previous release. * Heliocentric orbit semimajor axis, eccentricity, and inclination are updated from the MPC Orbit (MPCORB) Database, and outer solar system dynamical types are supplemented by classifications from the Deep Ecliptic Survey Team. Modifications in successive versions are summarized as follows: * V1.0 (July 2006) listed 60 companions in 60 systems and included primary designation, dynamical type, primary and secondary diameters, primary rotation period, secondary orbital semimajor axis and period, and system mass and density, with references. * V2.0 (4 May 2009) listed 173 companions in 165 systems, added entries for additional components in multiple systems, added data on geometric albedo, discovery method, date of discovery announcement and secondary designation, added note codes and references linked to each data value, and added more specific dynamical types. * V3.0 (31 March 2010) listed 194 companions in 183 systems and added year of last update. * V4.0 (31 March 2011) listed 202 companions in 191 systems. * V5.0 (31 March 2012) listed 218 companions in 206 systems. * V6.0 (31 March 2013) listed 242 companions in 229 systems, added data on combined effective diameter, diameter ratio, and secondary orbital eccentricity. * V7.0 (31 March 2014) lists 256 companions in 242 systems. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION This data set is intended to provide a quick overview of data on asteroids and trans-Neptunian objects with companions. Readers should refer to the original works regarding cited data and for additional details. Also, there are currently a number of electronic databases on minor planets with more extensive information, including: * Johnston, W. R., Asteroids with Satellites [http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html]. * Marchis, F., et al., Virtual Observatory Binary Asteroids Database [http://cilaos.berkeley.edu/PHP_scripts/VOBAD/VOBAD_portal.html]. * Warner, B. D., A. W. Harris, and P. Pravec, Asteroid Lightcurve Database [http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html]. * Grundy, W. M., et al., Orbit Status of Known Binary TNOs [http://www2.lowell.edu/users/grundy/tnbs/status.html]. * Harris, A. W., B. D. Warner, and P. Pravec, eds., Asteroid Lightcurve Derived Data V13.0, EAR-A-5-DDR-DERIVED-LIGHTCURVE-V13.0, NASA Planetary Data System, 2012 [http://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/lc.html]. * Delbo', M., P. Tanga, and J. Gerakis, Minor Planet Physical Properties Catalogue [http://mp3c.oca.eu/]. The NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) was used in compiling the data presented. REFERENCES Descamps, P., and F. Marchis, 2008, Angular momentum of binary asteroids: Implications for their possible origin, Icarus, 193:74-84. Elliot, J. L., et al., 2005, The Deep Ecliptic Survey: A search for Kuiper belt objects and Centaurs. II. Dynamical classification, the Kuiper belt plane, and the core population, Astron. J., 129:1117-1162. Harris, A. W., B. D. Warner, and P. Pravec, eds., 2011, Asteroid Lightcurve Derived Data V12.0, EAR-A-5-DDR-DERIVED-LIGHTCURVE-V12.0, NASA Planetary Data System. Merline, W. J., S. J. Weidenschilling, D. D. Durda, J.-L. Margot, P. Pravec, and A. D. Storrs, 2003, Asteroids do have Satellites, in Asteroids III, W. F. Bottke Jr., A. Cellino, P. Paolicchi, and R. P. Binzel (eds.), Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, 289-312. Noll, K. S., 2006, Solar system binaries, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteors, Proceedings of the 229th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, L. Daniela et al. (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 301-318. Noll, K. S., W. M. Grundy, E. I. Chiang, J.-L. Margot, and S. D. Kern, 2008, Binaries in the Kuiper Belt, in The Solar System Beyond Neptune, M. A. Barucci, H. Boehnhardt, D. P. Cruikshank, and A. Morbidelli (eds.), Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, 345-363. Pravec, P., and A. W. Harris, 2007, Binary asteroid population: 1. Angular momentum content, Icarus, 190:250-259. Pravec, P., et al., 2006, Photometric survey of binary near-Earth asteroids, Icarus, 181:63-93. Richardson, D. C., and K. J. Walsh, 2006, Binary minor planets, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 34:47-81. Walsh, K. J., 2009, Asteroids with satellites: Inventory, properties, and prospects for future discoveries, Earth, Moon, and Planets, 105:193-199.

Confidence Level Overview : The Astrophysics Data System (ADS) was used to collect the data presented in these tables. Users are referred to the individual papers in the ancillary document for the confidence level of each item.