| DATA_SET_DESCRIPTION |
Overview:
=========
This data set provides energetic (MeV) ion count rates and events
measured by the Heavy Ion Counter (HIC) instrument on the Galileo
spacecraft. These data are derived from high time resolution raw data
that were recorded to tape and then played back later in the orbit.
There are two basic types of data files associated with the full-rate
reduced data: Detector Count Rates and Events (Pulse Heights). Both types
of files set are stored as ASCII tables, where the file parameters are
functions of time. Appropriate information concerning the operation
of the instrument can be found in Garrard, Gehrels and Stone, Space Sci.
Rev., 60, 305, 1992 [GARRARDETAL1992].
This data set is highly discontinuous in time. Because of the severe
limitations in the downlink capability of the Galileo spacecraft,
LPW rate data were recorded only for targeted observations. Most
of these data were acquired near the Galilean moons, although
selected observations were made in various locations around the
magnetosphere. Table 1 below provides a listing of the start and
stop times of the recorded data segments, organized according to.
where the data were acquired.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. LPW Resolution Data Coverage**
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Io Flybys:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
I00 IO 95-12-07 15:21 184 5.4- 7.7 10.6-12.3 204-290
I24 IO 99-10-11 03:42 66 5.7- 6.0 10.1-10.9 59- 87 2
I25 IO N/A 1
I27 IO 00-02-22 13:04 81 5.9- 6.0 8.4- 9.4 64- 97
I31 IO 01-08-06 04:25 64 5.9 3.9- 4.7 145-171
I32 IO 01-10-16 01:06 73 5.9- 6.1 4.8- 5.7 253-283
I33 IO N/A 1
Europa Flybys:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID* Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
E04 EUR 96-12-19 06:33 51 9.4- 9.5 16.6-16.9 147-173
E06 EUR 97-02-20 16:37 312 9.5- 9.1 12.8-14.8 326-125
E11 EUR 97-11-06 20:09 162 9.0- 9.4 10.8-11.9 211-294
E12 EUR 97-12-16 11:42 46 9.4- 9.6 14.5-14.8 107-131
E14 EUR 98-03-29 13:05 55 9.4- 9.6 14.3-14.7 176-204
E15 EUR 98-05-31 20:42 61 9.4- 9.6 9.9-10.3 277-308
E16 EUR N/A 1
E18 EUR N/A 1
E19 EUR 99-02-01 01:49 50 9.2- 9.4 9.7-10.0 245-270
E26 EUR 00-01-03 17:29 61 9.2- 9.7 2.8- 3.1 346- 18
Ganymede Flybys:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
G01 GAN 96-06-27 06:07 45 14.9-15.2 11.2-11.3 163-188
G02 GAN 96-09-06 18:32 56 14.8-15.2 10.7-10.9 143-174
G07 GAN 97-04-05 06:44 56 14.8-15.2 19.7-19.8 5- 37
G08 GAN 97-05-07 15:36 46 14.8-15.1 8.1- 8.2 276-302
G28 GAN 00-05-20 09:40 60 14.7-15.3 0.7- 0.8 335- 9
G29 GAN 00-12-28 07:57 57 14.7-15.2 23.9- 0.0 205-237
Callisto Flybys:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
C03 CALL 96-11-04 13:15 45 26.1-26.4 7.8 231-258
C09 CALL 97-06-25 13:25 46 26.1-26.4 5.5 47- 74
C10 CALL 97-09-16 23:49 60 26.0-26.4 5.0- 5.1 318-354
