This dictionary is in development by multiple parties at UMD (NH migration) and SWRI (NH second extended mission). Async releases are anticipated to keep the published dictionary in line with published data. Initials/handles: ACR Anne Raugh, SBN at UMD AGB Adeline Gicquel-Brodtke, SBN at UMD BJH Ben Hirsch, SBN at UMD cgobat Caden Gobat, SwRI MKC M. Kate Crombie, Indigo Information Systems, LLC ======= Modification History: 2024-04-03 ACR Begin history === Version 1.2.1.0 2026-06-03 ACR Minor tweaks to Radiometric_Conversion_Constants class to accommodate the launch and Jupiter phases of the mission that have an unresolved discrepancy in units for these constants in the MVIC labels. The constants are being omitted from the PDS4 v1.0 labels in these cases until the discrepancy can be resolved. 2026-06-04 ACR Multiple minor changes to clear issues: #330 Change some Observational_Parameters elements to optional - Modified constraints in nh:Observational_Parameters for elements nh:sequence_id, nh:observation_description, and nh:Mission_Elapsed_Time; fixed Rule definition "check_bias" to allow nh:Framing_Biases to be absent in framing observations, and still forbidden in TDI scans. #349 Allow multiple mission_phase_name values - Modified constraint in nh:Mission_Parameters class #352 Add SWAP ApID Translation - Added nh:telemetry_apid_translation as optional attribute in nh:Observation_Parameters #36 (in local repo) nh:target_motion_rate... - Removed vaild max/min in definition because different instruments have differing ranges with vastly different units of measure. Schema validation cannot validate based on unit of measure or context. 2026-06-05 ACR Removed commented-out code removed in previous versions. === Version 1.2.0.0 2024-11-26 ACR Removed (well, commented out) unused class LORRI_Target_Information and its three attributes. There were issues with the attribute descriptions in any event, misconstruing the use of xsi:nil and instructing users to insert "UNK" as a value for target name, which is not appropriate. If target pixel location is desired, recommend we determine it precisedly via SPICE and convert to pixel location. 2025-01-09 ACR Changed minOccurs for nh:Observation_Parameters in nh:Mission_Parameters to zero (i.e., made it optional). No test added for when it should be used largely because for migration the templates will already include the optional class everywhere it makes sense. Changed minOccirs for nh:Spacecraft_State in nh:Observation_Parameters to zero and added note in definition that if the class has no relevant attributes, it should be omitted entirely. 2025-01-10 ACR Changed detector_name value for SWAP and added rule to flag the old value as no longer acceptable. 2025-01-28 ACR Corrected minor typos in spelling, punctuation, etc. as they were noted in passing. 2025-02-15 ACR o Deprecated pointing_method o Updated: frame_data_source definition, gc_scan_rate, target_motion_rate, radiometry_response_offset o Set max/min for target_motion_rate on appropriate range, which is 1-1100 microrad/s, but will appear in labels with units of rad/s (so 0.000001-0.0011 rad/s). o Removed "[CHECK]" remark from radio_bandwidth o Completed NH/KEM1/KEM2 mission_phase_name value list. o Modified definition of agc_gain_provenance to replace reference to non-existent permissible value in agc_setting_source to the correct permissible value. Replaced references to "ULDB" acronym with "uplink database" in agc_setting_source. o Expanded "TDI" acronym in error messages and definitions. o Clarified the English in the "check_bias" DD_Rule. o Added Internal_Reference to SOC Instrument ICD document to REX attribute definitions that quoted the power equation in the definitions and did not already have such a reference. Also added reference to ICD document name in definition. o Modified the definition of time_tag_calibration_constant based on an email conversation and reference to the REX chapter of the ICD. o Updated definition of Radiometric_Conversion_Constants class to explicitly state that it appears in both MVIC and LORRI data. o Added door_position attribute to Alice_Details class. It is technically optional to avoid a non-backwards compatible change, but it should always be present. === Version 1.1.0.0 === 2024-04-03 to 2024-04-05 Version 1.1.0 continued updates: ACR Deprecate MVIC_Conversion_Constants class in favor of Radiometric_Conversion_Constants class, with corresponding Schematron rule. Consistently add "nh:" prefix to references in descriptions. Review definitions for completeness, consistency, and style; flag problems. 2024-06-15 ACR Manually resolved conflicts resulting from multiple people editing the the same parts of the file in separate branches. Convert all occurrences of the name to "Alice". Split "scan_type" attribute definition into two occurences, one for MVIC and one for LEISA, to accommodate different permissible value lists. Modified LEISA_Details class definition to not refer to "channels". 