DATA_SET_DESCRIPTION |
Data Set Overview
=================
This data set contains image products acquired by the MARDI
instrument.
This data set uses the Committee on Data Management and
Computation (CODMAC) data level numbering system. The MSL
MARDI RDRs are considered Level 4 or Resampled. The RDRs
are created from EDR images and contain irreversibly
transformed data due to the nature of JPEG decompression.
Processing
==========
After extracting and decompressing (if needed) EDR products,
4 RDR products are created for each EDR. These are
generated from validated data. The products are:
(1) decompressed and radiometrically calibrated (16-bit),
(2) decompressed, radiometrically calibrated, and color corrected
(8-bit),
(3) decompressed, radiometrically calibrated, and geometrically
linearized (16-bit), and
(4) decompressed, radiometrically calibrated, color corrected,
and geometrically linearized (8-bit).
Data
====
The RDRs produced have detached PDS-compliant labels.
The Mast Camera (Mastcam), Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI),
and Mars Descent Imager (MARDI) Experiment Data Record (EDR)
and Reduced Data Record (RDR) PDS Data Products Software
Interface Specification contains a detailed description of the
RDR formatted products.
There are 9 image data types (6 images, 3 thumbnails) that can be
wrapped into the original data format that is transferred from
the cameras. Some of these are compressed in a format which can
reproduce an image identical to the original image on the
instrument (lossless compression), some are transferred in lossy
format, some are full-scale and others sub-sampled (the only sub-
sampled is by a factor of 8, used to produce thumbnail images).
The RDR data file includes the camera mini-header generated by
the camera, followed by original image data as formatted by the
camera.
Not including sub-framing, MARDI can take a variety of image data
formats and accomplish this by internal processing. The cameras
always acquire raw 12-bit data. Normally, the 12-bit raw data
are converted from 12-to-8-bits through the use of a variety
of companding (compress/expand) lookup tables, the most generally
used being a modified square-root encoding scheme that allocates
additional values to low DNs. These companded 8-bit images can
then be processed either immediately, and stored into each
camera's 8-Gbyte buffer, or they can be stored unprocessed in the
buffer, and then later processed in response to downlink commands.
It is this flexibility that leads to the complexities of the raw
data format and its description.
In addition to the 12-to-8-bit companding, on-board processing
includes the following capabilities: Bayer pattern interpolation,
lossless compression, and JPEG compression. Except for thumbnails,
the cameras do not support sub-sampling or resampling, but do
support sub-framing.
Thumbnails are created by creating a scratch JPEG image, and
extracting the lowest order coefficients of the discrete cosine
transform 8x8 pixel compression block, or minimum compression unit
(MCU), which is essentially the average of the 8x8 spatial domain
MCU. These coefficients are then assembled into an 1/8th sized
image, and can then themselves be JPEG compressed. The extraction
of these coefficients is the only way MARDI images can be
sub-sampled.
The following is a table of the different image product types
generated by MARDI which are contained within the raw camera data
record.
Type Product Format Pixel bits
-----------------------------------------------------
A Image Raster 48
B Image Raster 48
C Image Lossless 48
D Image JPEG gray 16
E Image JPEG 422 48
F Image JPEG 444 48
G Thumbnail Raster 16
H Thumbnail JPEG gray 16
I Thumbnail JPEG 444 48
Refer to the Mast Camera (Mastcam), Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI),
and Mars Descent Imager (MARDI) Experiment Data Record (EDR)
and Reduced Data Record (RDR) PDS Data Products Software
Interface Specification for further details on the MARDI data
products and RDR processing.
|