C30 CALL 01-05-25 11:09 36 26.2-26.5 13.1-13.2 68- 89
Amalthea Flyby:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
34 AMA 02-11-05 02:44 231 6.2- 2.3 6.4- 3.0 102-149
Inner Magnetosphere:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
J00 PJOV 95-12-07 23:22 124 4.0- 5.2 18.4-20.5 18- 62
I24 TOR N/A 1
I32 TOR 01-10-15 22:55 33 5.8- 5.9 3.0- 3.4 198-211
I25 TOR 99-11-25 21:07 174 5.9- 7.0 5.1- 7.0 336- 53 2
A34 PSX7 02-11-05 01:05 90 6.3- 7.7 17.7-18.2 24- 70
C23 PJOV 99-09-14 14:36 412 6.5- 7.7 6.1-10.3 52-239
C21 PJOV 99-07-01 23:53 113 7.6- 8.2 7.4- 8.3 247-301
C22 PJOV 99-08-12 08:18 288 7.3- 7.6 8.4-11.0 225- 0
E11 EQX (see E11 EUR) 3
I32 RAMP 01-10-15 15:31 115 7.8-8.9 22.9-23.7 354- 52
C10 EQX 97-09-18 22:34 46 9.2 12.5-12.8 102-125
C20 PJOV 99-05-03 15:59 122 9.4 10.0-10.8 45-106
A34 PSX6 02-11-04 21:48 45 10.3 17.0-17.1 285-300
Middle Magnetosphere:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
C09 TAR 97-06-28 13:50 61 18.1-18.5 18.1-18.2 324-359
C03 TAR 96-11-05 07:04 40 19.3-19.0 8.9- 9.0 140-163
G08 QRS 97-05-06 13:00 129 25.0-25.8 5.9- 6.0 63-140
G01 PSX 96-06-30 02:00 46 27.2-27.5 22.8 292-319
A34 PSX2 02-11-03 15:28 45 29.4-29.0 15.6 276-303
A34 PSX1 02-11-03 10:38 45 31.8-31.4 15.5 102-132
G02 PSX 96-09-11 02:38 40 39.2-39.4 23.8-23.9 121-145
G07 PSX 97-03-30 18:49 46 46.2-46.4 4.8 125-152
Magnetotail:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Dur. Jup Range Local Time S3 WLON
Obs. ID Start Time (min) (Rj) (hours) (deg). Note
-----------------------------------------------------------------
C09 DSK1 97-07-04 14:09 118 64 22.1 99-170
C09 DSK2 97-07-14 10:03 45 107 23.2 357- 25
E18 DSK 98-12-10 19:36 288 109 22.5 285- 98
C09 DSK3 97-07-23 13:11 46 129 23.7 18- 45
C09 DAWN 97-08-23 14:07 122 130 0.9- 1.0 17- 90
C09 APJ 97-08-07 11:06 101 143 0.3 30- 91
* The ID element is derived from the SEF identifier for the
recorded observation. The recording identifiers translate to:
IO, GAN, EUR, CALL - satellites
PSX - plasma sheet crossing
TAR - trans-auroral region
QRS - quarter rotation survey
DSK - dusk side of orbit (see local time)
DAWN - dawn side of orbit (see local time)
APJ - apojove
TOR - Io torus
EQX - magnetic equator crossing
PJOV - perijove
RAMP - outer torus
These designations were defined by the sequence team.
** LPW coverage indicates time periods that were recorded in LPW
format. Not all HIC data files span entire recorded interval.
Notes:
1 = Recording lost due to spacecraft safing/anomaly
2 = Stats given for primary observation interval only, data file.
includes additional intervals of 'ridealong' data.
3 = E11 EUR and EQU are continuous and listed as a single
observation.
Table 2 provides a listing of the various satellite closest
approach times and the location of the spacecraft, relative to
the satellite at these times.