2024-06-20 Added schematron rule to enforce correct units for resolved vs. cgobat unresolved sources in nh:units_of_conversion_constants; updated several attribute descriptions and removed [INCOMPLETE] and [CHECK] flags; removed "Spectrograph" as a permissible value for nh:detector_type; added a minimum value of absolute zero for LEISA temperature attribute; added the SOCC to the list of permissible Alice aperture values; removed nh:binning_mode attribute and its parent class nh:LORRI_Details (of which it was the only member). The Alice_Details class collects observational parameters that are specific to the Alice instrument. The nh:Detector class provides observation metadata relevant to the specific detector (an instrument may have more than one detector) used to collect the data. The nh:Frame_Bias_Levels class records the frame number and left/right bias levels for a single frame in a framing observation sequence. In the MVIC detector used for framing observations, the bias level for left and right sides of the detector may vary. Bias levels on each side are measured with every observation through shielded pixels on either side of the detector, the bias values for the pixels from each side them being averaged to return a single median bias level for each side of the detector. These bias levels are reported as left and right median bias levels for each frame. The nh:Framing_Biases class contains one nh:Frame_Bias_Levels class for each individual frame of a framing observation. These classes provide the left and right side bias levels applied in calibrating the data. The nh:LEISA_Details class collects observational parameters that are specific to the LEISA instrument. The nh:MVIC_Calibration_Information class gathers attributes related to the attributes of the detector and other information relevant to the calibration processing performed to produce the current data product. This class is deprecated as of version 1.1.0.0. Please use nh:Radiometric_Conversion_Constants instead. The nh:MVIC_Conversion_Constants class provides the values needed to run the conversion from the calibrated pixel values to physical units. This conversion is dependent on the spectral distribition of the source, the MVIC detector wavelength range, and whether or not the source is resolved. A description of how to convert from data values to physical units is provided in the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document. The nh:MVIC_Details class collects observational parameters that are specific to the MVIC instrument and its various channels. The nh:Mission_Elapsed_Time class provides spacecraft clock partition and count readings for the start and end of the observation(s) comprising the data product. The nh:Mission_Parameters class presents the various New Horizons-specific metadata for both primary and extended missions. The nh:Observation_Parameters class collects observational metadata that is specific to the mission, spacecraft, and instrument which produced the data product. Some elements are optional to accommodate higher-level producet for which particular attributes might not be applicable. The nh:REX_Radiometry_Information class collects radiometric parameter values and conversion information specific to Radio Science Experiment (REX) observations. The nh:Radiometric_Conversion_Constants class provides the values needed to run the conversion from the calibrated pixel values to physical units for the MVIC and LORRI instruments. This conversion is dependent on the spectral distribition of the source, the detector wavelength range, and whether or not the source is resolved. A description of how to convert from data values to physical units is provided in the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document. The nh:Ralph_Details class presents Ralph common instrument parameters needed for data calibration. The nh:Resolved_Source class presents radiometric conversion constants for converting calibrated pixel values into physical units for sources which are resolved. The nh:SWAP_Details class collects observational parameters that are specific to the SWAP instrument. The nh:Spacecraft_State class collects observational parameters that are specific to the spacecraft state at the time of the observation. If none of its attributes are relevant to the data product, this class should be omitted. The nh:Unresolved_Source class presents radiometric conversion constants for converting calibrated pixel values into physical units for sources which are not resolved. This section contains the simpleTypes that provide more constraints than those at the base data type level. The simpleTypes defined here build on the base data types. This is another component of the common dictionary and therefore falls within the common namespace. The nh:agc_gain_provenance attribute supplies the provenance for the nh:agc_gain_setting attribute. If nh:agc_setting_source='ULCMD', this value will take the form 'YYDOY.ssf:...', where YY is the two-digit year, DOY is the day-of-year, and '...' represents a string that indicates the source sequence file. Otherwise, if nh:agc_setting_source='AUX', this value will be 'Nominal'. The nominal automatic gain control (AGC) values are 167 for side A and 163 for side B. The nh:agc_gain_setting attribute supplies the value of the automatic gain control (AGC) setting used in the radiometry calibration. The nh:agc_setting_source attribute provides the source of the nh:agc_gain_setting value. The Alice instrument has two different apertures (i.e., optical paths) through which it can collect data: the "airglow" aperture and the solar occultation channel (SOCC). The nh:aperture attribute indicates which was used for a given data product. The nh:arrokoth_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to (486958) Arrokoth (a.k.a., 2014 MU69) to convert calibrated data to physical units. The nh:base_agc_gain attribute supplies the nominal/base AGC gain setting for the active side of the REX electronics. The nh:base_power attribute supplies the base/offset value in dBm for REX radiometry. This is equivalent to the output power when RAW = (10^(-Ro/10))/Bandwidth and AGC = AGCOF in the formula Power[dBm] = Rbase + 10*log10(Bandwidth*RAW) + dBstep*(AGC-AGCOF) + Ro The nominal values for this attribute are -176.852 for right circular polarization (side A) and -177.177 for left circular polarization (side B). This equation is explained in section 12.3.1.2 of the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD". The nh:charon_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to Pluto I (Charon) to convert calibrated data to physical units. The nh:clock_partition holds the mission clock partition counter. This is a simple integer. The nh:detector_name provides the identifier of the detector that recorded the observation(s) comprising the product. For instruments with multiple detectors, as in the case of MVIC, for example, this string will include both the instrument ID and the specific detector ID. The nh:detector_type attribute provides a brief indication of the type of hardware comprising the detector. The nh:door_position attribute indicate the status of the Alice Airglow Aperture door as reported in the housekeeping data associated with an observation. When there is no housekeeping data linked to a particular observation, this attribute will have a value of "Unknown". This condition does not occur in data prior to the Pluto Encounter phase of the primary mission. It is regularly reported in the Pluto Encounter data and all subsequent phases of the primary and extended missions. The nh:frame_data_source attribute indicates the source of the input as a two-digit hexadecimal number (i.e., one octet), represented as a string prefixed by '0x'. 0x00 is the default source when taking data of external 7.2 GHz signal or external radiometry and is the only value that indicates an observational product intended for science. All other values indicate REX-internal sources intended for diagnostics. The 4 least significant bits and the single most significant bit are not used. The nh:frame_number attribute is used to identify a single frame (or image plane) in an observation that is formatted as a 3D image cube. The first frame is numbered "0" (zero). The nh:gain attribute provides the gain setting applied in collecting the data, in units of electrons/DN. The nh:gc_scan_rate attribute provides the scan rate requested of the Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) system by the Ralph instrument. The rate is given in units of Hz. Note that this will always be a positive value for MVIC, but might be a negative value (indicating scan steps in the opposite direction) for LEISA. The nh:hk_packet_is_real attribute describes whether the Ralph housekeeping packet (ApID 0x510) is real (true) or assumed from a gap (false). The nh:iq_calibration_constant attribute supplies the I and Q response of the REX instrument, used to convert between raw counts and an I/Q value in mV. This constant has a nominal value of (1000 / (2^13)) mV/count. The nh:jupiter_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to Jupiter to convert calibrated data to physical units. The nh:left_side_median_bias attribute provides the median bias, in DN, determined by averaging the bias levels for the shielded pixels on the left side of the detector array. The nh:leisa_mode attribute identifies the data collection readout mode of the LEISA instrument, where RAW is for un-subtracted readout mode and SUBTRACTED for correlated double sample (CDS) mode. The nh:leisa_offset_1 attribute provides the voltage offset, in DN, in the first of the four LEISA quadrants. The nh:leisa_offset_2 attribute provides the voltage offset, in DN, in the second of the four LEISA quadrants. The nh:leisa_offset_3 attribute provides the voltage offset, in DN, in the third of the four LEISA quadrants. The nh:leisa_offset_4 attribute provides the voltage offset, in DN, in the fourth of the four LEISA quadrants. The nh:leisa_rate attribute provides the time between LEISA readouts. There is zero dead time between frames, so in practice, this value is equivalent to the per-frame exposure time, and the number of frames per second is exactly its reciprocal. The nh:leisa_side attribute indicates the hardware side in use during the observation sequence. The nh:leisa_temperature attribute provides the temperature of the LEISA instrument. The nh:met510 attribute provides the mission elapsed time (MET) of the Ralph housekeeping packet (ApID 0x510) that marks the start of an observation, used to determine the observation start time and frame rate. The nh:mission_phase_name provides the formal identification of the mission phase. Phases are identified continuously from primary through extended missions. The nh:observation_description element provides a human-readable decoding of the sequence_id string. It provides a basic description of the planned observation activity. Each instrument should have an accompanying ancillary/documentation file that lists all the planned sequences for each instrument for each mission phase. The nh:pholus_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to (5145) Pholus to convert calibrated data to physical units. The nh:physical_pixel_size attribute gives the hardware dimension of a single, square pixel within the detector. The nh:pivot_wavelength is used in converting the pixel values in the calibrated data into physical units for some instruments. It is wavelength-dependent, but once defined is constant for each detector. A description of how to convert from data values to physical units is provided in the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document. The nh:pluto_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to (134340) Pluto to convert calibrated data to physical units. The nh:pointing_method attribute is deprecated and should not be used in new migrations or data products. In some early migration data it contained