------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Satellite Flyby Characteristics*
------------------------------------------------------------
Satellite Planetocentric Coords
Range Lat E Lon
Orb Moon C/A Time (Rm**) (deg) (deg) Note
------------------------------------------------------------
0 IO 95-12-07 17:45:58 1.50 -9.6 258.9 W
24 IO 99-10-11 04:33:03 1.34 4.5 135.9 U
27 IO 00-02-22 13:46:41 1.11 18.5 157.4 U
31 IO 01-08-06 04:59:21 1.11 77.5 187.7 P
32 IO 01-10-16 01:23:21 1.10 -78.5 135.3 P
33 IO 02-01-17 14:08:28 1.06 -43.5 41.8 F
4 EUR 96-12-19 06:52:58 1.45 -1.7 322.4 F
6 EUR 97-02-20 17:06:10 1.38 -17.0 34.7 F
11 EUR 97-11-06 20:31:44 2.31 25.7 218.7 F
12 EUR 97-12-16 12:03:20 1.13 -8.7 134.4 U
14 EUR 98-03-29 13:21:05 2.06 12.2 131.2 U
15 EUR 98-05-31 21:12:57 2.62 15.0 225.4 W
19 EUR 99-02-01 02:19:50 1.93 30.5 28.1 U
26 EUR 00-01-03 17:59:43 1.22 -47.1 83.4 U
1 GAN 96-06-27 06:29:07 1.32 30.4 246.7 W
2 GAN 96-09-06 18:59:34 1.10 79.3 236.4 P
7 GAN 97-04-05 07:09:58 2.18 55.8 270.4 W
8 GAN 97-05-07 15:56:10 1.61 28.3 84.8 U
28 GAN 00-05-20 10:10:10 1.31 -19.0 92.4 U
29 GAN 00-12-28 08:25:27 1.89 62.2 269.0 P
3 CALL 96-11-04 13:34:28 1.47 13.2 282.3 W
9 CALL 97-06-25 13:47:50 1.17 2.0 101.0 U
10 CALL 97-09-17 00:18:55 1.22 4.6 281.3 W
30 CALL 01-05-25 11:23:58 1.06 13.6 254.6 W
34 AMA 02-11-05 06:18:40 2.89 -47.7 74.8 U
* Satellite encounters with recorded data only
** Moon Rm (km)
=======================
Amalthea 86.2
Io 1818
Europa 1560
Ganymede 2634
Callisto 2409
Notes: Negative latitudes are southern hemisphere,
U = upstream
F = flank
W = wake
P = polar
Processing:
===========
The data are processed from the level 2 data obtained from the Query
Server at JPL. The rate files are a level 3 product where the instrument
counting rates have been converted into units of counts/second and are
given at full time resolution.
The event files are a level 3 product where the event data has been
extracted from the data stream, a nuclear charge (Z) of each event has
been calculated along with the appropriate livetime and geometry factor.
The energy deposited in each of three detectors is also given in MeV.
Every 2 seconds the HIC instrument zeros the rate counters and begins
accumulation. One event per minor frame is selected (based
on a priority scheme) and transmitted to the spacecraft along with 2 - 3
rates. Some of the less important / scientifically interesting rates are
subcommutated and thus only transmitted once every 16 HIC packets (1 HIC
packet equals 3 minor frames equals 2 seconds). The data, with 2 second
time resolution, consists of (up to) 3 events and 8 rates.
The different rates respond to different energy ranges. These are given
in MeV/nucleon (for oxygen) below:
Rate Energy Range (MeV/nuc for oxygen)
----------------------------------------------------------
single LET E rates
LE1 15.1 - 25.3
LE2 14.9 - 176.0
LE3 15.4 - 192.0
LE4 17.9 - 177.0
LE5 44.8 - 185.0
coincidence LET E rates
DUBL 17.0 - 18.0
TRPL 18.0 - 24.0
WDSTP 30.0 - 48.0
WDPEN 48.0 - 185.0
single LET B rates
LB1 1.9 - 5000.0
LB2 1.9 - 7000.0
LB3 2.1 - 13000.0
LB4 16.6 - 95000.0
coincidence LET B rates
LETB 4.8 - 17.5
The rate data can be converted to fluxes using the geometry factors
given in the technical document included on this CD.
Each event transmitted is tagged according to its event type. The
corresponding event numbers are given below.
Set of Event TYPEs
------------------
20 LETB Single
21 LETB Double
22 LETB Triple
23 LETE Double
24 LETE Triple
25 LETE WDSTP
26 LETE WDSTPL1
27 LETE WDPEN
28 LETE WDPENL1
It was determined that at times the LETB sensor was mistagging events.
A check was implemented in the ground event processing to determine
the correct tag for a given event based on the returned pulse heights.
An extended set of event types (given below) were created to indicate
those events which were originally mistagged. For these events no Z
(nuclear charge) or livetime value is determined. It is possible to
group the events, based on the pulse heights, into 3 basic
compositional categories (S, Na or S, and O or Na or S).