a string copied from the FITS header that was used to indicate intended pointing to the pipeline software. It has no application to the processed data. The nh:radio_bandwidth attribute provides the active bandwidth of the REX radio. The nh:radiometry_response_offset attribute provides the response offset of the REX radiometer. The "offset" is the power level in REX if there is no RF power going into the X-band receiver. It is the power level produced by the receiver itself, and thus represents the noise level, or "system temperature", of the receiver. It is the "Ro" term in the formula Power[dBm] = Rbase + 10*log10(Bandwidth*RAW) + dBstep*(AGC-AGCOF) + Ro The nominal values are -101.030 dBm for side A and -104.547 dBm for side B. The nh:radiometry_response_step attribute provides the REX radiometer response per -1 step in the automatic gain control (AGC) setting (away from the base value). This quantity is represented by 'dBstep' in the formula Power[dBm] = Rbase + 10*log10(Bandwidth*RAW) + dBstep*(AGC-AGCOF) + Ro given in section 12.3.1.2 of the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document. The nh:read_noise attribute provides the noise level of the detector as a count of electrons. The nh:relative_control_mode_active attribute is a true/false flag that indicates if the relative control mode of the spacecraft was enabled during the operational sequence. The nh:right_side_median_bias attribute provides the median bias, in DN, determined by averaging the bias levels for the shielded pixels on the right side of the detector array. The nh:scan_type attribute indicates what sort of scanning was employed in collecting the data. The nh:sequence_id provides a long string encoding some infomation about the planned observing sequence. A more human-readable description should be provided in the nh:observation_description element. Each instrument should have an accompanying ancillary/documentation file that lists all the planned sequences for each instrument for each mission phase. The nh:solar_constant attribute supplies the constant to be used for sources with spectral distribution similar to the Sun to convert MVIC calibrated data to physical units. The nh:spacecraft_spin_state attribute indicates which of the spacecraft spin states was employed during the observation sequence. The nh:start_clock_count is the Mission Elapsed Time code at the start of the observation(s), formatted as spacecraft clock ticks and indicating whole and fractional seconds. The nh:stop_clock_count is the Mission Elapsed Time code at the end of the observation(s), formatted as spacecraft clock ticks and indicating whole and fractional seconds. The nh:sweep_samples_count attribute is the count of samples during a sweep of the SWAP electro-optics. The nh:target_motion_rate attribute is the rate of motion of the target with respect to the instrument detector in units of rad/s. The nh:tdi_median_bias_level attribute gives the median bias level of a time-delay integration observation. For time delay integration (TDI) mode, bias levels in each detector were determined in-flight during early mission phases. They may vary depending on exposure length. See the "New Horizonz SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document for details. The nh:tdi_rate attribute is the rate at which charge was moved through successive rows of the detector in obtaining the observation. This rate was calculated to match the scan rate of the spacecraft. The nh:telemetry_apid is the application identifier for the observation. The values are specific to instrument and activity. The definitions for apIDs relevant to the archived observations are contained in various tables in the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD document. The apID is used in formulating the file name, among other things. Metadata encoded in the apID is contained in separate metadata elements elsewhere in the label. The nh:telemetry_apid_translation is an optional attribute that provides a human-readable indication of the mode of activity corresponding to the nh:telemetry_apid value. The nh:thruster_x_enabled attribute describes the state of the x thruster. The thruster is either enabled ('true') or disabled ('false'). The nh:thruster_y_enabled attribute describes the state of the y thruster. The thruster is either enabled ('true') or disabled ('false'). The nh:thruster_z_enabled attribute describes the state of the z thruster. The thruster is either enabled ('true') or disabled ('false'). In a REX Observational Frame (ROF) data products there is a time tag represented as an unsigned integer that increments with each frame, resetting to zero only after a "start" command, rather than with each sequence. The time tags are used to check for a break in the ROF sequence, and to calculate time between ROFs. The nh:time_tag_calibration_constant is the length of time corresponding to a single time tag increment, nominally 0.1024s. The calibrated data are not converted to physical units, because the conversion applied depends on the general spectrum of the object being converted and whether it is resolved. For resolved sources, the conversion produces data in units of radiance. For unresolved sources, the conversion results in units of flux (irradiance). The nh:units_of_conversion_constants attribute contains the appropriate physical units for the conversion constants in the class in which it is contained to produce either radiance or flux units, as appropriate, when the conversion is applied. A description of how to convert from data values to physical units is provided in the "New Horizons SOC to Instrument Pipeline ICD" document.