Extended Set of Event TYPEs
---------------------------
(Occasionally LETB events are mistagged. By examining the
pulse heights the events can be reclassified.
----------------------------------------------------------------
30 = was a LETB single, now is a O/Na/S LETB single
31 = was a LETB single, now is a Na/S LETB single
32 = was a LETB single, now is a S LETB single
33 = was a LETB double, now is a O/Na/S LETB single
34 = was a LETB double, now is a Na/S LETB single
35 = was a LETB double, now is a S LETB single
36 = was a LETB triple, now is a O/Na/S LETB single
37 = was a LETB triple, now is a Na/S LETB single
38 = was a LETB triple, now is a S LETB single
40 = was a LETB single, now is a LETB double
41 = N/A
42 = was a LETB triple, now is a LETB double
50 = was a LETB single, now is a LETB triple
51 = was a LETB double, now is a LETB triple
52 = N/A
Ancillary Data:
===============
There are no ancillary data uniquely associated with the HIC
reduced data archive. However, the spacecraft trajectory and
attitude data, and the As-run Spacecraft Events Files that are
provided on the same archive volume as these data are useful
ancillary products for users of the HIC data.
Coordinate System:
==================
These are scalar data.
Software:
=========
There is no software provided with this archive.
Media/Format:
=============
Event Data:
-----------
The Event data are stored as a simple ASCII data table. The first 18
lines of the original data file consisted of a header that has been
moved to the PDS label (file and data info sections). The header
contains summary information describing the 12 columns of data.
The summary includes:
- Count of adjustments by event type -
Occasionally portions of data required for processing at this level
is missing from instrument records. In these cases a default
'livetime' value has been supplied. The number of times this
'adjustment' was performed is reported by event type.
- Count of events by event type -
Event TYPE values that fall within the set (see below for explanation
of the set) of expected values are counted.
The accumulated count of these events are reported here by event type.
- Number of bad event types -
Only certain values are expected in the TYPE field. Event TYPE
values falling outside the set of expected values are counted.
The accumulated count of these events are reported here.
Each data line consists of a PDS date/time string, an spacecraft
clock (SLK) counter string and 10 numeric fields. These fields
are all floating point with the exception of the 'DateTime', 'SCLK'
and 'TYPE' columns.
The data are contained in ASCII format.
The columns are in the following order:
Column
Heading Contents Format Example
------- -------- ------ -------
DateTime Spacecraft Event Time (SCET) in
UTC, derived from PB (Playback)
level0 telemetry header data
format: %4d-%02d-%02dT%02s:%02d:%06.3f
example: 1995-12-07T15:30:08.439Z
SCLK Spacecraft clock from %07ld:%02ld:0:0 3497588:00:0:0
raw telemetry header
TYPE Telescope ID with which the %2d 23
event is associated.
For set of values and
definitions, see below.
e1 Energy (MeV) deposited in %8.2f 15.63
the e1 detector
e2 Energy (MeV) deposited in %8.2f 15.63
the e2 detector
e3 Energy (MeV) deposited in %8.2f 15.63
the e3 detector
Estimated nuclear charge %8.2f 7.52
of particle.
Note: incomplete or no data 99.90
is indicated by the special
value of 99.90
dz Difference of 2 calculations %8.2f 0.54
of nuclear charge; indicates
approximate error in .
Eavg Rough estimate of incident %10.4f 122.1000
energy of particle.
SCTHavg Rough estimate of secant of %10.4f 122.1000
of incident angle of particle.
livetime livetime (in seconds) %11.4 0.5333
appropriate for the event;
calculated from the ratio of
rates to telemetered events.
gf Geometry factor appropriate %8.4 0.4293
for the event type.
The logic conditions and approximate energy ranges for the other rates
are given below.
Rate Logic Energy Range (MeV/nuc for oxygen)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DUBL LE1.LE2.LE3* 17.0 - 18.0
TRPL LE1.LE2.LE3.LE4* 18.0 - 24.0
WDSTP LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5* 30.0 - 48.0
WDSTPL1 LE1.LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5* 30.0 - 48.0
(has smaller geometry factor than WDSTP)
WDPEN LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5 48.0 - 185.0
WDPENL1 LE1.LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5 48.0 - 185.0
(has smaller geometry factor than WDPEN)
LETB (20) LB1.LB4* 2.4 - 17.5
LETB (21) LB1.LB2.LB4* 4.8 - 17.5
LETB (22) LB1.LB2.LB3.LB4* 6.5 - 17.5
X.Y = logical AND of X and Y
X* = logical NOT X
Pulse height energies are returned for only 3 detectors, which 3
depends on the event type:
Event Type PHA3 detector PHA2 detector PHA1 detector
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DUBL ----- LE1 LE2
TRPL LE3 LE1 LE2
WDSTP and WDSTPL1 LE3 LE4 LE2
WDPEN LE3 LE4+LE5 LE2
LETB LB3 LB2 LB1
Event types (and extended types) are described above in the
Data Processing section.
Rate Data:
----------
The Rate data are stored as a simple ASCII data table. The first 4
lines of the original data file consisted of a header that has been
moved to the PDS label (file and data info sections). The header
contains summary column headings for the 17 columns of data plus
some summary data. The summary typically consists of a descriptor
and an identifier in the form:
xxx: yyy
where xxx is a single word descriptor and yyy is an identifier.
Examples:
TYPE: PB2R
DATE: 96/02/25
Each line consists of a date/time string and 16 numeric fields. These
fields are all floating point with the exception of the ''DateTime''
and ''COM SUB STAT'' columns.
Column
Heading Contents Format Example
------- -------- ------ -------
DateTime Spacecraft Event Time (SCET) in
UTC, Derived from PB (Playback)
level0 telemetry header data
format: %4d-%02d-%02dT%02s:%02d:%06.2f
example: 1994-05-22T17:23:56.123Z
SCLK Spacecraft clock derived %07ld:%02ld:0:0 3497588:00:0:0
from PB (Playback) level0
telemetry header data SCET
COM SUB STAT Sub-commutated status value. %2d 11
The output facilities are
shared by the rate types LE2
through LE5 and LB1 through LB4.
-1 is a flag value (the last 8
columns have no-data).
Rates Per The valid values are in counts 1604.50
Second per second. A no-data value -99.0
is shown as a negative number.
DUBL Rates of respective types %7.2f 1234.00
TRPL from the LET E sensor (see
WDSTP below).
WDPEN
LETB Count rate of LETB %8.2f 30528.00
LE1 Count rate of LE1 %8.2f 30528.00
LE2 Count rate of LE2 %8.2f 30528.00
LE3 Count rate of LE3 %8.2f 30528.00
LE4 Count rate of LE4 %8.2f 30528.00
LE5 Count rate of LE5 %8.2f 30528.00
LB1 Count rate of LB1 %8.2f 30528.00
LB2 Count rate of LB2 %8.2f 30528.00
LB3 Count rate of LB3 %8.2f 30528.00
LB4 Count rate of LB4 %8.2f 30528.00
Explanation of Rates:
---------------------
The LET E logic conditions and approximate energy ranges for the other
rates are given below.
Rate Logic Energy Range (MeV/nuc for oxygen)
------------------------------------------------------------------
DUBL LE1.LE2.LE3* 17.0 - 18.0
TRPL LE1.LE2.LE3.LE4* 18.0 - 24.0
WDSTP LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5* 30.0 - 48.0
WDPEN LE2.LE3.LE4.LE5 48.0 - 185.0
LETB LB1.LB2.LB4* 4.8 - 17.5
X.Y = logical AND of X and Y
X* = logical NOT X
LE1, LE2, LE3, LE4, LE5, LB1, LB2, LB3 and LB4 are single detector
rates which respond in the approximate energy ranges given below.
Rate Energy Range (MeV/nuc for oxygen)
-----------------------------------------------------
LE1 15.1 - 25.3
LE2 14.9 - 176.0
LE3 15.4 - 192.0
LE4 17.9 - 177.0
LE5 44.8 - 185.0
LB1 1.9 - 5000.0
LB2 1.9 - 7000.0
LB3 2.1 - 13000.0
LB4 16.6 - 95000.0
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